Objective To observe the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy),C-reactive protein (CRP) and type 2 diabetes peripheral vascular disease (PVD).Methods Fifty-eight patients with type 2 diabetes according to the condition of PVD were divided into simple type 2 diabetes mellitus group (DM group,30 cases) and PVD group (28 cases).Twenty-five healthy people were chosen at the same period as control group.The fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),Hcy and CRP levels were detected among 3 groups,and the body mass index (BMI),ankle brachial index(ABI) was calculated.Results The BMI,TG,TC and HDL-C levels among 3 groups had no statistical significance (P ＞0.05).The FBG,HbA1c and LDL-C in DM group and PVD group were significantly higher than those in control group [(7.54 ± 1.25),(8.12 ± 1.57) mmol/L vs.(4.68 ±0.54)mmol/L; (6.92 ± 0.89)％,(7.54 ± 0.97)％ vs.(4.80 ± 0.54)％ ; (3.79 ± 0.73),(4.41 ± 0.93) mmol/L vs.(2.68 ± 0.54) mmol/L],and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).But the difference between PVD group and DM group had no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Hcy and CRP in DM group and PVD group were higher than those in control group [(10.26 ± 3.62),(19.83 ± 5.54) μ mol/L vs.(8.92 ± 2.41)μ mol/L; (4.12 ±0.57),(5.47 ±0.85) mg/L vs.(2.73 ±0.54) mg/L],ABI was lower than that in control group(0.92 ± 0.18,0.81 ± 0.16 vs.1.02 ± 0.23),and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);Hcy,CRP in PVD group were obviously higher than those in DM group,ABI was lower than that in DM group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).Spearman analysis showed that Hcy was negatively correlated with ABI (r =-0.635,P ＜ 0.05),CRP was negatively correlated with ABI (r =-0.529,P ＜ 0.05),and Hcy was positively correlated with CRP (r =0.528,P ＜ 0.05).The partial correlation analysis results showed that Hcy and ABI still showed a negative correlation (r =-0.315,P ＜ 0.05),CRP and ABI still showed a negative correlation (r =-0.243,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hcy and CRP participating in the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes PVD,can be used as a predictor of type 2 diabetes PVD.

ObjectiveTo comparethetherapeutic efficaciesofaconite-cake-partitionedmoxibustionat different frequencies in treatingbenign prostatic hyperplasiadue tokidney-yangdeficiency.MethodEightypatientswere randomized into four groups:control group,treatment group1(moxibustiononceper day),treatmentgroup2(moxibustiontwiceper day), andtreatmentgroup3 (moxibustiononce every other day).TheInternational prostate symptom score (I-PSS), TCM syndrome score, maximum flow rate of urine (Qmax) and bladder residual urine volume (PVR) were observedbefore and after intervention.ResultAfter treatment,the improvement of theInternational prostate symptom scoreandTCM syndrome score,increase of Qmax and decrease of PVR were found in the three treatment groups, while the therapeutic efficacy in treatment group 1 was more significant than that in the rest groups. The total effective rate was 70.0% in the control group, 85.0% in treatment group 1, 80.0% in treatment group 2, and 65.0%in treatment group 3.ConclusionAconite-cake-partitionedmoxibustionat different frequenciescan produce therapeutic efficacies to different extent in treatingbenign prostatic hyperplasiadue tokidney-yangdeficiency, and the comprehensive analysis shows that the optimal frequency is once per day.

Objective To summarize the meticulous nursing experience of indwelling urinary catheter between the children with hypospadias during perioperative. Methods 317 cases of indwelling urethral only in the silicone Foley tube, and without other urinary diversion with hypospadias were retrospectively analyzed, summarized the fine points of nursing, including preoperative children with comprehensive risk assessment, standardized preoperative skin preparation and postoperative protective constraint, effective properly fixed catheter keep the urine drainage unobstructed, close observation of urine drainage characteristics, maintain urine collection system tightness, maintain perineal skin clean and improved extubation nursing method, and do a good job after extubation nursing. Results 266 cases were cured with a cure rate of 83.9%(266/317);the incidence of urine leakage in 42 cases, the incidence rate was 13.2%(42/317); 7 cases of urethral stenosis, the incidence rate was 2.2%(7/317); 2 cases of urethral closing, the incidence was 0.6% (2/317), none of the patients had accidental extubation. Conclusions The meticulous nursing has a better effect in hypospadias patients during the perioperative period and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications;shorten the time of hospitalization and alleviate the suffering of children;improve the quality of nursing service, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To study the drug resistance situation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from the patients with HIV/AIDS complicating tuberculosis (TB).Methods One hundred and ninety-six inpatients with AIDS complicating TB in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were collected.The drug resistance situation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains cultured from sputum/tissue fluid/fiber liquid and pathological tissue submitted samples in the patients with AIDS complicating active TB was analyzed.The BACTEC MGIT960 systems was adopted to perform the bacterial identification.The drug sensitivity test was conducted by using 960 culture testing system.Results One hundred and ninety-six strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were cultured,the total drug resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was 26.02％.These cases were divided into the ＞100/μL and ≤100/μL groups according to different CD4+ T cells count.The drug resistance situation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to 4 kinds of first line anti-TB drugs were compared between these two groups.The comparison results found that the resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to the first line anti-TB drugs had no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).The resistance rates of first line anti-TB drugs from high to low were isoniazid,rifampicin,streptomycin and ethambutol.The drug resistance rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains to 5 types of drug resistant TB had no statistical difference(P＞0.05).Conclusion The drug resistance rate in the initial patients with HIV complicating TB is consistent with the average initial drugresistance level of TB patients in our country.The TB drug resistance rate in the patients with HIV complicating TB has no correlation with CD4+ T cells count.

