Objective To discuss the advantages of combined use of intravenous indwelling needle and infusion connector joint.Methods 120 cases of children in our hospital receiving chemotherapy through intravenous infusion were randomized into the control group and the experimental group with 60 cases in each group.The control group used heparin cap,after each infusion was completed,with 12.SU/ml 3～5ml of heparin saline pulse-type sealing.The experimental group adopted infusion connector joint,after the infusion completed,3～5 ml normal saline was injected into the joint to flush the blessing sealed tube.The complications rate was calculated in two groups.Results The experimental group and the control group showed differences in the incidence of complications and the patients' approval to nurses.Conclusions Combination of intravenous indwelling needle and infusion connector joint can reduce the complications significantly,and improve patients' approval to nurses.

Obfectives:The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of different early enteral nutrition formula (containing either MCT/LCT or LCT only) on improving nutritional status of burned patients. Methods:This was a prospective,randomized,single blind and controlled study.Thirty cases of burned patients injured by varous causes with total burn surface area (TBSA) more than 30% were collected and randomized into two groups:①Group F:enteral feeding with Fresubin 750 MCT containing MCT/LCT as fat source,②Group N:enteral feeding with Nutrison,containing only LCT as fat source.All of the thirty patients received isocaloric,isonitrogenous,and isolipidic enteral feeding,with intragastric tube and enteral feeding pump,started within 24 h postburn.The several parameters were observed on postburn day(PBD) 1,4,7 and 10,such as serum concentrations of transferrin and prealbumin and plasma concentrations of prostaglandin E 2(PGE 2) and insulin.Nitrogen in urine per day and excretion of 3 methylhistidine in urine on day 1,7 and 10 postburn were determined. Results:The results showed that the patients of F group had an increased blood concentration of transferrin,prealbumin and insulin,and a decreased plasma concentration of PGE 2.Excretion of nitrogen and 3 methylhistidine in urine was also markedly reduced in patients fed with nutrients containing MCT/LCT compared with LCT. Conclusions :We have shown that an enteral diet containing MCT/LCT can improve the nutrition status of burned patients more effectively.

Objective To explore ladder and compensation system of nurse-staffing which is suitable for the situation of our country.Methods The ladder management and compensation system to nursestaffing of National Health Service (NHS) in UK were given detailed introduction and analysis through the official documents,references and personal study experiences,and summarize its scientific and referenced aspects.Results NHS has formed a set of mature competency-based ladder system,and linked the ladder system to compensation system,made a relative scientific performance appraisal system,realized the scientific competency matches the level,salary changes along with the level model.Conclusions It provides references and thinking to the in-depth reform of public hospitals in our country,and the development of high quality nursing service,as well as the implementation of nursing ladder management and compensation reform.

AIM:To observe the effects of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on thioltransferase (TTase) expression and activity in human lens epithelial cells.
METHODS: Human lens epithelial cells B3 ( HLE B3 ) were treated with 1. 5mg/mL AGEs - BSA as the experimental groups cultured by fetal bovine serum of volume fraction 10% dulbecco modified eagle medium ( DMEM) and bovine serum albumin ( BSA) was added at the same concentrations as the negative control. The level of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) was evaluated. Cells were collected at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4d and total RNA or protein was extracted. TTase mRNA levels were detected by qRT-RCR. TTase expression was detected by Western blot and its activity was measured.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, AGEs-BSA up-regulated the expression of ROS (P<0. 01), ROS content increased in a time-dependent manner. BSA had no effects on ROS expression. The expression of TTase increased after treatment with AGEs-BSA for 1d, peaked at 2d (nearly 5. 06-fold increase, P<0. 01), then decreased gradually. No change was observed between BSA and control group (P>0. 05). Similarly, TTase activity peaked at 3d (nearly 2. 01-fold increase, P<0. 01). Western blot test found that TTase protein expression was increased
gradually, starting from the 3d TTase expression was reflected that there was statistically significant difference compared with control group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:AGEs-BSA significantly increases the production of ROS in human lens epithelial cells, and it then induces the oxidative stress which may promote the expression of TTase and enhances the activity of TTase.

Objective: To study the correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features with the tumor nuclear DNA contents, and evaluate the biological behavior and proliferative potential of meningiomas using MRI. Methods: The DNA contents and the incidence of aneuploid of 45 patients with meningiomas were measured by means of photodensity method with image cytometry. The data were compared with MR findings for the statistical correlation analysis. Results: Tumors with the presence of peritumoral edema, irregular tumor shape, and ambiguous brain-tumor border had remarkable difference in DNA contents compared with those with negative peritumoral edema, smooth tumor shape, and clear brain-tumor border (P < 0.01). Using Spearman' s correlation coefficient analysis, we found a significant correlation (r = 0.696, P = 0.000) between three of MRI scores calculated for each patient and DNA contents. Conclusion: DNA contents and the incidence of aneuploid are higher in the tumors with the presence of peritumoral edema, irregular tumor shape, and ambiguous brain-tumor border. All of the imaging appearances can be used to estimate the proliferation potency and malignant biological behavior of the meningiomas.

