Objective　To observe the change of lipidemia and lipoprotein in wistar rats with fluorosis.Methods　14 wistar rats were fed normal food with hyper concentration of NaF water (100 mg/L) for six months,the TC,TG,HDL-c,LDL-c,APO AI APO B and AI,R-CHE were measured in serum.Results　The result show that there are an increace of T C,TG,HDL-c,LDL-c,APO AI，APO B and AI,R-CHD compared with normal rats (P <0.05).Conclusions　The result indicate that the fluorosis can increase the lipidemia and lipoprotein in rats with fluorosis and lead to athero selerosis.

AIM: To evaluate the safety, efficacy and stability of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens ( ICL ) implanation and clear lens extraction for the correction of high myopia.
METHODS: The study enrolled 56 cases ( 100 eyes ) of high myopia. Group I comprised 32 cases ( 58 eyes ) receiving ICL implantation and Group II comprised 24 cases (42 eyes) undergoing clear lens extraction. In this study, we evaluated the two groups of subject's the visual and refractive results, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) , endothelial cell density ( ECD ) , anterior chamber depth ( ACD) , lens transparency, the surgical complications as well as visual adverse symptoms before and after surgery.
RESULTS: The postoperative subjects in group I and group II were followed, uncorrected vision acuity ( UCVA)>0. 5 were 69. 0% in group I and 71. 4% in group II after 3mo. UCVA>0. 5 were 72. 4% in group I and 73. 8% in group II after 1a. Predictability of the manifest spherical equivalent refraction within±1. 00D was achieved in 62. 1%of eyes in group I and 57. 1% in group II after 1a. The central vault of the ICL ( distance from posterior surface of ICL to the crystalline lens ) measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography ( AS-OCT ) was 0. 35-0. 54 (0. 40±0. 16) mm. Twelve point one percent of eyes in group I and 7. 1% of eyes in group II had transient mild increase in IOP. Here were statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative ECD (P<0. 001 ). Complications of surgery: 1 eye had ICL spontaneous rotation, 2 eyes had anterior subcapsular cataract, 4 eyes noticed halos around lights at night in group I. Three eyes had posterior capsule mild opacification, 3 eyes noticed halos around lights at night, 12 eyes had difficulty in near vision in group II.
CONCLUSION: ICL implantation and clear lens extraction are effective, safe and predictable surgical option for the management of high myopia. No severe complications occurred, but its long time effect and safety still need more time to prove.

OBJECTIVETo seek the effective treatment for peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs.

METHODSSixty-four cases of peripheral neuropathy induced by Paclitaxel or Oxaliplatin were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 32 cases in each group. The acupuncture group was treated with therapeutic principle of dredging meridians and collaterals, tonifying qi and eliminating blood stasis, supplementing liver and kidney, nourishing blood and tendon. Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Qihai (CV 6) and Quchi (LI 11) etc. were selected. The medication group was treated with intramuscular injection of Cobamamide. The neurotoxicity of two groups was compared with questionnaire of peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate for sensory nerve disorder of acupuncture group was 66.7% (20/30), which was superior to that of 40.0% (12/30) in medication group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture is more effective than Cobamamide for treatment of peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, especially for moderate and severe sensory nerve disorder induced by paclitaxel.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; adverse effects ; Paclitaxel ; adverse effects ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; chemically induced ; therapy

Objective To construct PPAR?and PPAR?response element (PPRE)-controlled luciferase expression vectors,and to determine whether the traditional Chinese medicine emodin activates PPAR?and improves the glucose uptake by HepG2 hepatocytes.Methods (1) PPAR?and PPRE luciferase expression vectors were constructed and were applied to screen more than 20 ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine. (2) HepG2 cells were incubated with emodin which can activate PPAR?and PPRE luciferase activity,and the PPAR?mRNA expression level was evaluated by RT-PCR/Southern blot.(3) PPAR?and glucose transporter 2 (Glut2) proteins were determined by Western blot analysis in HepG2 cells treated with emodin.(4) The glucose uptake rate was measured using 2-deoxy-[~3H]-D-glucose in HepG2 cells after treatment with emodin.Results (1) Emodin stimulated luciferase activity controlled by PPRE in dose-dependent manner at concentrations of 0.04 to 180?mol/L in COS-7 cells.The highest value was about 4 folds of control in the cells treated with 90?mol/L emodin (P

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of alcohol on the liver sinusoids endothelial cell (LSEC) fenestrae of rats.

