Objective To observe the correlation between active vitamin D3 level and sarcopenia development in elderly patients in plateau regions and the changes in the correlation factors for sarcopenia under the invention of active vitamin D3 (Calcitriol,Cal),and to observe whether Cal could improve the muscle function.Methods 90 patients were assigned to the normal control (Con) arm,and 120 patients with sarcopenia were assigned to the sarcopenia (Sar) arm to receive different oral doses of Cal as intervention (0.25 ug/d for low dose group including 60 patients and 0.25ug bid for high dose group including 60 patients) Before and after the intervention,levels of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and the inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10,and hs-CRP were detected using ELISA;HOMA-IR,BMI,and ASMI were calculated;and walking speed and grip strength were measured to observe the correlation between 1,25-(OH) 2D3 level and sarcopenia,the changes in these indicators from before to after intervention,and the efficacy and safety of oral Cal for sarcopenia.Results Prior to intervention,compared with the Con arm,1,25-(OH)2D3 level,IL-10 level,ASMI,walking speed and grip strength were significantly reduced (P＜0.01),and HOMA-IR,IL-6,TNF-α and hs-CRP were significantly elevated (P＜0.01) in both dose groups;intervention with Cal produced significant increases in 1,25-(OH)2D3 and IL-10 levels,significantly improved walking speed and grip strength (P ＜0.05),significant decreases in HOMA-IR,IL-6,TNF-α,and hs-CRP (P＜0.05),which were more marked with higher dose,but no significant changes in ASMI.From before to after intervention,there were no significant changes in BMI or hepatic/renal function,blood calcium,or blood phosphorus in either group.Conclusions The development of sarcopenia is associated with reduced 1,25-(OH)2D3 level.Cal can lower the inflammatory factors IL-6,TNF-α,and hs-CRP,and elevate IL-10,providing anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory actions;improve muscle function and strength;and improve insulin resistance.BMI is irrelevant to the management of sarcopenia.Cal is safe at the oral dose up to 0.5 tμg/d.

Objective To explore the relationship between asymptomatic lacunar cerebral infarction and blood pressure variability (BPV) in senile patients with essential hypertension.Methods According to the results of the cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),160 patients were divided into two groups:96 cases of hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group and 64 cases of simple hypertension group.Their levels and variability blood pressure were investigated by 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.All markers included 24 h average systolic blood pressure variation (24 h SBPV),24 h average diastolic blood pressure variation (24 h DBPV),the day average systolic blood pressure variation (dSBPV),the night average systolic blood pressure variation (nSBPV),the day average diastolic blood pressure variation (dDBPV),the night average diastolic blood pressure variation (nDBPV),the standard deviation (SD)and variable coefficient (CV) of morning peak systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.Results 24 h SBPV,dSBPV,nSBPV,24 h DBPV,dDBPV,nDBPV was increased significantly in hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group compared with those in simple hypertension group (0.15±0.03 vs.0.11 ± 0.02,0.14 ± 0.02 vs.0.10 ± 0.03,0.14 ± 0.03 vs.0.10 ± 0.08,0.13 ± 0.08 vs.0.11 ±0.04,0.14 ±0.02 vs.0.11 ±0.07,0.14 ±0.05 vs.0.09 ±0.02),and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).SD and CV of morning peak systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group was higher than that in simple hypertension group [(15.37 ±4.55) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) vs.(13.53 ±2.26) mmHg,(13.64 ±4.95) mmHg vs.(9.80 ± 3.46) mmHg,0.141 ± 0.048 vs.0.113 ± 0.037,0.145 ± 0.056 vs.0.105 ± 0.036],and there was significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The BPV,especially morning blood pressure surge BPV are increased significantly in the hypertension combined with lacunar cerebral infarction group compared with that simple hypertension group,BPV increase is one of the important risk factors of cerebral infarction.

Inhibition or/and induction of CYP3A4 are the major mechanisms underlying the common clinical drug-drug interactions, which has been gained attention in new drug discovery and development as well as clinical practice. Quantitative prediction of drug-drug interactions at the early stage of drug development is advantageous for reducing the cost and duration of development and providing more information for the later clinical studies. The review summarizes the update progress on quantitative prediction of in vivo drug-drug interactions derived from models based on in vitro inhibition or/and induction for CYP3A4.

Because of their unique neno-structures and outstanding mechanical,thermodynamic,and magnetic properties,carbon nanotubes have attracted intensive interests in the field of stomatology,especially in the research of composite materials,such as toughened ceramic,reinforced polymethyl methacrylate,etc.In this paper,the current and prospective applications of carbon nanotubes in stomatology were reviewed.Also some comments were made on the existing problems and prospects of the relative research were discussed.

Objective To investigate the regulating effect of Jianpixiaoshi Decoction(JPXSD)on gastrointestinal motility in rats of functional dys-pepsia(FD)with spleen deficiency syndrome. Methods Forty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:normal control group, model group,model traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group and model western medicine group. Except for the normal control group,FD model of spleen-deficiency type was established by swimming to exhaustion on alternate days and alternating feeding of cabbage and lard for 25 days. Corre-sponding drugs were then administrated to those four groups:distilled water,JPXSD and Mosapride distilled water solution once a day by gavage for 7 days. Symptoms and body weights of these rats were observed and recorded during the experiment. After the last of drug administration,all groups were fasted for 24 hours. Nutritious semisolid paste marked with ink was given orally to the rats,GER and IPR of 1 hour were detected under anesthe-sia by sodium thiopental and blood were collected at the same time. The concentration of serum SP and SS were measured by ELISA according to the instructions. Results JPXSD improved the symptoms of model rats. Model TCM group showed significantly increased body weight,higher GER, lower IPR,higher serum SP level and lower SS level when compared to model group(P<0.05). Conclusion JPXSD could improve the symptoms of rat with spleen-deficiency,raise its body weight,accelerate the decreased gastric emptying and bring back the hyperactive small intestinal move-ment to normal. The regulating role of JPXSD may be realized through the increase of serum SP level and decrease of SS level.

