Objective To compare different ways to trace bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) after being transplanted in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Male SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into sham group, model group (ischemia-reperfusion,IR), BrdU tracing group, PKH26 tracing group and GFP tracing group. Fo?cal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by blocking middle cerebral artery. 24 hours after cerebral isch?emia-reperfusion injury, 10μL BMSCs that were labeled respectively by BrdU, PKH26, GFP were added respectively into BrdU, PKH26 and GFP tracing group while equal volum of normal saline was added into sham group and model group. Mod?el and transplanting cells efficacy was determined by neural behavioral score, TTC staining and brain water content;Neurons were counted using tar violet staining;The number of transplant cells in the transplanting site was assessed by fluorescence microscopy. Results Before transplanting, there was no significant difference among BrdU, PKH26 and GFP group in cell labeled efficacy. By contrast, neural behavioral score, brain infarct volume and brain tissue water content were significantly lower in all three tracing groups than that in model group 4 weeks after transplantation while neuron counts were markedly higher. There was no significant difference of above parameters among the three tracing groups. However, the number of traced transplanting cells in damaging area in GFP group is significantly higher than that in BrdU group and PKH26 group. Conclusion In cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, the tracing effect of GFP last longer, therefore it is significantly more effective than BrdU and PKH26.

Objective To investigate the effects of zinc fingers and homeoboxes 3 (ZHX3) silence on expressions of smad3, smad4 and RUNX2 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods ZHX3 low expression vector (ZHX3 silent group) was constructed and was transfected to rat BMSCs. Empty vector was transfected into BMSCs and was used as vehicle control group, and wild type BMSCs was used as the control group. The cell transfection rate was measured under a fluorescence microscope, and then the successful transfection was identified. The immunocytochemistry and immu?noblotting methods were used to detect the expression levels of smad3, smad4 and RUNX2. Results (1) Cells with BMSCs phenotype can be obtained by recovery culturing. (2) After transfection, the green fluorescent protein was found in ZHX3 si?lence group and vehicle control group. Blank control group showed no significant fluorescence. The expression level of ZHX 3 was significantly lower in ZHX3 silence group than that of vehicle control group. (3) Results of immunofluorescence asssay showed that the positive expressions of smad3 and smad4 were located in nucleus and cytoplasm, the positive expression of RUNX2 was mainly located in nucleus. Positive cells were observed in three groups. There was no significant difference in fluorescence intensity between the control group and the vehicle control group, but the fluorescence intensity was significant?ly lower in ZHX3 gene silence group than that of two control groups. (4) There were no significant differences in expressions of smad3, smad4 and RUNX2 betweem control group and the vehicle control group, but they were significantly higher than those of ZHX3 silence group(P < 0.05). Conclusion ZHX3 gene silence can delay vitro osteogenesis of BMSCs, which may play a role by the down-regulated expression levels of smad3, smad4 and RUNX2.

Animals ; Lung ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Spleen ; immunology ; pathology ; fas Receptor ; analysis

Objective To compare the efficacy of uniform multi-drug therapy (UMDT) versus routine multi-drug therapy (RMDT) for the treatment of multi-bacillary (MB) leprosy patients based on bacterial index changes and frequencies of leprosy reaction.Methods This study recruited newly diagnosed leprosy patients after taking informed consent in three districts of Guizhou province as well as in one district of Yunnan province from November 2003 to June 2005.The patients received 6-month UMDT or 2-year RMDT.Clinical follow up and bacterial reexamination were carried out once a year.Changes of bacterial index (BI) and frequencies of leprosy reaction were compared between the patients receiving RMDT and UMDT.Results A total of 166 patients received UMDT and 170 received RMDT in this study.Among the UMDT-treated patients,114 were skin smear positive,and 83 had been followed up for 42 months; of the RMDT-treated patients,149 underwent all the bacterial examinations during a 48-month follow up.The mean bacterial index decreased from 2.84 before treatment to 0.33 at the end of the 42-month follow up in the 83 patients,and from 2.55 to 0.26 at the end of the 48-month follow up in the 149 patients,with no significant difference in the changes of bacterial index between the two groups (t =0.77,P ＞ 0.05).Bacterial index became negative in 73.5％ (61/83) of the UMDT-treated patients and in 77.2％ (115/149) of the RMDT-treated patients (x2 =0.40,P＞ 0.05)at the end of follow up.During the follow up peroid,the incidence of type Ⅰ leprosy reaction was 14.6％ (13/89) in the UMDT group,significantly higher than that in the RMDT group (3.4％ (5/149),x2 =10.08,P＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions There is no significant difference in mean bacterial index changes and bacterial clearance rate during the follow up peroid between UMDT- and RMDT-treated patients.The incidence of type Ⅰ leprosy reaction is higher in the UMDT group than in the RMDT group,and further investigation is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon.

