Objective To investigate the transactivating effect of hepatitis C virus(HCV)core protein on inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)gene promoter and the molecular biological mecha- nisms of HCV pathogenesis.Methods Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique was employed to amplify the sequence of iNOS promoter by using HepG2 genomic DNA as template,and the product was cloned into pGEM-T vector.The iNOSp gene was cut from T-iNOSp by KpnⅠand XhoⅠ,and then was cloned into pCAT3-Basic,the constructed vector was named as pCAT3-iNOSp,pCAT3-iN- OSp was transfected into the LO_2 cell line.LO_2 cell was also cotransfected with pcDNA3.1(-)-core and pCAT3-iNOSp by FuGENE 6 transfection reagents.The LO_2 cells transfected with pCAT3-Basic was used as negative control.The activity of CAT in LO_2 cells was detected by an ELISA kit after 48 hours,which reflected the transactivating function of HCV core protein to iNOS gene promoter.Re- sults The expressive vector pcDNA3.1(-)-core and report vector pCAT3-iNOSp had been construc- ted and confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing.The expression of CAT in LO_2 cells transfected with pCAT3-iNOSp and peDNA3,1(-)-core was 11 times as higher as that of pCAT3-bas- ic,and 6 times as higher as that of pCAT3-iNOSp.Conclusion It is suggested that HCV core protein can transactivate iNOS gene promoter.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic and preventive method of foreignbodies in esophagus.Methods Clinical date of 78 cases of foreignbodies in esophagus were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 78 foreignbodies in esophagus,76 cases were removed from esophagus in different way.2 cases fulled into mastach.No severe complication occurred.The cure rate was 97％.Conclusions Foreignbodies in esophagus should be removed as soon as it is diagnosed.It is important that correctly treating foreignbodies in esophagus can reduce the incidence of severe complications.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankylosis ; complications ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Micrognathism ; complications ; surgery ; Models, Anatomic ; Skull ; anatomy & histology ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; complications ; surgery ; Young Adult

Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; complications ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Shiga Toxin ; toxicity

Objective To evaluate the effects of compositive cognitive training on reasoning ability for healthy community elderly.Method All the participants were selected from one district in Shanghai by every 50 samples.151 community healthy elderly who accorded with the standard were collected at last.They were divided into cognitive intervention group ( n =90) and control group ( n =61 ) by sequence.The interventions ( includes reasoning,memory training,et al) were conducted in 24 sessions over 12 weeks.All individuals were assessed by Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly (NTBE) at baseline,follow-up,half a year follow-up and one year follow-up phase,and Raven' s Standard Progressive Matrices on reasoning classes.Results The scores of Raven' s Standard Progressive Matrices were significantly higher after reasoning training in intervention group( (15.54 ±5.70),(10.35 ± 5.10),t =3.595,P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared with baseline,the reasoning test scores of NTBE were significantly higher after cognitive intervention in treatment group at follow-up phase,and were also significantly higher than control group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Results support the effectiveness of compositive cognitive training in improving reasoning ability are positive,and can last for one year.

Objective To evaluate the middle and short-term effects of integrative cognitive training on mild cognitive impairments(MCI).Methods All the participants with MCI aged over 70 years were selected from one sub-district of Putuo District,Shanghai and divided into cognitive intervention group (n=46) and control group (n=35).The integrative cognitive training was conducted in 24 sessions for 12 weeks.All subjects were assessed by Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly (NTBE) and by a questionnaire of Shanghai Health Survey for the Elderly (VER2006)at baseline,follow-up and one-year follow up phases.Results At baseline phase,semantic relations test in NTBE was better (t=2.13,P=0.037),verbal fluency test (vegetables) in NTBE was worse(t =-2.25,P=0.038) in intervention group than in control group,while there were no significant differences in scores of other neuropsychological tests between intervention group and control group(all P＞0.05).At follow up phase,16 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE were improved (t=-2.70,P=0.010)and 2 subscales were declined in cognitive intervention group(all P＜0.05).9 subscales in semantic relations test of NTBE (t=-2.27,P=0.013) were improved and 5 subscales were declined in control group (all P＜ 0.05).Comparison between groups at one year follow-up showed that 5 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE (F=16.80,P=0.000) were better in intervention group than in control group(all P＜0.05).General linear model (GLM) with repeated measures at three time points showed that 4 subscales in reasoning test of NTBE had a time-by group interaction (F=5.16,P=0.01).Conclusions Integrative cognitive training can improve cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairments,and the validity of reasoning ability can sustain one year.