Objective To observe changes of eerebral blood flow kinetics in chronic Keshan disease patients to facilitate the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The patients were divided into two groups according to the X-ray examination: 39 patients with a moderately enlarged heart in a eardiothoraeic ratio of 0.55～ 0.60 and 47 patients with a markedly enlarged heart in a cardiothoraeic ratio 0.60. Another group of 35 healthy individuals was included as controls. Cerebral arteries mean velocity (Vm), pulsatility index (PI), and resistance index(RI) of middle cerebral artery(MCA), anterior cerebral artery(ACA), posterior cerebral artery(PCA), basilar artery(BA), and vertebral artery(VA) were determined with transcranial Doppler(TCD) to observe. Results ①Vm of MCA being(57.4±8.9), (55.1±7.9)cm/s, ACA being(41.6±8.5), (39.5±8.1)cm/s, VA being(35.6±7.8), (33.5±7.6)em/s in the groups of individuals with a moderately or markedly enlarged heart were significantly decreased eompared with those of the control group, the latter being(63.2±11.6),(47.3±10.9),(39.7±9.5) era/s, with statical signifieances(P<0.05). PCA[(31.2±8.3)cm/s], BA[(38.7±7.9)cm/s] in the group of markedly enlarged heart also significantly were decreased, compared with those of the control group[ (38.1±10.5), (45.3±11.7)cm/s] ,and the difference being statically signifieant(P<0.05). ②As for PI, MCA(0.92±0.12, 1.01±0.13), ACA(0.90±0.14,0.94±0.15), PEA(0.89±0.15,0.92±0.14), BA(0.93±0.13,0.96±0.15), VA(0.91±0.14, 0.93±0.16) in the groups of individuals with a moderately or markedly enlarged heart significantly were increased, respectively compared with those of the control group(0.74±0.10,0.77±0.15,0.72±0.13,0.68± 0.12,0.69±0.14) with statical significances(P<0.05). Moreover, the increase was more pronounced in the markedly enlarged heart group than the moderately enlarged group(P<0.05). ③RI with ACA(0.63±0.06,0.70± 0.07), PCA(0.62±0.07,0.65±0.08), BA(0.66±0.09,0.68±0.10) and VA(0.63±0.08,0.64±0.09) in the groups with a moderately or markedly enlarged heart were significantly increased, compared with those of the control group(0.52±0.07,0.54±0.08,0.56±0.07,0.57±0.06) respectively with statical significances(P<0.05). Moreover, the increase was more pronounced in the heart markedly enlarged group than in the moderately enlarged heart group(P<0.05). MCA(0.67±0.09) in the groups of individuals with a markedly enlarged heart significantly increased, compared with those of the control group(0.53±0.06) and in the groups of individuals with a moderately enlarged heart(0.65±0.07), the difference had statical significances(P<0.05). Conclusions The chronic Keshan disease patients exhibits cerebral blood flow kinetic changes. In some serious cases, the cerebral blood flow changes more obviously. TCD has proven to be a simple, accurate and reliable method to detect cerebral blood flow kinetics changes in chronic Keshan disease patients, thus can be a help in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic Keshan disease.

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) concentration and progression of aortic atherosclerotic lesions for hyperlipidemic diet fed infantile rabbits.Methods Two-month-old infantile rabbits(0.9-1.1 kg) were randomly assigned to normal diet group(group A,n=6) and hyperlipidemic diet group(group B,n=11).Blood lipid levels,LPA,nitric oxide(NO),malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) concentrations were taken regularly.The thoracic aorta was taken from a hypertipidemic diet rabbit for pathological study at certion interval of time.Results Electronic microscope analysis revealed subtle changes of aortic wall during 1-2 weeks of the experiment.Fatty streaks(FS) appeared after 4 weeks of hyperlipidemic diet.The degree of FS increased gradually thereafter.Blood lipid levels increased significantly after 1 week of hyperlipidemic diet.Plasma LPA concentration reached its peak level before the appearance of FS.The NO,MDA and SOD concentrations of group B changed significantly proportional to the development of FS.Conclusion Measuring plasma LPA concentration,combined with serum NO,MDA and SOD concentrations can accurately reflect the formation and progression of FS.

Fructus Ligustri Lucidi ( FLL) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinic. This paper reviews the phar-macological action of FLL and its compounds, especially demon-strates the regulation and mechanism in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism.

The status and disadvantage on Information System of Battlefield Blood Supply are analyzed.By combining with practical condition,the adaptation future war information system of war blood supply based on Beidou Navigation Satellite is designed.The system aims at demand of present military,and goal for improving the ability of blood supply and promot-ing informationization level of blood management in battlefield.The advanced computer technology,communications tech-nology,satellite navigation technology and integrating principle are adopted.It is practicality exploration in informatization construction of war blood supply.

The acid-and bile-tolerant,the transit tolerance,the ability to adhere to human intestinal cells and the ability to assimilate cholesterol of seven lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria strains were studied by an in vitro method.The abilities to adhere to CCL-187 cells were different between all strains tested(P95% when incubated in simulated gastric and small intestinal juice for 3h and 4h respectively.All strains have the ability to grow in the presence of bile,and the ability varied among the strains.The cholesterol assimilated ranged from 25% to 54%.Enterococcus faecium A30,A31 and Lactobacillus acidophilus A878,PB1,which assimilated more than 40% cholesterol from circumstances,can be good hypocholesterolemic candidate strains for functional food.