Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Child ; Humans

Age Factors ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Child, Preschool ; Clindamycin ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Paraplegia ; chemically induced

OBJECTIVE:To approach the correlations of carbamazepine concentration in serum with clinical therapeutic effect,dosage,sex,age and body weight in epileptic children.METHODS:158 monitoring records for serum concentration of carbamazepine in children with epilepsy in our clinical pharmacy department were consulted retrospectively.Data such as serum concentration,sex and age were recorded into data base and were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software.RESULTS:No significant correlation was noted between serum concentration of carbamazepine in epileptic children and sex.However,serum concentration of carbamazepine was closely correlated with clinical therapeutic effect,dosage,age and body weight.CONCLUSION:The individual difference in the metabolic processes of carbamazepine was concerned with age and body weight,so it's necessary to make individualized regime according to child's specific condition and monitoring results.

Carbazoles ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Failure ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Propanolamines ; therapeutic use ; Takayasu Arteritis ; complications ; drug therapy ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the pediatric drug counseling service and the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS:The telephone records of drug consultation from Feb. 2006 to Apr. 2008 in our hospital were statistically analyzed and the problems related to adverse drug reactions were classified. RESULTS:Among the 542 cases of drug consulting telephone records,the top 3 consulting questions were the usage and dosage of drugs (29.15%),recommendation and choice of drugs (13.28%) and drug interactions (10.52%). Of which,41 cases of ADR problems were about the use of antibacterials and Chinese traditional patent drugs. The most common manifestation of ADR was the lesion of digestive system. CONCLUSION:Drug consulting telephone service can not only enhance children patients' medication compliance and promote rational use of drugs but also improve the learning of clinical pharmacists.

Castleman Disease ; complications ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications

The formulation for sustained release tablet of Epinedium component was selected and the evaluation equation of in vitro release was established. The liquidity of component was improved with the help of colloidal silica aided by spray drying, which would be the main drug in the sustained release tablets. Dissolution was selected as an evaluation index to investigate skeletal material type, fillers, impact porogen, lubricants and other materials on the quality of sustained release tablet. The sustained release tablets were prepared by dry compression. Formulation of sustained release preparations was main drug 35%, HPMC K(4M) 20% and HPMC K(15M) 10% as skeleton material, MCC 31% as filler, PEG6000 2% as porogen and magnesium stearate 2% as lubricant. The sustained release tablets released up to 80% in 8 h. The zero order equation, primary equation and Higuchi equation could simulate the release characteristics of sustained release tablets in vitro, the correlation coefficients r were larger than 0.96. The primary equation was most similar in vitro release characteristics and its correlation coefficient r was 0.9950. The preparation method is simple and the results of formulation selection are reliable. It can be used to guide the production of Epimedium component sustained release preparations.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Tablets ; chemistry

Culture environment is the key factor in the construction of dermal skin.It was investigated that the effects of the culture methods,including the static culture and spinner flask culture,and stir speeds on the cells proliferation,metabolism and distribution within collagenchitosan sponges.A higher cell density and specific growth rate was obtained with spinner flask culture versus static culture,especially,the 80 r/min spinner flask culture.The cell distribution in dermal substitutes from stirred culture system was more uniform than static culture,as well as that with increase of stir speeds in spinner flask.In summary,the spinner flasks culture with proper stir speed shows promise for the construction of dermal substitutes in vitro.

Objective To explore the effects of motivational interviewing health education on the self-management behavior and lung function of the community-elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Totally 215 elderly patients with stable COPD from Xi'an community were enrolled by convenience sampling,and the patients were randomly divided into control (n=108) and experimental group (n=107) using the random number table.The patients in the experimental group received motivational interviewing health education for 6 months in addition to usual health education for both groups.The two groups were examed by self-management behavior (smoking,respiratory function exercises,muscle exercises,home oxygen therapy,medication adherence and inhaled drugs method) and lung function before and after intervention.Results In the experimental group,smoking cessation rate [72.9％ (78 cases) vs.84.1％ (90 cases),x2 =7.40],respiratory-function exercises (often) [16.8％ (18 cases) vs.84.1％ (90 cases),x2 =99.35],muscle exercises (often) [30.8 ％ (33 cases) vs.87.0％ (93 cases),x2 =69.49],frequent home-oxygen therapy [9.3％(10 cases) vs.35.5％(38 cases),x2 =30.50],medication following the doctor's advice [36.5％(39 cases) vs.86.9％ (93 cases),x2 =57.67]and right inhaled-drugs method [44.9％ (48 cases) vs.95.3％(102 cases),x2 =65.00]were much greater than those before intervention (all P＜0.05).Lung function including vital capacity (VC) [(2.53±0.41) L vs.(2.66±0.58)L,t =-2.62],forced vital capacity (FVC) [(2.51 ± 0.45) L vs.(2.64 ± 0.60) L,t =-2.56],forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) [(1.59±0.23)L vs.(1.74±0.47)L,t =-2.75],FEV1％ [(63.6±22.8) ％ vs.(73.5±20.9)％,t =-3.38]were significantly improved after 6 months as compared with those before intervention (all P ＜0.05).However,only right inhaled-drugs method was significantly greater than that before intervention in the control group [41.7 ％ (45 cases) vs.61.1％ (66 cases),x2 =8.17,P＜0.05].Conclusions Motivational interviewing health education may improve the self-management behavior and lung function of elderly patients with stable COPD,and it serves as an effective disease-management strategy.