METHODSSetting up the rat model of alcoholic liver disease by orogastric administration of alcohol, then kill the experimental and control groups of rats at the end of 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after alcohol feeding, and also at the end of another 12 weeks after balance foods feeding succeeding with alcohol feeding for 12 weeks. Staining the liver tissue by means of HE method and observing the successive change of LSEC fenestrae by transmission electron microscope.

RESULTSThe normal LSEC was flat with nucleus and organelle arranged regularly. The distal cytoplasm displayed as lamina with many fenestrae, not accompanied by basement membrane (BM) formation under the endothelial cell. At the end of 4 weeks of alcohol feeding, fenestrae decreased at the partial distal LSEC cytoplasm, but no BM developed. At the end of 8 weeks, fenestrae decreased significantly, even disappeared, with the BM developed incompletely under the endothelial cell. Concomitantly, fibroblast with active function developed. At the end of 12 weeks, the changes became more obvious; the complete BM could even be seen. However, this kind of changes was mostly limited in the single or adjoining sinusoids, as well as with little widespread formation of fibrosis. At the end of 12 weeks of stopping alcohol feeding, defenestrae and development of BM attenuated obviously.

CONCLUSIONThe defenestrae and BM of LSEC develop gradually with the chronic alcohol stimulation. Sinusoid capillarization and liver fibrosis even form when significant changes happen. The early change of the limited defenestrae and capillarization may be the basis of alcohol periportal fibrosis formation. This kind of liver fibrosis can be reversible after stopping alcohol feeding.

Animals ; Basement Membrane ; pathology ; Endothelium ; drug effects ; pathology ; Ethanol ; Liver ; blood supply ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; pathology ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the fully automated ORTHO AutoVue Innova system, which based on the microcolumn glass sphere technology, is accurate enough to meet immunohematology testing needs at blood banks. 16 IgM anti-C, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E and anti-e dilution series were tested respectively, with corresponding antigen positive red blood cell solutions, by ORTHO AutoVue Innova system and saline medium test. 16 IgG anti-D dilution series were tested respectively with RhD positive red blood cell solutions by ORTHO AutoVue Innova system, polybrene test and antiglobulin test. The accuracies of microcolumn glass sphere technology were analysed, by comparing to the reference assays. The results showed that the sensitivities of the ORTHO AutoVue Innova tests were 1:69.8, 1:33.4, 1:1448.1, 1:139.6 and 1:32.0 for IgM anti-C, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E and anti-e respectively; the corresponding value of saline medium tests were 1:16.7, 1:16.6, 1:430.5, 1:34.9 and 1:9.9. There were statistically significant differences between the groups of each tests (t values were 14.38, 5.48, 10.25, 12.65 and 9.59 for IgM anti-C, anti-c, anti-D, anti-E and anti-e respectively, p < 0.05). For IgG anti-D, the sensitivities of the ORTHO AutoVue Innova test, polybrene test and antiglobulin test were 1:980.6, 1:181.0 and 1:304.4 respectively. There was statistically significant difference among the 3 groups (F = 51.15, p < 0.01). It is concluded the use of ORTHO AutoVue Innova system for blood group compatibility test can obtain more accurate results than traditional tube tests, it is reliable and safe for routine tests performed in immunohematology laboratories.
Blood Grouping and Crossmatching ; methods ; Coombs Test ; methods ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; blood ; Materials Testing ; Rho(D) Immune Globulin ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The purpose of this study is to investigate the transdermal delivery characteristics of Gentiana macrophylla complex components system through different parts of the skin under micro-needles conditions. Two-chamber diffusion cells were used, different parts of isolated skin and micro-needle pretreated isolated mouse skin were applied separately, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) similarity evaluation methods were used to evaluate transdermal delivery characteristics of Gentiana macrophylla complex components system on receiving pool and the permeation rate and penetration amount of Gentiopicroside at different parts of mouse skin. In the 24 h, the similarity between receiving fluid which was on passive transdermal delivery and micro-needle transdermal delivery conditions and original fluid were ranged from 83.0% to 98.9%; By the micro-needle pretreatment with different parts of the mouse skin, the time that Gentiana macrophylla complex components system though abdominal skin to the receiving fluid which reached 90% similarity compared with that of original fluid was 4 h, which was 18 h at back skin and 12 h at neck skin separately. Micro-needles can be used as the ideal ingredients for traditional Chinese medicine complex transdermal delivery; transdermal absorption time delay could be greatly reduced and its bioavailability was improved. The permeation rate and similarity to original liquid of Chinese medicine complex components increased significantly in the abdominal skin relative to the neck and back skin under micro-needle conditions.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Gentiana ; chemistry ; Iridoid Glucosides ; pharmacokinetics ; Mice ; Needles ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Skin Absorption

