Chemical constituents of the essential oil in above-ground and root of Bupleurum malconense and root of B. chinense were investigated by GC-MS compiled with automated mass spectral deconvolution and identification system (AMDIS) and retention index. The results showd that the components of essential oil in B. malconense have some similarities with the one in B. chinense, and both of them have the higher content of caryophyllene oxide which is an active component of anti-inflammatory and analgesic. These results suggested that as a local substitute, B. malconense has a certain scientific basis of the treatment for cold fever.
Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Fever ; drug therapy ; Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

Objective To analyze the incidence and risk factors of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed and hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus patients,and to provide the theoretical basis for therapy of diabetes and diabetic chronic complications.Methods The blood glucose,lipid profile,24h-urinaryalbumin,fasting and postprandial serum insulin and peptid C were measured in 286 newly diagnosed and hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients from Mar.2006 to Sep.2009.Microalbuminuria was defined as the 24h-urinary albumin between 30 to 300 mg twice.Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was recorded and all the patients received fundus examination by ophthalmologists after expansion of the pupil to ensure whether there was retinopathy or not.Results (1)The incidence rate of microalbuminuria in this study was 19.58％ (56/286).(2)Normal albuminuria group and MA group combined DR were 19.57％ (45/230) and 33.93 ％ ( 19/56 ) respectively,and the difference was statistically significant( x2 =5.349,P =0.021 ).Compared with control,the FPG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in microalbuminuria group ( FPG:[ 11.08 ± 1.76 ] mmol/L vs [9.24 ±1.65]mmol/L,t =-6.148,P ＜0.001;HbA1c:[11.54 ± 1.59]％ vs [9.39 ± 1.64]％,t =-7.533,P ＜0.001 ;HOMA-IR:[3.73 ±0.42] vs [3.50 ±0.30],t =-3.774,P ＜0.001 ).(3) Pearson correlation analysis revealed microalbuminuria was positively correlated with FPG( r =0.460),HbA1 c ( r =0.499),HOMA-IR( r =0.308)and combined DR(r =0.405)(P ＜0.01).(4)Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that FPG (ββ =- 0.804,P ＜ 0.01 ),HbA1 c (β =- 0.455,P ＜ 0.01 ) and combined DR (β =1.527,P ＜ 0.05 ) were independently risk factors of microalbuminuria.Conclusion The development of microalbuminuria in newly diagnosed and hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients is associated with FPG,HbA1c and HOMA-IR,and will be easier to merge diabetic retinopathy.

0.05). CONCLUSION:HDL of human plasma could attenuate or inhibit the decrease in BP induced by endotoxin and prolong the survival time.These results indicated that HDL has therapeutic and protective effect on rat with endotoxemia.Inhibition of TNF release might be one of mechanisms.

Objective To investigate the serum sex hormone changes and fertility condition in childbearing age women patients with hyperthyroidism treated by iodine-131 .Methods 50 cases of healthy volunteers were selected .248 childbearing age women pa-tients with hyperthyroidism were divided into the iodine-131 group and the anti-thyroid medication group according to the treatment method .The thyroid function and gonad hormone before treatment and at 6 months after treatment were detected in 3 groups ,and the pregnancy and fetal condition were tracked .Results The change of thyroid stimulation hormone(TSH) level was more sensitive in the iodine-131 treatment group than the anti-thyroid medication group ;luteinizing hormone(LH) ,follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) ,prolactin(PRL) ,testosterone(T) and progesterone(P) before treatment in the two groups were significantly increased com-pared with the control group ,but E2 was decreased ;the changes of sex hormones in the iodine-131 treatment group had differences between before and after treatment ,the changes of T and P in the anti-thyroid medication group were unobvious before and after treatment ;the normal delivery rate in the control group and the iodine-131 therapy group had no statistical difference (χ2 =0 .148 , P=0 .7>0 .05) ,the normal delivery rate in the control group and the anti-thyroid medication group had statistically significant difference(χ2 = 5 .739 ,P=0 .017<0 .05) ,the normal delivery rate in the iodine-131 therapy group and the anti-thyroid medication group had statistically significant difference(χ2 =4 .26 ,P=0 .039<0 .05) .Conclusion The iodine-131 therapy has no influence on the sex hormones and the fertility ability in childbearing age women patients with hyperthyroidism ,and also does not increase the incidence rate of genetic damage .

To study the characteristics of pharmacological effects of property combinations of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) distributing in the stomach meridian based on medicinal property combination, in order to further define the association relationship between properties of TCMs and their pharmacological effects, and build a bridge for the interpenetration and combination between the medicinal property theory of TCMs and their pharmacological effects. On the basis of the studies on the medicinal property theory of TCMs distributing along the kidney meridian and their pharmacological effects, efforts were made to collect relevant data for medicinal properties and pharmacological effects and mine the characteristics of pharmacological effects that were corresponding to relevant medicinal property combination by processing materials related to medicinal properties and pharmacological effects with the association rules method. According to the analysis, TCMs distributing along the kidney meridian with different medicinal property combinations were significantly differentiated in the pharmacological effects, but shared identical pharmacological effects, such as immunological enhancement. In this study, TCMs distributing along the kidney meridian with different medicinal property combinations were taken as the carriers to closely integrate the traditional Chinese medicine theory with the modem study achievements, lay a solid foundation for further developing and enriching the traditional Chinese medical property theory, while providing a new perspective on the development of modem medicine.
Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; Meridians

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of thunder-fire moxibustion for hypomenorrhea after induced abortion. Methods: A total of 74 patients with hypomenorrhea after induced abortion were randomized into two groups, with 37 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional hormone sequential therapy, and the observation group was treated with thunder-fire moxibustion. The course of treatment was 3 menstrual cycles. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scores, menstrual volume, endometrial thickness and the sex hormone levels were observed before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy was compared after treatment. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group and the control group was 91.4％ and 73.5％, respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM symptom scores in both groups decreased significantly (all P<0.05), and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The menstrual volume, endometrial thickness and each sex hormone level of the patients in both groups were significantly improved after treatment (all P<0.05), and the improvements in the observation group were more significant than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Thunder-fire moxibustion can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of patients with hypomenorrhea after induced abortion; it can increase menstrual volume and endometrial thickness, and regulate the sex hormone levels, producing a better curative effect than the conventional hormone sequential therapy.

Objective To discuss the pulmonary function change in infants with human bocavirus (HBoV) pneumonia or mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) and its clinical signiifcance. Methods One hundred and forty infants under 3 years old who were admitted due to pulmonary infection were recruited from January, 2013 to October, 2013. Among them, HBoV-DNA was detected in 64 cases, and MP-DNA was detected in 76 cases. Thirty eight normal age-matched infants were selected as controls. The shape of tidal breathing lfow-volume loops (TBFVLs) and change of every index were measured with a Pulmonary Testing System (Jaeger MasterScope). Results The ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory lfow (PTEF) to total expiratory time (TPTEF/TE), the ratio of VPTEF to expiratory volume (VPTEF/VE), tidal expiratory lfow at 25%of the remaining tidal volume (TEF25%) and the ratio of TEF25%to PTEF (25/PF) were signiifcantly decreased in infants with HBoV and MP infection as compared with healthy infants (P<0.05). However, there was no signiifcant difference of the above indices between infants with HBoV and MP infection (P>0.05). The shape of TBFVLs in infants with HBoV and MP pneumonia was changed and characterized by left-shifted PTEF and trough-like concave in descending limb. The PTEF was decreased in infants with pulmonary infection. Conclusions HBoV or MP infection results in impaired pulmonary function with manifestations of obstruction in small airway. The shape of TBFVLs in infants with HBoV and MP pneumonia is characterized by left-shifted PTEF and trough-like concave in descending limb.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Cells of the rat hepatocyte line BRL were cultured. The hepatocytes were treated with LPS, ERS inducer thapsigargin (TG), and ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), respectively or in their different combination. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The cyto-nuclear morphological changes of apoptosis cells were detected by the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33258. The apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining. Expressions of GRP78 as ERS marker protein, CHOP, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 as ERS related protein were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: LPS could cause a decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis rate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins were significantly increased with LPS treatment. TG led to a marked decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis rate, which aggravated the hepatocyte injury induced by LPS; whereas 4-PBA alleviated LPS-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION ERS mediates LPS-induced hepatocyte injuries, indicating that ERS may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced hepatocyte injuries.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Hepatocytes ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Phenylbutyrates ; Rats

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)and the efficiency of glucocorticoid in therapy on this kind of disease.Methods Thirty-nine children with systemic JIA were divided into low dose group 0.5-1.0 mg/(kg?d)and high dose group 1.0-1.5 mg/(kg?d).And the efficiency was observed by change of active index after 10 and 20 days.Results The effective power was 58.8% and 72.7% after 10 days,respectively.After 20 days,the power was 76.5% and 90.9%,respectively.The power in high dose group was significantly higher than that in low dose group.It had no difference in statistical analysis for efficiency of 2 kind of glucocorticoid dosage to control fever,but it had obvious difference to control arthralgia,arthrocele,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP).Conclusion Glucocorticoid therapy is very effective to control the activity of disease in patients with systemic JIA.

Objective To develop training program of evidence implementation(EI) based on PARIHS model and to evaluate the effectiveness on clinical nurses for evidence-based nursing knowledge,attitudes and ability,and to understand the evaluation of participants about the methodological training.Methods A quasi-experiment design was conducted.A 6-month comprehensive evidence implementation training program was developed including methodological lecture,group discussion,EI case analysis,EI project development and implementation,and was carried out among 44 clinical nurses from 11 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai.The participants' EBN knowledge,attitudes and ability were measured by EBN knowledge,attitudes and ability questionnaire at 3 months and 6 months after training.Results Participants' EBN knowledge and ability were significantly improved at 3 months and 6 months after training(P＜0.05),and participants' EBN attitude had no significant difference before and after training (P＞0.05).The level of training satisfaction among participants was higher than 80.0％,and participants had finished 22 evidence implementation programs.Conclusion Evidence implementation training based on PARIHS can enhance clinical nurses' EBN knowledge and ability.Participants' EBN attitude hasn't been significantly improved.Participants have high satisfaction towards methodological training.