Aim To investigate the method of establishing the atopic dermatitis mice model induced by calcipotriol ( MC903 ) . Methods Induction dose exploratory experiment: since d 0, 0.33,1,3 nmol MC903 was smeared on the right ear of BALB/c mice in each dose group respectively , for 7 consecutive days . The ear swelling degree of the mice was observed every day and the bilateral ears thicknesses were measured .The materials were drawn and analyzed in d 3 and d 7.Induction days exploratory experiment: 2 nmol MC903 was smeared on the right ear of BALB/c mice, for 14 consecutive days .The ear swelling degree of mice was observed every day and the bilateral ears thicknesses were measured .The histopathological examination of the right ear was conducted in 3 d, 7 d, 11 d and 15 d respectively .The tissue homogenate of the mice right ear was prepared .The ex-pressions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP),IL-33, IL-4 and IFN-γin the homogenate , CD40 +,CD86 +,the DC surface markers and ILC2 contents in the peripheral lymph nodes were detected.Results ①1,3 nmol MC903 induced ear swelling in mice was significantly increased in d 3, the levels of TSLP and IL-4 were significantly increased .The level of IL-33 in 3 nmol dose group was increased significantly in d 7.② The right ear swelling of 2 nmol MC903 induced atopic dermatitis mice was significant , the ear thickness was increased gradually and reached the peak in d 14.The histopathological examination of the mice ear tissue showed in d 7, the right ear tissue of the mice was swelling and red , the capillary vessels were dilated and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was obvious .The ear in-flammatory symptoms maintained and gradually aggravated for 15 days.Compared with the normal mice , MC903 increased the TSLP level in the right ear tissue homogenate significantly in d 3 and then decreased gradually .The levels of IL-4 and IL-33 were increased significantly in d 7 and then decreased gradually .The levels of ILC2, CD40 +, CD86 + in the peripheral lymph nodes were increased in d 7 and d 15.Conclusion The atopic derma-titis mice model can be successfully established using 2 nmol MC903 induced mice for 7 days.Appropriate testing point of TSLP is d 3.Appropriate testing point of IL-33 and IL-4 is d 7.

Objective To explore the prognostic value of arterial blood lactate (Lac) levels and lactate clearance rate (LCR) in the patients with septic shock.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.Clinical data of 94 septic patients admitted in the Department of Critical Care Medicine in Subei People's Hospital from January 2011 to June 2014 were analyzed.The arterial blood Lac levels at the moment of diagnosis of septic shock (incipient value,0 hour) and early-stage after treatment (3,6 and 24 hours) were reviewed,and individual LCR was calculated at 3,6,24 hours for each patient.According to the outcome in intensive care unit (ICU),patients were divided into survival group (n =48) and death group (n =46).The Lac and LCR at different time points in two groups were analyzed,and the relationships between them and outcome were analyzed.The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the value of Lac and LCR at different time points for predicting the outcome.Results Lac level after treatment in survival group was significantly lower than incipient value,but there was no obvious change in death group.Compared with death group,early Lac levels (mmol/L) in survival group were significantly reduced (0 hour:3.80 ± 2.14 vs.5.75±3.21,3 hours:2.05± 1.04 vs.5.03±2.53,6 hours:1.80±0.77 vs.4.40±2.02,24 hours:1.35±0.43 vs.4.90 ± 2.72,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),the LCR was significantly increased [3 hours:50.00 (72.35)％ vs.13.51 (20.67)％,6 hours:41.43 (58.42)％ vs.22.00 (22.31)％,24 hours:58.73 (29.94)％ vs.18.92 (47.28)％,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01].The Lac levels at all time points were positively correlated with the outcome,and 6-hour and 24-hour LCR were negatively correlated with the outcome.According to the incipient Lac level,patients were divided into low Lac group (Lac ＜ 2 mmol/L),mild Lac group (Lac 2-3 mmol/L) and high Lac group (Lac ≥ 4 mmol/L).The mortality in low Lac group,mild Lac group,high Lac group was gradually increased [23.07％ (6/26),50.00％ (8/16),61.54％ (32/52),x2=10.270,P =0.006].ROC curves demonstrated that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of 24-hour Lac was the largest,0.944,and it was more sensitive and specific in the prognosis evaluation (100％ and 78.3％,respectively).According to the cut-off value of 24-hour Lac as 2.35 mmol/L,patients were divided into high Lac and low Lac groups,and mortality rate in high Lac group was significantly higher than that in low Lac group [100.0％ (36/36) vs.17.24％ (10/58),x2=30.441,P =0.000].The AUC of 24-hour LCR was the largest,0.865,and it was more sensitive and specific for the prognosis evaluation (83.3％ and 91.3％,respectively).According to the cut-off value of 24-hour LCR as 36.8％,patients were divided into high LCR group and low LCR group,and mortality rate in low LCR group was significantly higher than that in high LCR group [84.00％ (42/50) vs.9.09％ (4/44),x2=26.278,P =0.000].Conclusion Early high Lac in patients with septic shock prompts a poor prognosis,and 24-hour Lac levels and LCR are indicators of assessment of clinical therapeutic effect and prognosis of patients with septic shock.

