Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Child ; Humans

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Child, Preschool ; Clindamycin ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Paraplegia ; chemically induced

OBJECTIVE:To approach the correlations of carbamazepine concentration in serum with clinical therapeutic effect,dosage,sex,age and body weight in epileptic children.METHODS:158 monitoring records for serum concentration of carbamazepine in children with epilepsy in our clinical pharmacy department were consulted retrospectively.Data such as serum concentration,sex and age were recorded into data base and were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software.RESULTS:No significant correlation was noted between serum concentration of carbamazepine in epileptic children and sex.However,serum concentration of carbamazepine was closely correlated with clinical therapeutic effect,dosage,age and body weight.CONCLUSION:The individual difference in the metabolic processes of carbamazepine was concerned with age and body weight,so it's necessary to make individualized regime according to child's specific condition and monitoring results.

Age Factors ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prader-Willi Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome

Castleman Disease ; complications ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the pediatric drug counseling service and the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR). METHODS:The telephone records of drug consultation from Feb. 2006 to Apr. 2008 in our hospital were statistically analyzed and the problems related to adverse drug reactions were classified. RESULTS:Among the 542 cases of drug consulting telephone records,the top 3 consulting questions were the usage and dosage of drugs (29.15%),recommendation and choice of drugs (13.28%) and drug interactions (10.52%). Of which,41 cases of ADR problems were about the use of antibacterials and Chinese traditional patent drugs. The most common manifestation of ADR was the lesion of digestive system. CONCLUSION:Drug consulting telephone service can not only enhance children patients' medication compliance and promote rational use of drugs but also improve the learning of clinical pharmacists.

Carbazoles ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Failure ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Propanolamines ; therapeutic use ; Takayasu Arteritis ; complications ; drug therapy ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

The formulation for sustained release tablet of Epinedium component was selected and the evaluation equation of in vitro release was established. The liquidity of component was improved with the help of colloidal silica aided by spray drying, which would be the main drug in the sustained release tablets. Dissolution was selected as an evaluation index to investigate skeletal material type, fillers, impact porogen, lubricants and other materials on the quality of sustained release tablet. The sustained release tablets were prepared by dry compression. Formulation of sustained release preparations was main drug 35%, HPMC K(4M) 20% and HPMC K(15M) 10% as skeleton material, MCC 31% as filler, PEG6000 2% as porogen and magnesium stearate 2% as lubricant. The sustained release tablets released up to 80% in 8 h. The zero order equation, primary equation and Higuchi equation could simulate the release characteristics of sustained release tablets in vitro, the correlation coefficients r were larger than 0.96. The primary equation was most similar in vitro release characteristics and its correlation coefficient r was 0.9950. The preparation method is simple and the results of formulation selection are reliable. It can be used to guide the production of Epimedium component sustained release preparations.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Tablets ; chemistry

Culture environment is the key factor in the construction of dermal skin.It was investigated that the effects of the culture methods,including the static culture and spinner flask culture,and stir speeds on the cells proliferation,metabolism and distribution within collagenchitosan sponges.A higher cell density and specific growth rate was obtained with spinner flask culture versus static culture,especially,the 80 r/min spinner flask culture.The cell distribution in dermal substitutes from stirred culture system was more uniform than static culture,as well as that with increase of stir speeds in spinner flask.In summary,the spinner flasks culture with proper stir speed shows promise for the construction of dermal substitutes in vitro.

Objective To study the effect of lidocaine on the expression of CD11b/CD18 and MPO in lung injury after hemorrhagic shock in rats. Methods Eighty male Wistar rats weighing 230-270 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham operation group ( group Ⅰ, n = 8 ) received operation without shock, shock group ( group Ⅱ, n = 8 ) received hemorrhagic shock without resuscitation , normal saline treatment group (group Ⅲ, n = 32 ) received normal saline after shock, lidocaine treatment group ( group Ⅳ, n = 32 ) received lidocaine after shock. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 40 mg? kg-1 . Hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawing blood from right femoral artery at the rate of 2.0 ml?kg-1? min-1 , MAP was maintained at 40 mm Hg for 60 min before resuscitation. Direct arterial MAP and HR were continuously monitored. Group Ⅳwas received lidoacaine at the beginning of resuscitation with a bonus dose 2.0 mg? kg-1 and then followed continuous infusion1.0mg?kg-1?h-1 for 2 h. Group III was received the same dose of normal saline. Flow cytometric analysis was used to assess the expression of CD11b/CD18 on leukocyte and the change of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the lung was studied at the end of shock (groupⅡ ) and at 2,4, 8, 12 h after resuscitation (group Ⅲ, group Ⅳ) . The rats were sacrificed and the piece of lung was immediately removed for electron microscopic examination. Result In group Ⅲand group Ⅳ ,the expression of CD11b/CD18 on PMNs and MPO in lung were increased significantly compared with Group Ⅰ. Microscopic examination indicated the longer time of reperfusion ,the more serious injury of the lung. And in groupⅣ ,the changes of CD11b/CD18 and MPO were reduced as compared with group Ⅲ (P