This article has shown the experiences to achieve more effective teaching results by integration of multiple teaching patterns,including case-based,problem-based learning,in the teaching of water-electrolyte metabolism and acid-base balance disorders.

To observe the clinical efficacy of diclofenac sodium eye drops for postoperative recurrence of pterygium, and to provide safer drug regimens to prevent the recurrence of pterygium.
● METHODS: From November 2011 to September 2013, 124 patients 134 eyes who underwent surgery because of pterygium in our hospital were randomly divided into trial group ( diclofenac sodium eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops) and control group ( tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops), all patients were followed up for 3mo ( once a week ) and the cornea, intraocular pressure and recurrence of pterygium were observed and compared between the two groups.
●RESULTS: Followed up for 3mo, 43 cases (45 eyes) in the trial group and 38 cases (39 eyes) in the control group had done the follow up as planned, in which 14 cases (15 eyes) showed the signs of recurrence, 2 cases (3 eyes) recurred eventually in the trial group, and in the meantime there were 12 cases (13 eyes) with signs of recurrence and 2 cases ( 2 eyes ) with a recurrence eventually in the control group, but no statistical difference was found between the two groups (P>0. 05);there were 6 cases (9 eyes) dropped out of the study with a higher intraocular pressure in the control group, compared to trial group (0 cases of 0 eye), the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0. 05); cornea conditions between the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON:Diclofenac sodium eye drops is effective and safe in preventing the recurrence of pterygium.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for lung cancer therapy in the filed of TCM and offer guidance for pharmacy work. METHODS:266 lung cancer prescriptions were collected from the department of TCM of our hospital during Jan. to Dec. in 2014,in-vestigated and analyzed in respects of patient’s age,the number of TCM ingredient,the weight and number of dose,cost,drug catego-ries,the frequency of each ingredient use. RESULTS:The high-risk population of lung cancer were over 40 years old group;the num-ber of TCM ingredient were from 16 to 20;the weight of dose was from 200 g to 300 g;the average number of dose was 10.01 with 53.79 yuan in average. Top 3 TCM were tonics (16.5%),TCM for relieving cough,reducing phlegm and preventing asthma (13.5%),TCM for clearing heat(11.5%). Fritillaria thunbergii,Morus alba,Citrus reticulate and Tetrastigma hemsleyanum took up the front place in the list of frequency. CONCLUSIONS:TCM for relieving cough,reducing phlegm and preventing asthma(13.5%) and TCM for clearing heat are frequently used in TCM prescription for lung cancer;all of them are easily damaged by worms,mildew, rot and extensive diffusion of oil. The management should be strengthened.

Coronary Artery Disease ; Humans ; Osteoprotegerin

At present, antibacterial drugs are widely used in the clinical treatment of infectious diseases. It is particularly impor-tant to focus on the safety of antibacterial drugs for the application improvement in the clinical treatment. The paper reviewed and sys-tematically analyzed the relative literatures in order to explain the pathomechanism of drug-induced renal injury caused by antibacterial drugs and propose some preventive measures. The study suggested that attention should be paid to the distribution and characteristics of the adverse drug reaction of antibacterial drugs to ensure the safe and proper administration of the drugs.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of parotid gland carcinoma. Methods: Eighty-six postoperated patients with parotid gland carcinoma( 7 in stage Ⅰ, 28 in stage Ⅱ, 33 in stage Ⅲ and 18 in stage Ⅳ) were radiated by 60Co ?-ray or linear accelerator X-ray combined with electron beam. All patients were diagnosed by pathology and followed up for more than 5 years. Results: The five year survival rate and the local control rate were 73.3% and 87.2% respectively. Poor prognosis was observed in the cases with the neoplastic classification of undifferentiated carcinoma, sequamous cell carcinoma and malignant pleomorphic adenoma, but the better prognosis was obtained in the cases with acinic cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Poor prognosis was observed in the cases with stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ of clinical stage. Radiotherapy undertaken in 2 weeks after surgical operation gave higher 5- year survival ratio( 83.8%). The group given 51～60 Gy radiation showed 82.9% of five- year survival rate. Conclusion: The combination of surgery with radiation is effective in the treatment of parotid gland carcinoma.Radiation of 51～60 Gy 2 weeks after operation may result in better prognosis. Neoplastic type and clinical stage are important factors for prognosis.

