Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polycythemia ; etiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications

Cyclosporine ; pharmacokinetics ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the damage effect of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OX-LDL)on the endothelial cells and its influence in the expressions of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4)and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM).Methods The human endothelial cells ECV-304 were cultured in vitro and treated by different concentrations of OX-LDL for 24 h,and the cell vitality was measured by Taipan blue rejection test.The reactive oxygen species (ROS)level,mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP),cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).The expression of TLR-4 and EpCAM were also analyzed by FCM.Results Compared with control group,the ROS levels in ECV-304 cells in 25,50,100,and 200 mg·L-1 OX-LDL were increased, but the cell vitalities and MMP were decreased (P < 0.05).Compared with control group,the percentages of S phase cells in 25 and 50 mg·L-1 OX-LDL groups were increased,the G0 G1 phase cells were slightly reduced,and the SubG1 phase cells (apoptotic cells)were increased with the increasing of OX-LDL concentration.Compared with control group,the TLR-4 and EpCAM expression levels in ECV-304 cells in 50 mg·L-1 OX-LDL group at 24 h were significantly increased (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion OX-LDL could increase the ROS level and induce the apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells,while increase the cell vitality and MMP.During the damage process,the expresion levels of TLR-4 and EpCAM are up-regulated.

Objective To investigate the inactivating effect of heat and ultraviolet(UV) light on HCV JFH-1 strain using the cell culture system. Methods The HCV JFH-1 virus stock, with an initial titer of 2.5 × 104 FFU/ml, was exposed in 56℃ water bath or to UV light for varying durations of time for explo-ring their inactivating effects on the virus. The kinetics of virus titer reduction was determined by an indirect immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA). If the cells infected with the exposed virus stock were IFA negative after three blind passages, the virus stock was considered to be inactivated completely. Results After incubation of the HCV JFH-1 virus stock (2.5 × 104 FFU/ml)in 56℃ water bath for 10 min, 20 min and 30 min, the virus titers were reduced to 1.6 × 103 FFU/ml, 3.1 × 102 FFU/ml and 3.3 × 10 FFU/ml, respectively. The exposure of the virus stock to UV light (wavelength 253.7 nm, intensity ≥60 μW/cm2, 30 cm below the UV lamp) for 15 s, 30 s and 45 s resulted in virus fiter reduction to 1.0 × 103 FFU/ml, 1.1 × 102 FFU/ml and 2.7 × 10 FFU/ml, respectively. After 40 min incubation of the virus stock at 56℃, or 1 min exposure to UV light (wavelength 253.7 nm, intensity ≥60 μW/cm2) the virus infectious titer was reduced below the detection limit of IFA, and the IFA was still negative even after three blind passages, indicating that the virus was inactivated completely. Conclusion HCV is sensitive to heat and UV light treatment. For HCV JFH-1 virus stock containing 2.5 × 104 FFU/ml virus, heat treatment at 56℃ for 40 min, or UV light expo-sure at an intensity of ≥60 μW/cm2 for 1 min, resulting in complete virus inactivation.

Objective To explore the relationship between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau-garrisoned soldiers after returning to the plain.Methods A total of 140 plateau-garrisoned soldiers who had returned to the plain were chosen by random cluster sampling and measured with the Training Burnout Test.They were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of acute mountain sickness.We compared the differences in training burnout between the two groups and analyzed the relationship between acute mountain sickness and training burnout. Results ①The incidence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome of plateau-garrisoned soldiers was 80.00% after returning to the plain.There was statistically significant difference between plateau soldiers after returning to the plain,the plateau stability-keeping forces that returned to the plain (78.36%) (χ2 =0.188, P=0.664) and plateau migrants who returned to the plain (75.10%) (χ2 =1.279, P=0.258).Main symptoms of high altitude de-adaptation were fatigue (12.86%), dizziness (11.43%) and meakness (10.00%).②Compared with soldiers who had no high altitude de-adaptation syndrome, victims of de-adaptation syndrome had higher scores of training burnout, physical and psychological exhaustion and training-alienation (P<0.01).Compared with soldiers who had normal body mass indexes, those who were overweight had higher incidence of altitude de-adaptation (P<0.05).③The regression equation between plateau de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain (P<0.01) is:Training burnout =0.498 ×plateau de-adaptation syndrome -0.126 ×age+0.038 ×length of military service +0.069 ×educational degree+0.029 ×body mass index.Conclusion There exist correlations between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain.Reducing the occurrence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome can help reduce the degree of training burnout.