Objective To determine the roles of thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor (TSLPR) and its antibody in airway inflammatory response in asthmatic mice, and to promote maturation and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) in mouse airway. Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into group A, B and C. The mice in group B and C were intraperitoneally injected with OVA for allergization while the mice in group A were intraperitoneally injected with PBS as the normal control. The mice in group B and C were treated by inhalation of non-specific IgG and TSLPR IgG respectively, before provocation of asthma using OVA. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the mice in different groups were collected for cell differential counts and quantitative detection of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γand IL-10 levels by ELISA. Moreover, the pulmonary tissue specimens of the mice were collected for pathological examination, and the numbers and phenotypes of DCs from the local lymph nodes and pulmonary tissue were determined by flow cytometry. Results The levels of all the tested cytokines in the BALF from mice in group B and C were remarkably higher compared to those from mice in group A (P<0.01). However, both the IL-4 and IL-5 levels in the BALF from group C mice that pre-blocked with TSLPR IgG were lower than those from group B (P<0.05, P<0.01), whereas both the IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in the BALF from group C mice were higher than those from group B (P<0.05, P<0.01). Furthermore, the numbers of total cells, eosinophils and lymphocytes in the BALF from group C mice were also lower than those from group B (P<0.01). A large number of inflammatory cell infiltration around the bronchus, beaker cell proliferation and mucous secretion reinforcement could be found in the samples from group B mice, while slight inflammatory cell infiltration and beaker cell proliferation in the samples from group C mice. The numbers of DCs in mediastinal lymph node and the levels of I-Ad, CD40, CD80 and CD86 expression of pulmonary DCs from group B mice were higher than those from group C mice (P<0.05). Conclusion TSLP/TSLPR have an effect on promoting asthma, which is closely relative to its regulation of DCs activation. And the interference of TSLPR antibody can decrease the effect of TSLP/TSLPR which indicating a potential of the antibody as a novel anti-asthma drug.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that miR-21 expression is increased during osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, but the action and molecular mechanism of miR-21 are stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To verify the target gene of miR-21, Spry1, and to explore the role of Spry1 in osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Luciferase report was used to verify Spry1 gene targeted by miR-21, and western blot assay was used to detect the expression of Spry1 in the osteogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Spry1 expression vector was established and transfected into human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Osteogenesis ability of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was analyzed after Spry1 high expression by alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red staining, RT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Luciferase report suggested that Spry1 was a target gene of miR-21. The expression level of Spry1 was decreased in the osteogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Increasing expression of Spry1 could inhibit osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. These results indicate that Spry1 as a target gene of miR-21 negatively regulates osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and plays an important role in bone formation process.

Teachers introduced the means of the scientific thinking and scientific research prac-tice in the curriculum of proteomics in order to train the postgraduates to joint the theory and the practical research work in the curriculum course. For example, to cultivate students to truly understand the 2-DE protein separation technique, teachers used the various proteomic profile obtained from our research to points out its problems and limitations based on the classical 2-DE, then compared the improved 2-DE protein separation chromatography with the classical 2-DE graphic and analyzed what is the problem and how to solve them in the practical work. To improve the ability of scientific thinking for postgraduates , teachers took the tumor as the teaching cases and asked the postgraduates to search the references of can-cer associated with their professional , to put forward the scientific problems based on carefully reading these references, to design their research project and to seek the answer to their issue. These new teaching methods were found to be beneficial in training scientific talents of medical postgraduates.

