Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Myoclonus ; diagnosis ; Tics ; diagnosis

Through the research and practice of computer basic course at medical colleges, the paper summarizes the experience of using modern technical means, to reform the traditional teaching ideas, teaching methods, teaching means and teaching management, to diversify teaching resources sharing. It also analyzes the shortcomings and makes recommendations to further strengthen the course development.

Objective TostudytheextrahepaticinfectionandreplicationofhepatitisCvirusinthe patientswithhepatitisC .Methods HCVRNA ,intermediateofHCVreplication(minus strandofHCV RNA) ,andHCVantigensweredetectedbyreverse transcriptasepolymerasechainreaction(RT PCR) ,in situhybridization(ISH)andimmunohistochemistryin 38autopsyextrahepatictissuespecimens(including kidney ,heart,pancreas ,intestine ,adrenalgland ,spleen ,lymphnode,andgallbladder)from 9hepatitisC patients.Results ByRT PCR ,all 9patientswerepositiveforHCVRNAinkidney ,heart ,pancreas , andintestine .However,only 6 (6 6 .7% ) patientswerepositiveforintermediateofHCVreplication .The positiveratesofHCVRNAandHCVantigensinextrahepaticorgansotherthanspleenwere 5 5 .6 % (5 pa tients)and 6 6 .7% (6 patients)respectively .HCVRNAandHCVantigenswerepositiveinthefollowing cells:myocardialcells,epithelialcellsofintestine ,interstitialcellsofkidney ,epithelialcellsoftubulesand glomerulus ,pancreasacinarcellsandepithelialcellsofpancreaticduct,epithelialcellsofmucousmembrane sinusofgallbladder ,cortexandmedullacellsinadrenalgland ,andmononuclearcellsinlymphnode .Con clusion TheseresultsshowthatHCVreplicationexistsinvariousextraheptictissuecellsatlow level, whichmayhavecertainpathogeneticandclinicalsignificanceinthepatientswithHCVinfection .

Objective:To prepare and identify the monoclonal antibody against hPPAR?2.Methods:cDNA of hPPAR?2 was obtained from pMD18-T/hPPAR?2.hPPAR?2 was expressed in prokaryocyte and purified successfully.The anti-hPPAR?2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 1B4,3H2,3H10,10D6 and 10D8 were produced by immunization with purified hPPAR?2.The specificity of the antibodies was identified by ELISA,Western blot assay and immunocytochemistry.Results:Five novel murine monoclonal antibodies only against hPPAR?2 were harvested,and they were all specific to hPPAR?2.Conclusion:The antibodies obtained provide more useful tools for following research and settling the basis for screening new drugs and mechanism.

Objective To investigate the negative effect of cigaratte smoking on periodontal theraphy. Mothods 84 patients with periodontopathy were selected and divided into two groups. The smoking group (group A) included 33 patients and the non-smoking group (group B) included 51 patients. All the patients received a systematic treatment. The effects of the treatment between different groups were compared through the debris index(DI),calculus index(CI),periodotal disease index(PDI) which were respectively recorded before and after treatment.Results After the treatment the DI,CI,PDI of two groups were all decreased; wheras compared with group A, every index of group B was significantly lower. Conclusions Somking seriously influences the effect of periodontal therapy. Therefore, to give up smoking is very important for preventing and treating periodontopathy.

Objective To explore coping strategies and influence factors in primary glaucoma patients through describing characteristics of their coping strategies.Methods From November 2007 to June 2008,data were collected from 120 primary glaucoma patients in three hospitals in Guangzhou and Shenzhen.The final sample consisted of 100 patients and the data underwent analysis.Results Among different coping styles of primary glaucoma patients,facing was lower than norm,avoiding and yielding were higher than norm.The factors related to coping style were age,different cohabitant,different economic condition,different occupation,different educational level and health payment mode.Conclusions Primary glaucoma patients usually took avoiding or yielding coping styles.Nurses should help patients with low income and education background to face the disease positively.Besides,fully consideration should be given to patients with different age,at the same time,marriage and family support should also exert active function.

