Objective To observe the effect of monochromatic infrared energy(MIRE)on diabetic periphe- ral neuropathy(DPN).Methods Seventy-four subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who were tested by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments(SWM)were randomized into 2 groups:a conventional management group and a conventional management plus MIRE group.Then the patients'sensory function and other DPN symptoms were evalu- ated by the SWME and the score of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument.Results After treatments,there was a decrease(P＜0.01)in the number of the sites insensitive to SWME(grade 5.07),and MNSI scores were sig- nificantly decreased(P＜0.01).The MIRE management was more effective than conventional management.Con- clusion Monochromatic infrared energy is perhaps a safe,non-pharmaceutical and non-invasive method for the treat- ment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

The diagnosis of myocardial damage in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) is mainly based on clinical symptoms,physical examinations and electrocardiographic abnormality,echocardiographic changes,and myocardial enzymologic diversity in general.In recent years,it has been suggested that cardiac troponin I possesses high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of myocardial damage.Lupus myocardial damage is diagnosed definitively depending on endomyocardial biopsy.Its treatment has been empirical,and hormone combined with immunodepressive is routine treatment.According to pathogenetic condition,there are still several therapies such as intravenous immunoglobulin therapy,blood purification and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,and so on.Most often,myocardial dysfunction in SLE is of subclinical progression,and that early diagnosis and prompt treatment may play an important role in relieving patients' condition,raising quality of life and improving prognosis.

Objective To analyze the causes of medical disputes and to find an effective way to reduce medical malpractice and medical dispute.Methods The complete identification files of 251 cases of medical malpractice obtained from corresponding Offices of Technical Identification of Medical Malpractice in three cities at prefecture level in Shandong province were analyzed to compare the cause of medical malpractice identified by patients with that identified by experts.Results The main causes that identified by patients included violation(36.41%),default(35.60%),illegality(13.05%),tort(11.89%),and absence of management(3.05%).Among the litigation claims,58.53%were identified as existed factors causing disputes.Among the identified factors,72.66%should have been prevented and controlled.Conclusion Medical malpractice and medical dispute can be effectively prevented and controlled by putting management site forward,ensuring the implemention of the policies,and strengthening the substantive responsibility of the leadership.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; blood ; complications ; genetics ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; blood ; complications ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Male ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Regression Analysis

Objective To measure the macular function of the fellow eye in patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Methods A total of 24 cases of unilateral RVO were diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),and multifocal ERG (mfERG) was recorded by RETI scan.The mfERG data of 24 fellow eyes of those RVO patients,and 18 normal control eyes were analyzed and compared.The parameters included the amplitude density,latency of the P1 and N1 wave in 6 concentric circles and 4quadrants of the mfERG graphics.Results The amplitude densities of P1 and N1 wave in first and second concentric circles of RVO fellow eyes were significantly lower than normal eyes (t=4.520,2.147;P＜0.05).There was no significant difference (P＞0.05) of P1/N1 latency in any concentric circles or quadrants between RVO fellow eyes and normal eyes.Conclusion The central fovea of the RVO fellow eyes was functionally impaired.

Objective To screen and clone the target genes transactivated by hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein. Methods The mRNA was isolated from HepG2 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1(-)-core and pcDNA3.1(-) empty vector, respectively, and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was employed to analyze the differentially expressed DNA sequences of the two groups. The obtained sequences were searched for homologous DNA sequence from GenBank. One of them was confirmed to be a new gene without homology with known genes in this database.Then, electric polymerase chain reaction was conducted for the cloning of the full-length DNA of the new gene, in conjunction with Kozak rule and the existence of polyadenyl signal sequence. The reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the new gene with mRNA from HepG2 cell as the template. The coding sequence for the new gene was deduced according to the nucleotide sequence. Results A new gene with unknown function was named TAHCCP1.The nucleotide sequence of the new gene and its corresponding protein-encoding amino acid, which was 2 001nt and composing 667aa, have been determined. The sequence of the TAHCCP1 gene has been registered in GenBank with its accession number AY038359. Conclusion TAHCCP1 gene transactivated by HCV core protein was cloned and identified successfully by a combination of molecular biological technology and bioinformatics technique. The results are expected to pave the way for the study of the molecular mechanism of the transactivating effects of HCV core protein and the development of new therapies for chronic hepatitis C.

Objective To screen the genes differentially expressed in gene expression in human lymphoma cell line Jurkat cells treated with phosphonoformate (PFA). Methods cDNA microarray technique was employed to detect the mRNA expressed in Jurkat cells treated with PFA or 0.9 percent sodium chloride, respectively. Results Among 1 152 genes there were 94 genes with different expression, of which 38 genes were upregulated and 56 genes were downregulated in Jurkat cells treated with PFA compared with those treated with 0.9 percent sodium chloride. Conclusions cDNA microarray technique was successfully used to screen the genes with different expression in Jurkat cells treated with PFA, and the results brought some new clues for the study of the immune regulation mechanism of PFA.

Objective To screen and clone the target genes transactivated by nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods The mRNA was isolated from HepG2 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1(-)-NS5A and pcDNA3.1(-) empty vector, respectively. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was employed to analyze the differentially expressed DNA sequence between the two groups. The obtained sequences were searched for homologous DNA sequence from GenBank. The new gene with no homology with known genes in this database was confirmed, and electric polymerase chain reaction was conducted for cloning the full-length DNA of the new gene and in conjunction with Kozak rule and the terminus of polyadenyl signal sequence. The reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was used to amplify the new gene from mRNA of HepG2 cell as the template. The coding sequence of the new gene was deduced according to the nucleotide sequence. Results A new gene with unknown function was named as NS5ATP3. The nucleotide sequence of the NS5ATP3 gene and its corresponding amino acid have been determined, which contained 1 572nt and 524aa. The sequence of the NS5ATP3 gene was deposited into GenBank, with the accession number AF529364. Conclusions NS5ATP3 gene transactivated by HCV NS5A protein was cloned and identified successfully by combining molecular biological technology and bioinformatics technique. These results will pave the way for the study of the molecular mechanism of the transactivating effects of HCV NA5A protein and the development of new therapy for chronic hepatitis C.

Objective To construct a subtractive cDNA library of genes differentially expressed in human lymphoma cell line Jurkat cells treated with phosphonoformate (PFA), and to clone genes associated with its immune regulation. Methods Using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique, the mRNA was isolated from Jurkat cells treated with phosphonoformate or 0 9 percent sodium chloride, respectively, and then cDNA was synthesized. After restriction enzyme RsaI digestion, small sized cDNAs were obtained. Then tester cDNA was subdivided into two portions and each was ligated with different cDNA adaptor. The tester cDNA, which was hybridized with driver cDNA twice and amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) twice, was subcloned into T/A plasmid vectors to set up the subtractive cDNA library. Amplification of the library was carried out with E. coli strain JM109. The clones, which were selected randomly, were amplified by PCR, and then they were sequenced and analyzed in GenBank with Blast search. Results The subtractive cDNA library of genes differentially expressed in Jurkat cells treated with PFA was constructed successfully. The amplified library contained 46 positive clones, which contained 200- 1 000 bp of inserts. Fourteen clones were analyzed by sequencing and bioinformatics, which were identified as eleven known genes and three genes with unknown function. Conclusions The subtractive cDNA library of genes differentially expressed in Jurkat cells treated with PFA using SSH technique was constructed successfully, which brought some new clues for the study of the immune regulation mechanism of PFA

Objective To explore the influence of XTP4 on genomic expression profile of hepatocyte through screening and cloning of genes trans-regulated by XTP4-expressing plasmid. Methods The expressive vector pcDNA3.1(-)-XTP4 was constructed by routine molecular biological methods, and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was employed to detect the mRNA differentially expressed by the HepG2 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1(-)-XTP4 and pcDNA3.1(-), respectively, using lipofectamine. The twice enriched PCR products were subcloned into T/A vectors to set up the subtractive library. Amplification of the library was carried out in E. coli strain JM109. The screened cDNA were sequenced and analyzed in GenBank with Blast search after PCR. Results The amplified subtractive library containd 21 positive clones. Colony PCR analysis showed that there were 16 clones containing 200-1000bp inserts. Sequence analysis was performed and 9 kinds of encoding sequences were achieved. These genes trans-regulated by XTP4 protein involved in hepatic fibrogenesis, tumorgenesis, mitochondrial function, and cell growth regulation. Conclusions The findings obtained by SSH provide significant data for a preliminary understanding of the biological function of a new identified gene-XTP4. These results will pave the way for the study of the molecular mechanism of the transactivating effects of HBxAg and the development of new therapy for chronic hepatitis B.