Heat shock protein gp96 isolated from tumor tissues holds great promise for tumor immunotherapy. However, at present only very limited amount of gp96 protein can be isolated from tumor tissues. Here, we reconstituted the yeast-expressed gp96 (recombinant gp96, rgp96) with B16.F10 melanoma antigens in vitro to prepare new gp96 tumor vaccine on large-scale, and analyzed its induction of specific anti-tumor immunoresponses by ELISPOT, IFN-gamma intracellular staining and cytotoxicity assays. Immunization with rgp96-tumor antigen complexes significantly inhibited B16 tumor growth compared with either rgp96 or tumor antigens alone and led to enhancement of tumor-specific T-cell activities, which was found similar to that of tumor tissue derived gp96. Our results therefore may provide bases for large-scale preparation of the new generation of gp96 tumor vaccines.
Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Melanoma, Experimental ; therapy ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Skin Neoplasms ; therapy ; Yeasts ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the role of interleukin (IL) 21 alone, IL12 alone, and IL21 plus IL12 for inducing the antitumor activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with endometrial cancer.

METHODSPBMCs were isolated from peripheral blood in patients with endometrial cancer in vitro, and kept the culture with low-level IL2. IL2-stimulated PBMCs were cocultured under different conditions (with anti-IL21 antibody, IL21 alone, IL12 alone, or IL21 plus IL12) for 72 h. The cytotoxicity of PBMCs was then examined by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) released assay. CD4(+) CD25(+) FOXP3(+) regulatory (Treg) cell and CD4(+) IL17A(+) T-helper (Th17) cell proportion were determined with flow cytometry. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay and flow cytometry, respectively.

RESULTSIn comparison to control group, both IL21 and IL12 significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of PBMCs. The IL21 plus IL12 group had superior effect to IL21 alone and IL12 alone. IL21 and IL12 significantly decreased the percentages of Treg cells and the rate of PBMCs apoptosis. IL21 or IL12 had no significant effect on the differentiation of Th17 cells and the proliferation of PBMCs.

CONCLUSIONSIL21 and IL12 can enhance the cytotoxicity of PBMCs in patients with endometrial cancer, which can be further strengthened with treatment of IL21 plus IL12. Such effects may be achieved by inhibiting the differentiation of Treg cells and the apoptosis of PBMCs, but not by the differentiation of Th17 cell.

Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; pharmacology ; Interleukins ; pharmacology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; drug effects ; immunology ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical characteristics, EEG changes and therapeutic response of benign infantile epilepsy and to study the early diagnostic methods.

METHODSClinical observation and Video-EEG monitoring were carried out in babies with convulsions at 3 - 24 months of age. In these children, febrile convulsion, symptomatic epilepsies and developmental abnormalities were excluded, and the therapeutic effect and long-term outcome were followed up.

RESULTSForty-two babies were diagnosed to have benign infantile epilepsy by two-year follow-up. Three of them had familial history of benign infantile convulsions. Nineteen percent had mild diarrhea during the onset of convulsions, cluster seizures occurred during a short period in 67% of cases and no status epilepticus occurred. Video-EEG monitoring confirmed seizures originating from temporal, occipital or multifocal areas separately in 3 patients with partial seizures. Interictal EEG background was normal and there were Rolandic small spikes during sleep in 24% of patients. Thirty-nine patients were treated with single antiepileptic drugs and the mean treatment course was 9 months. Three cases did not take medicine. All the patients were seizure free within a year.

CONCLUSIONBenign infantile epilepsy should be considered when the following characteristics occur in early stage of the disease: (1) convulsions occurring between 3 to 12 month of age and not later than 24 months of age with or without familial history of benign infantile convulsion; (2) normal psychomotor development before and after convulsion occurs; (3) no evoked factors or only mild diarrhea; (4) majority of cases have partial seizures, or secondary generalized seizures. There are often cluster convulsions during the onset stage, but no status epilepticus; (5) normal EEG background and there may be Rolandic small spikes during sleep; (6) normal neuroimaging.

Anticonvulsants ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsies, Myoclonic ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Treatment Outcome