Cerebral Infarction ; etiology ; Dextrocardia ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Spleen ; abnormalities ; Syndrome

RNA silencing is increasingly employed as an experimental strategy to probe for gene function in several organisms. The purpose of the present study was to test the effect of gene silencing by dsRNA in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. GRE3 gene encoding an NADPH-dependent aldose reductase was chosen as an example. A recombinant plasmid psiLENT-GRE3 was constructed based on the pESC-LEU backbone and used to transform S. cerevisiae YPH499. The down regulation of GRE3 gene expression by inducing 1 kb RNA duplex and a 136 bp loop was investigated using reverse transcription- PCR. The results showed that double-stranded RNA mediated gene silencing could be used as a functional tool to decrease the expression level of a specific gene in S. cerevisiae, which would contribute to the understanding of RNA interference in budding yeast.

Previous studies have shown that paeonol can antagonize acute myocardial ischemia and infarction in rat. This study further researched the effects of paeonol on blood pressure and blood flow in the artery of spontaneously hypertensive rats and its mechanisms related on vasomotion. Firstly, thirty spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into spontaneously hypertensive control group and paeonol-treating groups of high dose and low dose, and also, the other ten Wistar rats as healthy control group. Before and after the intraduodenal administration of the drug, arterial blood pressure was measured by carotid artery and blood flow through the renal artery and carotid artery in vivo were measured by animal flowmeter. The same volume of solvent was given to the spontaneously hypertensive control group and the healthy control group, and the other operations were same. In order to further study the effect of paeonol on vasomotor function, the superior mesenteric artery, renal artery and coronary artery of the spontaneously hypertensive rat were removed and separated, precontracted by a certain concentration of potassium chloride (KCl) and 5-serotonin (5-HT) respectively, and dilatory responses were assessed by cumulative addition of paeonol. Results showed that after duodenal one-time delivery of paeonol, the blood pressure significantly lowered, the renal arterial blood flow and the carotid arterial blood flow significantly increased in spontaneously hypertensive rat. And also, paeonol relaxed the mesenteric artery, renal artery and the coronary artery of spontaneously hypertensive rat in a concentration-dependent manner. These results indicated that the effect of paeonol on decreasing arterial blood pressure and increasing the arterial blood flow was related to its vasodilative effect.
Acetophenones ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Regional Blood Flow ; drug effects ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect and mechanism of methyl protodioscin (MPD), an active ingredients of yamogenin, in protecting cardiomyocytes (CMC) against anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury.

METHODSCultured CMCs of neonatal SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, cells in Group A were untreated normal cells, cells in Group B and C were made to injury CMC model by A/R, and only those in Group C were treated with MPD. Levels of ATPase activity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in cell membrane of CMCs were determined. Besides, the mRNA expression of sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) in MPD treated CMCs was detected.

RESULTSAs compared with Group B, the degree of CMC injury was significantly milder and the activities of Na+ -K+ -ATPase and Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATPase were higher in Group C after cells were treated with MPD in concentration of 10 microg/mL and 50 microg/mL. The mRNA expression of NCX in CMCs was down-regulated after MPD treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMPD could maintain the low calcium internal environment in CMCs by way of protecting the membranous function of Na+ -pump and Ca2+ -pump, and influencing the Ca2+ transmembrane transportation in CMCs.

Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Diosgenin ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxygen ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the sensitization effect of polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 80 contained Houttuynia cordata Injection in different concentrations on Beagle.

METHODSBeagles, a kind of animal highly sensitive to sensitizing agents, were randomly divided into 18 groups, 3 in each group. They received respectively the intravenous infusion of polysorbate 80 made by different factories in different concentrations (0.25%, 0.10%, 0.05%), and Houttuynia cordata Injection containing polysorbate 80 in concentration of 0.25% or 0.30%, with the constant infusing speed of 5 mL/min and volume of 10 mL/kg. Changes of animals' condition were observed before infusion and in the 24 h after infusion, time of symptom appearance and disappearance was recorded, and the grade of response was determined. Moreover, blood samples of animals were collected before infusion and 10 min after ending infusion for measuring histamine content in plasma using ELISA. Then the sensitization effect was comprehensively estimated by combined consideration of the responding grade and histamine level.

RESULTSNo typical symptom of anaphylactoid reaction and over 1-fold increase of histamine level was found in all groups that received intravenous infusion of polysorbate 80 or polysorbate 80 contained Houttuynia cordata Injection in different concentrations. Estimation showed that all test solutions didn't induce typical anaphylactoid reaction on Beagle.

CONCLUSIONSConsidering both the appearance of symptoms and the elevation of blood content of histamine could be taken as the criteria for comprehensive diagnosis of anaphylactoid reactions. The solubilization effect and safety (for foreclose anaphylactoid reaction) of polysorbate 80 could be ensured by controlling its quality and concentration below 0.25% or 0.30%.

Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; Animals ; Dogs ; Houttuynia ; adverse effects ; Injections ; Polysorbates ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects