Objective The objective of this study was to determine the effect of curative chemotherapy regimen on breast cancer cells and its mechanism.Methods A tumor-bearing mouse model was established and routine dose of capecitabine was given as a conventional chemotherapy group.Continuous low-dose capecitabine chemotherapy was used as a radiotherapy group and no chemotherapy was used as a control group.The expression of microvessel density(MVD),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and thrombospondin 1(TSP-1)were measured by flow cytometry.The percentage of myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs),NK cells and macrophages in the program was observed.The tumor size and blood leukocyte count were measured after chemotherapy.Results MVD and VEGF in the radiotherapy group were significantly decreased and TSP-1 was significantly increased in comparison with the conventional chemotherapy group(P<0.05).The proportion of MDSCs in the radiotherapy group was significantly decreased,the proportion of NK cells and macrophages were significantly increased when compared to the conventional chemotherapy group(P<0.05).The tumor volume was no difference between the control and chemotherapy groups(P>0.05).However,the white blood cell count in the radiotherapy group was significantly higher than that in the conventional chemotherapy group(P<0.05).Conclusion Capecitabine chemotherapy at continuous low-dose inhibits neovascularization and adjusts the proportion of immune cells to suppress tumor formation.Thus,this chemotherapy could reduce side effects caused by chemotherapy and improve the quality of life.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of primary Sj(o)gren syndrome (pSS) with interstitial lung disease (pSS-ILD) so as to raise the clinical diagnosis Level. Methods The clinical data were collected from 58 patients with pSS,who were admitted from March 2006 to March 2009. The patients were divided into ILD group (27 cases) and non-ILD group (31 cases). Rheumatoid factor(RF),C-reactive protein (CRP), protein electrophoresis and complement C3, C4 in serum were measured by immunoturbidimetric methods. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-ENA antibodies were measured by indirect immunofluorescence technique and western blot. CA125 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was detected by WS method. Pulmonaly function tests and radiology examination were performed. Results Compared with those in non-ILD group,the percentages of dry mouth,dry eye, rampant caries and velcro crackles were significantly higher in ILD group,anti-SSA antibody, ESR,CRP, CA125 and title of γ-gloulin was significantly higher in ILD group. In ILD group,diffusion dysfunction was 18 cases (66.7%),restricted ventilation dysfunction was 14 cases (51.9%),blocked ventilation dysfunction was 6 cases (22.2%), incorporated ventilation dysfunction was 8 cases(29.6%), forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, maximum midexpiratory flow, DLCO were significantly lower in ILD group than those in non-ILD group (P ＜ 0.01). Moreover,high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) was more sensitive than chest X-ray in the diagnosis of pSS-ILD.Conclusions The presence of pSS-ILD highly associates with the activity of pSS. Pulmonary diffusion ventilation function and HRCT play an important role in the diagnosis of pSS-ILD.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of losartan on the improvement of heart function and its effect on uric acid in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods Eighty-five patients with CHF were divided into two groups randomly. Routine anti-CHF treatment included cardiotonic, diuresis, isosorbide dinitrate, beta-blockers. In losartan group(n=43), patients were given routine anti-CHF treatment and losartan. The patients in control group(n=42) were treated by routine anti-CHF treatment and Benazapril. The heart functional was evaluated. The content of serum uric acid, electrocardiogram, and Duppler ultransonography were measured before and after treatment respectively. Results The variance of heart function, left ventricle diastoic diameter (LVDD), left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiothotic ratio did not show statistical difference. However, they were improved sharply as compared with base-line condition in both groups after 3 months and 12 months treatment(P

Background Cytokines play a crucial role in mediating immune tolerance or immune rejection of corneal transplantation.However,the study on the expression of cytokines in corneal graft is seldom.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to investigate the change of cytokine expression in allografts at different time points after corneal transplantation.Methods BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice aged 6 to 8-week old were used to establish autologous and allografts keratoplasty models.BALB/c mouse was use as donor and receipt in autologous group,and the cornea of C57BL/6 mouse was used to graft on the BALB/c mouse in the allografts group.The graft inflammation was clinically scored,and graft inflammatory scores of ≥5 or opaciflcation scores of ≥2 were identified as rejection.BALB/c mice were randomized into normal control group(3 mice)and allografts group(15 mice).Reverse transcriptPCR (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA,interferon-γ (IFN-γ) mRNA,IL-10mRNA and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α) mRNA in graft 6 hours and 1 day,3,7,14 days after operation.Results The corneal graft opacification score was ＜2 and inflammatory score was ＜5 in the 10 mice with autologous keratoplasty until 60 days with the survival rate 100％.The edema,opacification and new blood vessel were seen in the BALB/c mice received allografts keratoplasty.The inflammatory score was ≥ 5 and the opacification score was ≥2 24 days after surgery with the rejection rate 100％,in the allografts group,and the graft survival time was (17.80±4.66)days.RT-PCR showed that IL-4 and IFN-γ were positively expressed,and IL-10 and TNF-α were absently expressed in normal mouse cornea.In the allografts keratoplasty mice,positive responses for IL-4,IFN-γ and IL-10 were found in 6hours after operation,but TNF-α was absent.From 1 day through 3 days after operation,the expressions of IL-4,IFN-γand TNF-α were enhanced but IL-10 was disappeared in the graft.IL-10,IFN-γ and TNF-α were expressed till the 7th day,but on the 14th day,only IL-10 was detected in graft in the allografts keratoplasty mice.Conclusions TNF-αis a main factor among the variety of cytokines that may influent corneal allograft rejection locally.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of various polarity fractions extracted from Sancaofang (SCF) and its combination on proliferation of human lung adenocarciaoma SPC-A-1 cells for bolting the most effective position of anti-tumor and suitable compatibility regimes.METHODS: Ethanol extraction and water extraction were adopted to prepare 95%,60% and 30% ethanol extract portion,water extract portion of SCF and compound decoction.The MTT assay was used to determine the effect of various polarity fractions of SCF,decoction and its combination on SPC-A-1 cells proliferation.RESULTS: IC50 of 60% ethanol extract was the smallest for SPC-A-1 cells.60% ethanol extract combined with 95% ethanol extract acts as a stimulus to anti-tumor activity significantly.CONCLUSION: The best suitable compatibility regimes were 95% ethanol extract combined with 60% ethanol extract.The liposolubility extract of SCF can be applied for anti-tumor.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of CIK on the proliferation of Lewis lung carcinoma cell line and the growth of transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6N mice in vivo.Methods CIK cells were induced by culturing PBMC with regular method.The proliferation of Lewis lung carcinoma cells was measured by MTT assay.Uhramicrostrueture of Lewis lung carcinoma cells was observed under a transmission electron microscope.Flowcytometric analysis was used to detect cell apoptosis.Ultrastructural observation expressions of FasL were individually determined by MTT and immunocytochemistry(ICC) analysis.Results Electron microscopic observations sbowed that CIK cells could induce the hepatoma cells to apoptosis.Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that apoptosis cells of Lewis lung carcinoma were increased in CIK group compared with those in the control group.FasL expression on CIK increased.Cytotoxieity was blocked after addition of anti-FasmAb.Conclusion CIK has inhibitory effect on Lewis lung carcinoma cells both in vitro and in vivo.CIK cells can induce the apoptosis of Lewis lung carcinoraa cells.and Fas/FasL pathway plays an important role in apoptosis of Lewis lung carcinoma cells by CIK.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum homocysteine (Hcy) level before and after treatment in patients with colorectal cancer,and provide the reference for clinical therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.Methods Enzymatic circling assay was used to measure the serum Hcy levels in 50 controls and 58 patients with colorectal cancer before and after treatment with a.follow-up of 12 months.The changes of Hcy aud the relationship between Hcy and therapeutic efficacy or prognosis were analyzed.Results Scrum Hcy level in patients with colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in controls [(16.90±5.35) μmol/L vs (10.23±3.06) μmol/L] (P ＜ 0.01),and it was closely associated with TNM stage.Serum Hcy level in patients of stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ [(18.49±5.13) μmol/L vs (15.20±4.86) μmol/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The Hcy level in patients at the end of treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment [(13.39±4.98) μmol/L vs (16.90±5.35) μmol/L] (P ＜ 0.01),and the Hcy level after the treatment for 3 month was significantly lower than that at the end of treatment [(10.23±3.17) μmol/L] (P ＜ 0.05).The Hcy level in patients with recurrence during 12 months after operation was significantly higher than that without recurrence [(17.18±4.82) μmol/L vs (12.36±3.19) μmol/L] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Serum level of Hcy might be a useful marker for predicting therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the concurrent application value of indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods A retrospective study.All patients who took anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody test from June 1 2011 to September 30 2011 in our department were recruited in this study.The patients' anti-dsDNA antibody results and clinical diagnosis were collected and analyzed retrospectively.The consistence,sensitivity and specificity of IIF and ELISA tests were calculated and the consistence was compared by Kappa test.Results The positive rates of detecting anti-dsDNA antibodies by ELISA and IIF tests were 16.3％ and 13.1％ respectively.The consistency between these two tests was 90.8％,and showed good correlation by Kappa test (Kappa =0.641,P ＜ 0.05 ).Of 9.2％ of inconsistent results between IIF andi ELISA,most cases ( 6.2％ ) were ELISA positive and IIF negative.Taking the clinical diagnosis of lupus as a golden standard,the accuracy of IIF and ELISA was 84.8％ and 84.4％ respectively and the difference was no significant (x2 =0.25,P ＞ 0.05 ).The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing lupus by IIF were 46.1％ and 99.2％,and 51.3％ and 96.7％ by ELISA.Conclusions Our results suggested that anti-dsDNA antibodies in samples should be detected by both ELISA and IIF tests simultaneously.If ELISA was used first and the positive samples were further tested by IIF,at least 3％ of ELISA negative and IIF positive samples would be misdiagnosed as anti-dsDNA antibodies negative.IIF negative and ELISA positive samples should be further analyzed the affinity of anti-dsDNA antibodies in order to help the diagnosis and evaluation of SLE.

HSP90, which is the biomarker of cell stress and endogenous protective protein, functions as a molecular chaperone. Many client proteins of HSP90, including EGFR, Met, Raf-1, IKK and p53, play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumor. Binding of HSP90 inhibitors triggers the deactivation of HSP90, resulting in client protein degradation, and hence inhibits the tumor growth by blocking multiple targets involved in signaling of tumor proliferation. This review summarizes recent development of small molecule inhibitors bound to N-terminal of HSP90.

AIM: To investigate the effects of proteasome inhibitor Z-LLL-CHO(MG132) on human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 and its possibly mechanism.METHODS: After treated with different concentration of MG132,the morphological change,ultrastructral morphology,cell viability,cell apoptosis,gene transcription and protein expression in MG-63 cells were accessed by fluorescence microscope,electron microscope,MTT assay,agrose gel electrophoresis,FCM,RT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS: Proteasome inhibitor MG132 was an effective inducer of apoptosis in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells.Not only apoptotic changes,but also cell arrest at G2-M-phase,the accumulation of p27kip1,the accumulation of activated caspase-8 and increased ratio of Bax∶Bcl-2 were observed.However,to normal human diploid fibroblast cells,MG132 did not show apoptosis-inducing effect.CONCLUSION: Apoptosis induced by MG132 may be caspase-8,p27kip1and bcl-2-related.