Allergic diseases such as allergic asthma, allergic der-matitis, allergic rhinitis, are polygenic diseases, involving the interaction between the environment, genes and immunity. In the past few decades, the incidence rate of allergic diseases in-creased predominantly and influenced the quality of people's lives seriously, so looking for new targets for the prevention and treat-ment of allergic diseases and drugs with less adverse reaction be-comes a hot topic for researchers. MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that mediate nega-tively posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by targe-ting specific mRNA sequences to inhibit the translation of mR-NAs. They are widely involved in the biological processes of cell differentiation, immune response and tumor development. The study shows that miRNAs can control the occurrence and devel-opment of allergic diseases. Studying the regulatory role of miR-NAs in allergic diseases has important implications for exploring the immunopathological mechanisms and discovering new thera-peutic targets of drugs.

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture from 2012 to 2021, and to provide reference for formulating relevant prevention and control measures. Methods　The data of public health emergencies reported in Xishuangbanna from 2012 to 2021 were collected and analyzed through the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Results A total of 78 public health emergencies (including "Unrated" events) were reported in Xishuangbanna from 2012 to 2021. The highest 21 cases and the lowest 3 cases were reported every year. A total of 1 0374 cases were reported in 78 public health emergencies, involving a population of 1 703 049, with a morbidity of 609.14/100 000, 24 deaths, mortality of 1.41/100 000 and fatality rate of 231.35/100 000. The event level was mainly "general (level Ⅳ)" with 52 incidents, accounting for 66.67%, and 17 incidents of "major (level Ⅲ)", accounting for 21.79%. 51 cases were mainly infectious diseases, accounting for 65.39%. The peak periods for incidents were May-July and November-February of the next year; there were 39 incidents in schools, accounting for 50%, followed by 20 incidents in families, accounting for 25.64%. The top three reported cases were food poisoning (32.05%), chicken pox 17 (21.79%) and dengue fever 10 (12.82%). Among the 24 deaths in public health emergencies, 22 were caused by food poisoning. Wild bacteria poisoning and alcohol poisoning were the main causes of food poisoning, accounting for 45.83% and 37.5% of the total deaths, respectively. Conclusion Infectious diseases, especially respiratory diseases and food poisoning are the focus of the prevention and control of public health emergencies in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, of which Schools and families should be pay close attention. Plague, a Class A infectious disease, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis has occurred in two inter-animal outbreaks in 10 years and spread to the population, which should be of great concern.

OBJECTIVETo study the development of pulmonary function of healthy children between 1-48 months.

METHODSA total of 295 healthy children at ages of 1-48 months were classified into 7 groups according to their age, i.e., 1-2 months, 3-4 months, 5-7 months, 8-12 months, 13-24 months, 25-36 months, and 37- 48 months. Pediatric pulmonary function laboratory type 2600 (Sensor Medics Corporation USA) was used to detect tidal flow volume curve, which can partially replace the maximum expiratory flow volume curve and reflect airway ventilation function. Passive expiratory flow volume technique was used to examine respiratory system static compliance and total airway resistance. Open nitrogen washout method was used to measure functional residual capacity.

RESULTSThe values of tidal, peak tidal expiratory flow, and respiratory system static compliance functional residual capacity increased with the increasing age and were significantly different among the 7 groups. However, respiratory rate and total airway resistance decreased with the increased age. The value of each parameter of tidal flow volume curve was stable during 1-48 months.

CONCLUSIONSThis study displayed the developmental characteristics of pulmonary function of healthy children at ages of 1-48 months, which is useful to observe the changes of pulmonary function in respiratory diseases.

Age Factors ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Functional Residual Capacity ; Humans ; Infant ; Lung ; physiology ; Male ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate