? AlM: To observe the differences of central cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth, corneal anterior curvature and corneal posterior curvature between the Kazak and the Han nationality college emmetropia students, and analyze the relationship of corneal thickness and corneal curvature.?METHODS: More than 500 students in grade one in Xinjiang Medical University for screening, selected 55 emmetropia eyes in Han nationality students and 51 in Kazak students. Sirius corneal topography was applied to the measurement.? RESULTS: Kazak and the Han nationality college emmetropia students' central cornea thickness ( Kazak:0. 52± 0. 03mm, Han:0. 54 ± 0. 03mm), anterior chamber depth (Kazak:2. 97 ± 0. 31mm, Han: 3. 14 ± 0. 25mm) had significant difference (P<0. 05). Corneal anterior curvature and corneal posterior curvature were no significant difference (P>0. 05). Han had no significant relationship in corneal thickness and corneal anterior curvature (r<0), or in corneal posterior curvature ( r < 0. 1 ) . Kazak had no significant relationship in corneal thickness and corneal anterior curvature (r<0), or in corneal posterior curvature(r<0. 1).? CONCLUSlON: There are significant differences between the Kazak and the Han nationality college emmetropia students in cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth. There is no significant relationship between corneal thickness and corneal curvature (K1, K2) in Kazak and the Han nationality college emmetropia students.

Objective To examine the relationship between plasma soluble interleukin 2 receptor(sIL2R), bone metabolism markers, and bone mineral densities in female patients with Graves′ disease(GD), and to explore the role of sIL2R in bone metabolism of GD.Methods This study included 201 female GD patients.FT3, FT4, TSH, PTH, osteocalcin(OCN), C-terminal telopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen (CTX), procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide(PINP), and 25-(OH)-vitamin D(25OHD) were measured using electrochemical luminescence technique.sIL2R was measured using chemiluminescence method.All pations underwent examinations of bone mineral densities at lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck(LS-BMD, TH-BMD, and FN-BMD).The associations of sIL2R with bone metabolism markers and bone mineral densities were analyzed.Results OCN,CTX,PINP gradually decreased across the tertile groups of LS-BMD, TH-BMD, FN-BMD(all P<0.05).FT3, sIL2R gradually increased across the tertile groups of OCN, CTX, PINP(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sIL2R was independently associated with OCN and CTX(both P<0.05).Conclusion The increase of bone turnover leads to bone loss in female GD patients.The plasma level of sIL2R was positively correlated to bone turnover, which indicated that sIL2R may play an important role in bone metabolism of GD.

Child ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Recurrence

ObjectivesTo assess the cardiovascular function in obese children.MethodsA total of 30 obese children and 50 age- and sex-matched normal weight children were enrolled and treadmill test was performed. Exercise tolerance, the time to target heart rate and continuous T-wave alternans (TWA) during treadmill test were compared between two groups. ResultsCompared with normal weight children, the exercise tolerance was decreased and the time to target heart rate was shortened, while the incidence of continuous TWA was increased in obese children and there was signiifcant difference between two groups (P<0.01).ConclusionsObesity may lead to cardiovascular dysfunction in childhood which should be concerned.

The transesterification reaction conditions of lard with methyl acetate with combined use of immobilized lipases as catalysts were conducted. Initially, according to single factorial experiments, the studies on Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435 respectively catalyzed transesterification of lard showed that the optimal parameters of transesterification reaction were: the molar ratio of methyl acetate to oil of 14∶1, 40% enzyme added based on oil weight, temperature 50℃. Combined use of Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435 was proposed further to improve the catalytic performance by the response surface method (RSM). Herein, a 5-level-3-factor central composite rotated design was employed to evaluate the effects of lipase loading, the proportion of the two lipases and amount of methyl acetate. The optimum conditions were as followings: 40% lipase loading based on oil weight, 50%/50% the proportion of lipases (Novozym 435/Lipozyme TL IM), and the molar ratio of methyl acetate to oil of 14∶1. And under the optimal conditions, the highest biodiesel yield of 97.6% could be attained, which was higher than the biodiesel yield with each single one of the two lipases. The results suggested that the technics of combined use of certain immobilized lipases catalyzed transesterification reaction of lard for biodiesel production with methyl acetate as the acyl acceptor could raise the FAME yield and save the production cost.

Objective To investigate flow patterns at carotid bifurcation in vivo by combining computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and MR angiography imaging.Methods Seven subjects underwent contrast-enhanced MR angiography of carotid artery in Siemens 3.0 T MR.Flow patterns of the carotid artery bifurcation were calculated and visualized by combining MR vascular imaging post-processing and CFD. Results The flow patterns of the carotid bifurcations in 7 subjects were varied with different phases of a cardiac cycle.The turbulent flow and back flow occurred at bifurcation and proximal of internal carotid artery (ICA)and external carotid artery(ECA),their occurrence and conformation were varied with different phase of a cardiac cycle.The turbulent flow and back flow faded out quickly when the blood flow to the distal of ICA and ECA.Conclusion CFD combined with MR angiography can be utilized to visualize the cyclical change of flow patterns of carotid bifurcation with different phases of a cardiac cycle.

The ultimate goal of post-genome research is to understand a complete set of proteins in a living organism for their expression pattern and biological function,which is called proteomics.One of the major challenges in proteome research is to study the protein-protein interactions,and the emerging bioinformatics approaches present us tremendous advantages when dealing with protein interaction networking and data analysis.Useful bioinformatics tools include protein-protein interaction network mapping,topology of the network,structure of the module and comparison of the network.The technology advancement in this field brings further understandings to the structure and function of cells at the proteome level,which may eventually lead to the discovery of new drug targets and design methods.This paper attempts to review the current researches on protein-protein interaction with an emphasis on bioinformatics intervention,and also summarizes some widely used methods for network analysis.

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence state of children in coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis in Fuyuan county Qujing city,to know the implementation of preventing measures,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention of endemic fluorosis.MethodsIn 2009,105 families were sampled to check the service condition of defluoridation stove and the effect of health education (the awareness of use defluoridation stove reasons) in Xiaoyuwang,Tuoga and Shaliang villages,Fucun town of Fuyuan county.Food fluorine of indoor stored peppers and corns was monitored of 20 families in Xiaoyuwang village,5 household were randomly selected from east,west,south,north and middle places of the village.Air fluorine was monitored from indoor air samples of 5families,dental and urinary fluorine was monitored of the native-born children aged 8 to 12,and dental fluorosis of these children was checked.Clinical endemic fluorosis and X-ray endemic fluorosis was monitored of local adult residents over the age of 30 that had been lived in the area for more than 5 years.ResultsThe rate of correct use of the defluoridation stove was 100％,and adult awareness rate of use defluoridation stove reasons was 82.86％(87/105).Of the 19 pepper samples,fluorine content were 9.98 - 538.40 mg/kg and median was 32.38 mg/kg,all exceeded the standard(1.5 mg/kg).Of the 25 corn samples,fluorine content were 0.42 - 101.54 mg/kg and median was 6.32 mg/kg,with 18 samples exceeded the standard(1.0 mg/kg).Of the 6 air samples,fluorine content were 0.000 98 - 0.003 33 mg/kg and median was 0.001 45 mg/kg.Detection rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 was 42.3％,urinary fluorine content were 0.13 - 1.80 mg/L,geometric mean was 0.58 mg/L,4 adults were diagnosed clinical skeletal fluorosis,detection rate was 2.46％(4/162),5 adults were found by X-ray with endemic fluorosis,detection rate was 9.61％(5/52).ConclusionPeppers and cons fluorine pollution is serious,general public should be guided to change their lifestyles to minimize the fluorine pollution.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicl bacteria distribution and the drug resistance.METHODS The biochemical and serologic tests were used to detect the susceptibility of bacterium to antimicrobials.RESULTS The positive rate was 44.87%,bacteria distributed mainly in sputum,urine and secretion.Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter often appeared.The drug resistance rate of MRSA and MRCNS was higher than MSSA and MSCNS's.The drug sensitive rate of Enterococcus faecium was less than E faecalis's.Bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae were sensitive to the drug of imipenem.The test rate for E.coli and K.pneumoniae which released ESBLs was 23.9% and 25.4%,respectively.P.aeruginosa possessed high resistance to all drugs.CONCLUSIONS The rate of Gram-positive cocci in all specimen is rising,the drug resistance is rather related with the broad use of antimicrobials.

Objective To explore the damage effect of high level of glucose on ECV304 cells and the approaches in which high level of glucose plays its part to provide theoretical bases for the therapy of diabetes.Methods ECV304 cells were divided into four groups:normal control,high glucose group in which glucose was added to the cells with final concentration of 35 mmol?L-1,Radix Astragali(RA) group in which glucose was added to the cells with final concentration of 35 mmol?L-1,as well as RA with final concentration of 500 mg?L-1,mannitol group in which mannitol was added to the cells with final concentration of 25 mmol?L-1.The cells were cultivated for 24 h after the glucose,RA and mannitol were added to the cells and collected for the determination of intracellular Ca2+ concentration,mitochondrial membrane potential and the morphological changes of cells and mitochondria were observed under electronic microscope.Results The intracellular Ca2+ concentration in the cells of high glucose group was significantly higher than those of RA group,mannitol group and normal control group(P