Objective To observe the effect of monochromatic infrared energy(MIRE)on diabetic periphe- ral neuropathy(DPN).Methods Seventy-four subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who were tested by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments(SWM)were randomized into 2 groups:a conventional management group and a conventional management plus MIRE group.Then the patients'sensory function and other DPN symptoms were evalu- ated by the SWME and the score of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument.Results After treatments,there was a decrease(P＜0.01)in the number of the sites insensitive to SWME(grade 5.07),and MNSI scores were sig- nificantly decreased(P＜0.01).The MIRE management was more effective than conventional management.Con- clusion Monochromatic infrared energy is perhaps a safe,non-pharmaceutical and non-invasive method for the treat- ment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Bis-(3′,5′) cyclic di-guanylate (c-di-GMP) is an almost ubiquitous intracellular second messenger in bacteria.Now it is known to regulate complex physiological processes, including mobility, adhesion, virulence and biofilm formation.The level of c-di-GMP is regulated by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) containing GGDEF domains and phosphodiesterases (PDEs) containing EAL or HD-GYP domains.Recent studies have demonstrated that HD-GYP domain protein is a novel phosphodiesterase, which is also involved in the regulation of c-di-GMP degradation.This review highlights recent advances in the structure and biochemical functions of HD-GYP domain proteins, which might help to further clarify the mechanism of c-di-GMP signal system.

Objective To analyze causes for postoperative fixation-related complications of femoral in- tertrochanteric fractures treated with dynamic hip screws(DHS)and dynamic condylar screws(DCS).Methods From January 1995 to December 2004,215 cases of intertrochanteric fracture were treated with DHS/DCS.Their postoperative fixation-related complications were analyzed to find out the causes.Results All cases were followed up for 13 to 72 months(mean,32 months).The rate of excellent and good functional recovery of hip was 94.0%. Postoperative internal-fixation-related complications occurred in 31 cases,including hip varus in 14 cases who had posterior intertrochanteric fragments,delayed union of fracture in 12 cases who had fractured calcar and lesser trochanter and massive dissection of soft tissues,and cutting-out of lag screws in five cases,three of whom had to receive prosthetic replacement.Conclusions Unsuitable implant selection is an important factor leading to postoperative fixation-related complications.Unstable fracture,serious osteoporosis and unsatisfactory reduction will increase the incidence of complications.

OBJECTIVE: To study the application of Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm in optimization of micro-extraction technology of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. METHODS: Sub-target model of extraction rate, schizandrin and the total lignan was established based on micro-extraction Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus experimental data resulted from uniform design. Applying MOGA, the optimal extracting conditions were explored, and the results were compared with those of Single-objective genetic algorithm. Using SGALAB beta5008 of the Matlab2009a plug-in tool-box, the genetic algorithm optimization was achieved. SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The optimal conditions were as follows; microwave power 270 W, ethanol 87%, extraction time 7 min, ethanol amount 1:4.5, grinding degree 70. Under these conditions, the extract rate was 21.40%, Schizandrin recovery was 4.72%, and the total lignan recovery was 10.84%. CONCLUSION: MOGA provides a reasonable pareto ensuring the optimal multi-objective, which provides a reasonable method for extraction of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. This method can be applied in the selection of extraction technology of other drugs. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

AIM: To compare the clinical results of suture method and partial eyelash resection treating for pediatric eyelid trichiasis, and screen an effective method for the treatment of pediatric lower eyelid trichiasis.
METHODS: Fifty-six cases of pediatric patients with lower eyelid trichiasis were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group in accordance with the method of drawing lots, and each group was 28 cases. The control group was treated with suture method, and the observation group was treated with partial eyelash resection. The clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction before and after treatment, and the incidence of complications were compared.
RESULTS:(1) The clinically total effective rate was 74%of the control group, which was 89% of the observation group, and there were statistical differences of the clinical efficacy between the two groups ( P<0. 05 ); ( 2 ) the satisfaction scores were (3. 89±1. 22) points and (6. 27±1-86) points of the the control group before and after treatment, which were ( 4. 00±1. 34 ) points and ( 8-95±2-34) points of the observation group, and there were statistical differences of the two groups before and after treatment (P<0. 05), and the scores of the observation group were higher than that of the control group ( P<0-05);(3) complications such as swelling and stitches off appeared in both groups, and the rate was 21% in the control group, which was 11% in the observation group, and there were statistical differences between the two groups (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The treatment of children with lower eyelid trichiasis, suture method is simple and can be performed under local anesthesia in collaboration with children, but with a higher relapse rate, some patients required reoperation;partial resection of eyelashes can be more thoroughly solve the problem of pediatric eyelid trichiasis with low recurrence rate, but children need to be under general anesthesia with some of big risk. So partial resection of eyelashes is unsuitable for using in clinical practice widely and can be used in special cases.

Objective To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal pulmonary atresia.Methods The data of echocardiography in 7 fetus with pulmonary atresia confirmed by autopsy were analysed retrospectively,the characteristics of abnormal ultrasound imaging were summarized.Results The dysplastic main pulmonary had been detected only in one fetus by two-dimensional echocardiography,five cases were shown ventricular septal defect with straddle of aortic root on the ventricular septum,two cases with intact ventricular septum had hypoplasis of right heart.Color Doppler flow imaging showed the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus in 5 cases and tricuspid regurgitation in 3 cases.Five cases were diagnosed pulmonary atresia,one case was hypoplasia of right heart,and one case was mistaken for persistent truncus arteriosus.Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of tetal pulmonary atresia has great clinical value,the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus is an important clue to diagnosis.

The therapeutic effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs in treating osteoporosis have become the focus under study. Pharmacological studies have shown that traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs are promoters for the proliferation of osteoblasts, inhibitors for the activity of osteoclasts, regulators for the estrogen level and its receptor, plays important roles in promoting osteogenesis and suppressing adipogenesis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), modulating the function of OPG/RANK/RANKL system and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, as well as antioxidation. The anti-osteoporotic active ingredients and pharmacological action mechanism of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs are summarized from the perspective of molecular and cell biology in this paper, so as to provide references for the study of their mechanism of anti-osteoporosis and for the development of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying and bone-strengthening drugs.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To evaluate the role of combination of three-vessel views in ultrasound diagnosis of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies.Methods The data of 66 cases of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies were retrospectively analysed,including echocardiographic data,autopsy and operation records and postnatal follow-up results.Echocardiogaphic features and display frequencies on three vessels and trachea view(3VT),three vessels view(3VV)and three vessels and pulmonary arterial branches view(3VP)were summarized.Results There were 52 cases of aortic arch abnormalities,including 32 cases of right aortic arch with left ductus arteriosus,4 cases of double aortic arch,7 cases of aberrant right subclavian artery,6 cases of coarctation of aorta and 3 cases of interruption of aortic arch.Fourteen cases were diagnosed pulmonary aterial branch abnormalities,including 1 0 cases of crossed pulmonary arteries,2 cases of anomalous origin of left pulmonary artery from aortic arch and 2 cases of pulmonary artery sling.The display frequencies of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies on 3VT,3VV and 3VP were 80.3%,19.7% and 39.4%.Conclusions The combination of three-vessel views is of great value in prenatal diagnosis of fetal aortic arch and pulmonary arterial branch anomalies.

Objective To evaluate prognostic significance of early lactate clearance rate for cardiogenic shock patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO).Methods Forty-seven patients with cardiogenic shock supported by venoarterial ECMO were prospectively enrolled from May 2010 to May 2013.Arterial blood lactate at pre-ECMO support(0 h),at post-ECMO 6 hours(6 h) were measured and then 6 h lactate clearance rate was calculated.90 days after admission was the endpoint of research.Patients were divided into the survival group(n =25) and the death group(n =22).6 h lactate clearance rate was compared between groups.The 6 h lactate clearance rate for predicting death was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves.The surviving curve was drawn using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival of the patients was analyzed by the Log-rank test.Factors influencing the prognosis were analyzed by applying the multiplelogistic regression analysis.Results The 6 h lactate clearance rate was higher in survivors than in nonsurvivors [(38.6 ± 15.1) ％ vs.(14.4 ± 13.8) ％,P ＜ 0.05].The area under the ROC curve of 6 h lactate clearance rate for predicting death was 0.869 ± 0.075 (95％ CI:0.753-0.991).The best cutoff point was 20.0％ with a sensitivity of 92.0％ and specificity of 85.0％.KaplanMeier survival analysis showed that 90 days survival rate of high lactate clearance rate group and low lactate clearance rate group were 66.7％ and 35.0％,with significant difference between the two groups(Log-rank test,P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 6 h lactate clearance rate (OR =3.156,95 ％ CI:2.326-7.253,P ＜ 0.05) was one of the independent risk factors associated with mortality of patients on ECMO.Conclusion Early lactate clearance rate could be used as an important maker for evaluating the prognosis of cardiogenic shock patients on ECMO.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevailing strains of pathogens of hospital acquired infections in ICU and their drug-resistances in order to provide treatment basis for critical and severe patients in fighting against infection.METHODS A retrospective investigation analysis was made for all the isolated bacteria as well as their drug-resistance in our hospital from Jan 2000 to Dec 2005.RESULTS Totally 869 bacterial strains were isolated which included 666 strains of G-bacteria(74.3%),and 230 strains of G+bacteria(25.7%).The G-bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniase,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,etc,which were isolated mainly from respiratory tract.The G+ bacteria consisted of Staphylococcus and Enterococcus.Staphylococcus were mainly isolated from respiratory tract and Enterococcus from urinary tract.Bacteria were highly resistant to commonly used antimicrobials and demonstrated multi-drug resistance.The isolated rate of G+bacteria and drug resistance of G-bacteria to the commonly used antibiotics was increasing yearly.CONCLUSIONS The pathogens are mainly isolated from respiratory tract and the most are G-strains and multi-drug-resistant.The selection and use of antibiotics should be based on the results of drug-sensitivity tests.