Using the high efficient copper-adsorbing yeast strain Y17 as absorbing material, the major affect factors including pH, original concentration of Cu2+, cell biomass, adsorption time and temperature were examined, and then the absorbing sites of the Y17 was determined. The results showed that the solution pH was the most dominate factor which affected the biosorption of Cu2+, the other affecting factors were the ini- tial concentration of Cu2+, the cell biomass added, and adsorption time, respectively; the temperature had lit- tle effect on the rate of biosorption. The orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal absorption condition was as follow: the solution pH was 5.0, the absorption time was 40 min, the cell biomass of Y17 added was 5.0 g/L, and the concentration of Cu2+ was 8 mmol/L; the highest adsorbing rate was up to 82.7% at this condition. Based on the results of different pretreatments and the desorption of Cu2+, the cell wall of Y17 was identified as the main place occurring boisorption process, and the -NH2 group, -COOH group on the surface of the yeast cells played an important role on the boisorption process.

Objective:To study the social psychology of people when facing severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS),a sudden social crisis.Methods:Using the social psychological methods,we analyzed the manifestations,causes and hazards of the public fear derived from the outbreak of SARS in China.Results:Sudden outbreak of SARS made people full of uncertainty and fear,and such fear would bring adverse effects to the society.It affected not only the daily life of people,but aslo their physical, mental stability and behavior reaction.Conclusion:SARS makes us realize the importance of psychology and psychiatry to individuals and to the society.It is imperative to establish a comprehensive provention and intervention system of diseases to maintain the social stability and the well being of individuals.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) formation in brain induced by heme/NO2 -/H2O2 or ONOO - pathways in vitro. Methods According to the two major pathways of 3-NT formation in vivo, the models of protein nitration induced by heme/NaNO2/H2O2 or ONOO-system were established, respectively, in vitro. Bovine serum albumin (BSA)/rat plasma protein or rat brain homogenate protein were utilized as reactive substrates in both systems. Samples were divided into blank-control group, 3-NT group and PNS group (including low-, medium-and high-concentration subgroups). In 3-NT group, samples were exposed to heme/NaNO2/H2O2 or ONOO-system, respectively, at 37℃for 30 min, whereas in PNS group, samples were pre-incubated with PNS (at final concentrations of 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 200 mg/L) at 37℃for 5 min before the nitrating system exposure. The 3-NT level in each group was detected by Western blot assy. Results Compared with the blank-control group, both heme/NaNO2/H2O2 and ONOO-system can induce significant 3-NT generation in BSA/rat plasma protein or rat brain homogenate protein (P<0.05). Compared with model group, PNS pre-treatment markedly inhibited 3-NT expression in BSA/rat plasma protein in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), the inhibitory effect of low intervention on the level of 3-NT in rat brain homogenate protein was not significant (P>0.05). Medium- and high-concentrations of PNS pre-treatment markedly inhibited 3-NT accumulation, with maximum effect at the concentration of 200 mg/L (P<0.05). Conclusion Medium- and high-concentrations of PNS can inhibit 3-NT formation in brain tissue mediated by either heme/NO2-/H2O2 or ONOO-pathways, implying that potential neuroprotective action against 3-NT involves pathological conditions, like trauma, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Objective To study the reactive oxygen level and the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and pro-apoptotic protein Bax after treatment of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-2'-dc) and paraquat in V79 cells.Methods Cultured V79 cells were divided into 5-Aza-2'-dc treatment group (group A),paraquat treatment group (group B),5-Aza-2'-dc and paraquat treatment group (group C,V79 cells were pretreated with 5-Aza-2'-dc for 12h followed by exposure to paraquat for 12h) and control group (group D).Reactive oxygen level in V79 cells was measured by DCFH-DA flow cytometry and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by Western blot.Results Reactive oxygen levels and expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax in V79 cells were significantly different (P＜0.05) in 5-Aza-2'-dc and paraquat treatment group (group C),compared with 5-Aza-2'-dc treatment group (group A),paraquat treatment group (group B) and control group (group D).Expression levels of Bcl-2 and the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax were lower while reactive oxygen levels and expression levels of Bax were higher in group C than in groups A,B and D.Conclusion 5-Aza-2'-dc regulates DNA methylation by the imbalancing the reactive oxygen metabolism and apoptosis,thus up-regulating the toxic effect of paraquat on V79 cells.