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research progression of fMRI in brain functional localization in China or abroad in the recent 15 years, so as to further comprehend the effect and value of fMRI.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of Medline database was undertaken to identify English articles about fMRI published from 1990 to 2005 with the keywords "functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), brain".STUDY SELECTION: The articles about experimental studies of fMRI articles irrelative to motor function, sensory function, hearing function, visuEnglish title.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 6 144 relevant articles were collected, 18 articles were involved according to the inclusive criteria, and the others were excluded. cles about sensory function, including 1 about simple tactile stimulation,ry function, including 2 about simple visual stimulation, and 1 about binoction, including about hearing stimulation by various methods, and 1 about comparison between normal and abnormal subjects by the same stimulation.language function, 1 about visual language function, and 1 about listening basic principle.CONCLUSION: fMRI was more accurate, convenient and direct than other methods. It can not only show localization, size and dimension of the activated areas in different cerebral regions, but also show accurate anatomical position. Many aspects still need to be consummated, for example, exploration of the stimulating method, design of advanced hardware, post processing of the image and the effect of visualization. With the development of hardware, software and the endless endeavor of scientists, fMRI dooms to play an important role in illustrating the function of human brain.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of cortical laminar necrosis (CLN) on diffusion-weighted imaging at acute stage of cerebral infarction.Methods 41 patients were retrospectively investigated who were diagnosed acute cerebral infarction in area of middle cerebral artery,and they got diffusion weighted imaging ( DWI ),magnetic resonance angiography ( MRA ) and colored ultrasonic inspection of cervical arteries within 48 hours after onset,with exclusion of cardioembolism,and 5 patients also had digital subtraction angiography (DSA).The patients were classified into CLN positive group or negative group.The stenosis or occlusion of ipsolateral MCA,intracranial and extracranial ICA were compared between the two groups.Results 9 patients'DWI had CLN,among whom 7 patients present moderate or more severe stenosis of feeding artery,and 5 patients who only had CLN signal presented severe stenosis or occlusion.32 patients'DWI had not CLN,among whom 12 patients present moderate or more severe stenosis of feeding artery.The CLN positive group had a high incidence of ipsilateral intracranial ICA and(or) MCA moderate or severe stenosis or occlusion(55.6％ vs 21.9％,x2 =3.85,P ＜ 0.05 ).The 5 patients who only had CLN signal had ipsilateral feeding artery severe stenosis.A positive correlation was found between CLN and moderate or severe stenosis or occlusion of ipsilateral intracranial ICA and(or) MCA(OR:4.5,95％ CI:1.0 ～ 20.2).Conclusion Patients with acute cerebral infarction and CLN on DWI were more likely to suffer from moderate or severe stenosis or occlusion of feeding large artery,and these patients should be evaluated vessel condition.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the screening results of phenylketonuria(PKU ) among 567 691 neonates in Gansu Province to understand the prevalence situation of PKU and provide the basic data for preventing and treating PKU in Gansu Province .Methods 567 691 samples of neonatal dried heel blood spots were collected by Gansu Province Newborn Screening Cen‐ter from 2009 to 2014 and the phenylalanine (Phe) level was quantitatively determined by the fluorescence quantification method . The identification was performed by using the urine pterine profile analysis and phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH) gene mutation de‐tection .Results Among 567 691 neonates ,166 neonates were diagnosed as PKU ,the total detection rate was 1/3 420 ,in which 119 cases (71 .7% ) were classic PKU ,33 cases (19 .9% ) were moderate PKU and 14 cases (8 .4% ) were mild PKU .Conclusion The morbidity rate of PKU in Gansu Province is much higher than the national average incidence level ,which is dominated by classic PKU .Therefore Gansu Province should become the major area of PKU prevention and treatment .