Objective:To study the relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)and preterm birth.Methods:A case-control study was conducted in Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hos-pital in Beijing from January to April in 201 3.This study contained 1 74 preterm births in the case group and 382 term deliveries in the control group.The height,pre-pregnancy body weight,body weight before delivery,gestational weeks,history of diseases,family history of diseases,and complications during pregnancy of the subjects were collected.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CI)after adjustment by maternal age,education,smoke during pregnancy,primiparous,mean income,and mean family living space.Results:After analyzing the rele-vant risk factors of preterm birth,the multivariate Logistic regression showed that pre-pregnancy obesity was a risk factor for preterm birth,the adjusted odds ratio was 2.461 (95% CI:1 .1 74 -5.1 59,P =0.01 7).The associations between pre-pregnancy overweight and preterm birth or pre-pregnancy under-weight and preterm birth were not found.The gestational diabetes mellitus,pregnancy-induced hyperten-sion,and family history of preterm birth were risk factors for preterm birth,the adjusted odds ratios were 1 .781 (95% CI:1 .025 -3.095,P =0.040),3.831 (95% CI:2.044 -7.1 80,P <0.001 ),and 3.675 (95% CI:1 .358 -9.942,P =0.01 0),respectively.Conclusion:Pre-pregnancy obesity ap-peared to be a risk factor for preterm birth.To decrease the incidence of preterm birth,women should improve preconception care and keep their BMI in a normal range before pregnancy.

Rhamnolipid,an important biosurfactant,is reviewed with respect to chemical strocture,properties,physiological role and their fermentation production,especially focusing on the production with inexpensive raw materials,such as vegetable oils and residues from agro- industrial wastes.This can not only reduce the production costs,but also contribute to the reduction of environmental impact generated by the discard of residues,and the treatment costs.

Microbes are important composition of ecology system. Nowadays it's very important to study the microbial diversity and community structure, especially in water bioremediation by microbiological resources. Modern molecular biology techniques provide effective methods to study the microbial ecosystem in aqua. Several techniques were summarized, including 16S rDNA clone library, DGGE (Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis), RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) and T-RFLP (Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), while their application to analyze water microbial diversity were introduced.

Baseline shift has severe effects on the analysis and processing of ECG. Filter and baseline polynomial-fitting are the main methods for removing baseline interference. This paper discussed the filtering ways of morphology filter,median filter,Linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) filter,wavelet transform,morphology and wavelet combined method,median filter and wavelet combined method,comparing with the approach of baseline polynomial fitted way which composed of differential method and coordinates method. Experimental results showed that the poly-fitting approach are more efficient,had certain adaptive quality and little distortion,while filter ways were easy to implement but not accurate enough. As for real time and accuracy,polynomial fitted way has an advantage over filtering ways. Under the circumstances of having great difficulty in extracting baseline points,it is more appropriate to use filter ways to eliminate baseline wandering. This paper compared the methods in common use for suppressing baseline wander so as to help users to choose the proper way.

Objective To analyze the effects of routine early amniotomy on labor and health status of foetus and neonate. Methods The results of “Early amniotomy increases the frequency of fetal heart rate abnormalities, A randomized controlled trial of early amniotomy, Effect of early amniotomy on the risk of dystocia in nulliparous women, The influence of elective amniotomy on fetal heart rate patterns and the course of labor in term patients: A randomized study, Randomised trial comparing a policy of early with selective amniotomy in uncomplicated labour at term and A randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis of active management of labour were analyzed using Mantel-Haenszel method (fixed effect model) in meta-analysis. Results (1) The routine early amniotomy can shorten 94.90 min of the first stage of labor, 95% CI (-119.17,-70.52). (2) The OR for cesarean section was 1.25,95%CI (0.99-1.57),for instrumental vaginal delivery was 1.05, 95% CI (0.90-1.24). (3) There was no difference in abnormal fetal heart rate at first stage (OR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.75-1.21), but there was increased abnormal fetal heart rate at second stage(OR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.02-1.61). (4) The frequency of stained amniotic fluid and abnormal Apgar scores at 1 minute was not different significantly [ OR=1.17,95% CI (0.78-1.73);OR=0.71,95%CI: (0.49-1.03)]. Conclusions Routine early amniotomy appears to be associated with both benefits and risks. Beneficial effects include reductions in labor duration and possible decrease in frequency of abnormal Apgar score at one minute. Risks include increase in abnormal fetal heart rate at second stage and possible rise in cesarean section rate.