Objective To investigate the detection of human bocavirus (HBoV) in children with acute respiratory infection and to explore the relationship between viral load and clinical characteristics of acute respiratory infection in children.Methods A total of 4 501 nasopharyngeal secretion samples were collected from hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection from January 2013 to June 2013.HBoV-positive children were divided into simple infection group and mixed infection group.Children with HBoV DNA≥1 × 104 copy/mL were categorized into high viral load group,while those with HBoV DNA ＜1 × 104 copy/mL were categorized into low viral load group.HBoV was determined by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV),influenza virus (Inf)-A,Inf-B,parainfluenza virus (Pinf)-Ⅰ 、Pinf-Ⅱ 、Pinf-Ⅲ and adeno virus antigen were detected by direct antigen-specific immunofluorescence assays.Mycoplasm Pnuemonia was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Serum mycoplasma antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Bacteria was detected by sputum culture.Over the same period,23 children undergoing elective inguinal hernia operation with no respiratory infection or fever were considered as control group.The percentage of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets were tested by flow cytometry.Inter-group differences were compared using Chi-square test or Fisher exact test.Viral loads were compared using Mann-Whitney test.Results Two hundred and twenty-two HBoV-positive cases were detected with a positive rate of 5.41％ (222/4 105),33.33％ (74/222) of which were with high viral load and 66.67％ (148/222) were with low viral load.There was a high incidence in the age group of 1-2 years.The simple HBoV infection accounted for 24.32％,including 26 cases with high viral load and 28 cases with low viral load.Wheezing was more common in patients with high viral load than those with low viral load,and the difference was statistically significant (88.46 ％ vs 42.86 ％,x2 =12.295,P=0.001).Among the 222 HBoV-positive cases,the median viral load of HBoV in simple infection group was 3.86 × 103 copy/mL,and 1.0× 103 copy/mL in mixed infection group.The difference of the viral load between these two groups was statistically significant (Z =2.906,P =0.004).Mycoplasma and Streptococcus pneumonia were most commonly detected in the 168 patients with mixed infection.Percentages of CD3+ and CD3+/CD8+ subsets were significantly lower in HBoV simple infection group and mixed infection group,compared to control group (both P＜0.05).However,percentages of CD3 /CD19+,CD19+/ CD23+ subsets were significantly higher in HBoV simple infection group and mixed infection group,compared to control group (both P＜0.05).Conclusions HBoV is one of the pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infection in children,which lead to cellular immunity dysfunction in children.Moreover,children with higher HBoV load are more likely to develop wheezing.Co-infection with other pathogens should be considered in children with low HBoV load.

Objective: To clone the Fab gene of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) BDI against human bladder cancer and its expression in E. coli. Methods: Fd and K genes of mAb BDI were cloned by RT-PCR and inserted into an Fab expression vector. Phage displaying Fab and soluble Fab were expressed in E. coli. The N-terminal sequence of VH region was corrected by PCR mediated mutagenesis. The antigen-binding characteristics of the Fab were tested by ELISA and immu-nohistochemistry. Results: Fd and K genes were cloned into the expressing vector p3MH and the phage displaying antibody and soluble Fab were expressed in E. coli, which showed weak binding activity to bladder cancer cells. Correction of the N-terminal sequence of the VHimproved the biding activity dramatically. The feasibility of the application of the Fab in phage antibody library screening was confirmed by a simulated panning procedure. Conclusion: The Fab gene of an anti-human bladder cancer mAb was expressed in E. coli. The importance of the N-terminal sequence on antibody binding activity was suggested.

Objective To investigate demographic factors implicated in the functional maturation of autologous arteriovenous fistula in a population of patients with end-stage renal disease. Methods The data of 335 consecutive patients with end-stage renal disease who were performed autologous arteriovenous fistula from January 2010 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The parameters affecting autologous arteriovenous fistula functional maturation were screened. Results Overall arteriovenous fistula functional maturation rate was 78.14%(218/279). The arteriovenous fistula functional maturation rate was 68.33%(82/120) in diabetes and 85.54%(136/159) in non-diabetes, and there was significant difference (χ2=11.844, P<0.01). The arteriovenous fistula functional maturation rate was 62.26%(33/53) in hypoproteinemia and 81.86%(185/226) in non-hypoproteinemia, and there was significant difference (χ2=9.648, P<0.01). Diabetes and hypoproteinemia were the risk factors to promote functional maturation (OR=6.003, 8.476). The arteriovenous fistula functional maturation rate was 87.10%(81/93) in calcium channel blockers using and 73.66%(137/186) in non-calcium channel blockers using, and there was significant difference (χ2=6.556, P<0.05). Calcium channel blockers was the protective factor for promoting functional maturation (OR=0.086). Conclusions Diabetes and hypoproteinemia are found to be associated with functional non-maturation, while calcium channel-blocker agents are associated with better functional maturation.