Objective To analyze the chromosome aberrations induced by partial radiation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro.Methods Heparinized whole blood samples were exposed to 2 Gy ~(60)Co 7-rays at 37℃ ,and then mixed with non-irradiated blood by different ratio.The slides were prepared after culturing and the unstable aberrations were analyzed.Results The chromosome aberrations had a good relationship with the ratio of irradiated blood.The chromosome aberrations in partial irradiated group were higher than that in the irradiated group.The estimated dose was 1.27 Gy when the ratio was 1 : 1 ,greater than the dose of 1 Gy.The estimated dose was 0.93 Gy when the ratio was 0.5＝1,also greater than 0.5 Gy.But when the ratio was 1:0,the radiation dose was accordant with the estimated dose.Conclusions Chromosome aberrations could be a biomarker for estimating the uneven irradiation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Qigong pills decoction combined with chemical drugs on hormone levels of polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS)patients complicated with infertility. METHODS:A total of 98 PCOS patients complicated with infertility selected from gynaecology department of our hospital during Jul. 2015-Jun. 2016 were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table,with 49 cases in each group. Control group was given Clomiphene ci-trate tablet 50 mg orally,qd,for consecutive 5 d;B-ultrasonography for follicle development was monitored at the 11th day of menstruation,and then they were given Chorionic Gonadotropin for injection 2000 U intramuscularly,qod,if there was not domi-nant follicle >10 mm till the diameter of follicle reached 18 mm. Observation group was additionally given one dose of Qigong pills decoction,every day 400 mL after decocted with water,each 200 mL for morning and night,on the basis of control group. After 3 months of treatment,the levels of FSH,LH,PRL,E2,T,DHEA-S and SHBG,the endometrial thickness,the number of mature follicle and pregnancy rate were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:Before treatment,there was no statistical signifi-cance in the levels of FSH,LH,PRL,E2,T,DHEA-S or SHBG between 2 groups(P>0.05). 3 months after treatment,the lev-els of PRL,T and DHEA-S in 2 groups were decreased and E2,SHBG were increased significantly;the levels of FSH,PRL,T and DHEA-S in observation group were significantly lower than control group,while the levels of E2 and SHBG were significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Endometrial thickness of observation group were significantly higher than that of control group;pregnancy rate (18.37%) was significantly higher than control group (4.08%),with statistical significance (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Qigong pills decoction combined with chemical drugs can help to improve pregnancy rate and regulate serum hormone level in the treatment of PCOS complicated with infertility.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the pediatric drug counseling service and the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS:The telephone records of drug consultation from Feb. 2006 to Apr. 2008 in our hospital were statistically analyzed and the problems related to adverse drug reactions were classified. RESULTS:Among the 542 cases of drug consulting telephone records,the top 3 consulting questions were the usage and dosage of drugs (29.15%),recommendation and choice of drugs (13.28%) and drug interactions (10.52%). Of which,41 cases of ADR problems were about the use of antibacterials and Chinese traditional patent drugs. The most common manifestation of ADR was the lesion of digestive system. CONCLUSION:Drug consulting telephone service can not only enhance children patients' medication compliance and promote rational use of drugs but also improve the learning of clinical pharmacists.

Objective To investigate 60Co γ-ray induced damage in lymphocytes and the relationship between doses of 60Co γ-ray irradiation and the levels of phosphorylated H2AX and ATM.Methods Cells were irradiated with 60Co γ-rays in the range of 0-8 Gy.The levels of phosphorylated H2AX and ATM were detected by Western blot and FACScan,respectively.The micronucleus(MN)was analyzed by CB method to evaluate DNA damage.Results FACScan results showed the dose-effect relationship of γ-H2AX expression were linear.square at 0.5 h post-irradiation to different doses,and the fitting curve was shown as Y=3.96+11.29D-0.45D2.The level of phosphorylated ATM(p-ATM)was not changed significantly by using the same method.Western blot showed that p-ATM protein expression was significandy increased after irradiation compared with sham.irradiated group.The MN assay which represented DNA damage was sensitive to different doses.Conclusions γ-ray irradiation could induce the phosphorylation of H2AX and ATM,which may play an important role in indicating DNA damage.Both of H2AX and ATM have the potential as sensitive biomarker and biodosimeter for radiation damage.