Aim To investigate the alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in early diabetic rat myo-cardium and clarify its role in development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods The diabetes mellitus ( DM) model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin ( STZ, 60 μg · g-1 ) . The alteration of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. HE staining was used to analyze the change of myocardial pathologi-cal structure. Results Cardiac histological analyses revealed that DM induced cardiomyocyte degeneration and necrosis. Myocardial Wnt2, β-catenin and c-Myc were enhanced in 2 wk DM compared with control group while DKK1 showed no significant alteration. Conclusion Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is acti-vated in early diabetic myocardial injury. Further re-searches on its role in DM myocardium may find a new therapeutic target for diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) is the environment on which leukemia cells depend. It contains stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells, and abundant cytokines, which can regulate the differentiation and proliferation of leukemia cells. The regulation of BMM on the differentiation of leukemia cells is a complex process that can act on different targets and signaling pathways. It mainly includes hypoxia-inducible factor, integrins, Notch, and Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways. The study of relationship between BMM and leukemia cell differentiation can help to find pathways and targets that induce leukemia differentiation which will find new directions for the treatment of leukemia.

Objective To analyze the articles published in Chinese Journal of Endemiology from 2013 to 2017,and to reflect the research status on prevention and treatment of endemic diseases in China.Methods Papers published in Chinese Journal of Endemiology from 2013-2017 were searched as study objects in Wanfang data knowledge service platform.Bibliometrics analysis and knowledge mapping methods were used for analysis.Results A total of 1 128 papers were included.There were 10 authors from 4 work units,who have published more than 20 papers,respectively.From 2013 to 2017,there were 622 major academic institutions that had published papers in Chinese Journal of Endemiology,among which 11 had published more than 20 articles.The types of institutions included research institutes,universities,centers for disease control and prevention and hospitals,etc.;the institutions were mainly in endemic areas.A total of 1 128 academic papers contained 1 586 valid keywords,of which 91 high frequency keywords with a frequency of 7 or above were included,and the main hot words were iodine,urine and fluorosis.The research hotspots in the field of endemic diseases prevention and treatment in China had been related to:①iodine deficiency and high iodine-induced thyroid diseases;②studies related to endemic fluorosis;③pathogenesis of Kaschin-Beck disease and epidemiological study of endemic arsenic poisoning and prevention;④epidemiology and control of other endemic diseases such as plague,brucellosis and Keshan disease.Conclusions Chinese Journal of Endemiology has a variety of research institutions.Research hotspots are covered in a comprehensive way with prominent emphasis.The author team is stable,the type of cooperation between authors is based on internal cooperation within the same institution,the inter-institutional communication and cooperation need to be strengthened.

OBJECTIVETo establish the rat model of acute pulmonary embolism, and study the changes of vascular active substances in pulmonary embolism rats, and investigate the interventive effect of anticoagulant drugs on vascular active substances.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin treated group and rivaroxaban-treated group (n = 32 in each group). The method of autologous thrombosis was used to establish the animal model of acute pulmonary embolism. The animals were treated with saline or different anticoagulant drugs. The physiological and biochemical parameters were detected at different time points after embolization. The rats were killed after embolism of 24 h, 3 d, 5 d or 1 week respectively and the pathologic samples of lung tissues were collected to analyze the pulmonary pathological changes in different groups.

RESULTSRats in embolization group after blood clots injection showed shortness of breath, oral cyanosis; quicken heart rates and other symptoms. All embolization groups had pulmonary hypertension, the levels of type B natriuretic peptide (BNP) were increased significantly. The ratio of endothelin-1 (ET-1)/NO and thromboxane (TXB2) and prostacyclin (6-k-PGFla) were abnormal. After treated with effective anticoagulant drugs, the levels of BNP, ET-1, NO, TXB2 and 6-k-PGF1a were tended to the normal levels in the control group. The pulmonary hypertensions were gradually decreased. The efficacy of rivaroxaban on pulmonary embolism was the same as that of the low molecular weight heparin or warfarin.

CONCLUSIONAnticoagulation therapy can effectively improve endothelial function after pulmonary embolism, reduce pulmonary hypertension, and revise the increased BNP levels to normal levels. The efficacy of rivaroxaban is not inferior to that of low molecular weight heparin and warfarin.

Animals ; Anticoagulants ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; pharmacology ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Lung ; pathology ; Morpholines ; pharmacology ; Pulmonary Embolism ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rivaroxaban ; Thiophenes ; pharmacology ; Warfarin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy in the treatment of post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome between floating-needle therapy and conventional acupuncture on the basis of rehabilitation training.

METHODSOne hundred cases of post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome were randomized into a floating-needle group and an acupuncture group, 50 cases in each one. The passive and positive rehabilitation training was adopted in the two groups. Additionally, in the floating-needle group, the floating-needle therapy was used. The needle was inserted at the site 5 to 10 cm away from myofasical trigger point (MTrP), manipulated and scattered subcutaneously, for 2 min continuously. In the acupuncture group, the conventional acupuncture was applied at Jianqian (EX-UE), Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (TE 14), etc. The treatment was given once every two days, 3 times a week, and 14 days of treatment were required. The shoulder hand syndrome scale (SHSS), the short form McGill pain scale (SF-MPQ) and the modified Fugl-Meyer motor function scale (FMA) were used to evaluate the damage severity, pain and motor function of the upper limbs before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSSHSS score, SF-MPQ score and FMA score were improved significantly after treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.01), and the improvements in the floating-needle group were superior to those in the acupuncture group (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate was 94.0% (47/50) in the floating-needle group, which was better than 90.0% (45/50) in the acupuncture group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe floating-needle therapy combined with rehabilitation training achieves a satisfactory efficacy on post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome, which is better than the combined therapy of conventional acupuncture and rehabilitation training.

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy ; etiology ; rehabilitation ; therapy ; Stroke ; complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEPPTA and c-fos mRNA expression were detected in dog caudalis subnucleus of trigeminal spinal tract nucleus (VC) induced by trauma occlusion in order to investigate orofacial pain mechanism.

METHODSThe occlusal surface of the first and second maxillary right molars in 15 dogs were unilaterally raised 1.5 mm with casting Ni-Cr inlay which were fixed in Class I hole. On days 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 after teeth operation, the VC of right and left sides were removed. PPTA and c-fos mRNAs were detected in experimental and control groups with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS(1) The basal levels of PPTA and c-fos mRNAs were extremely low and poorly detectable in VC in control animals. (2) The expression of PPTA mRNA in VC of traumatic side was up regulated from 3 days after inlay was fixed in molar and reached peak level during 14 to 30 days and then down-regulated gradually and no significant difference was noted between 60 days group and control group. (3) c-fos mRNA expression was more intense during 3 to 7 days compared with the control group but undetectable in the other experimental period. (4) Both PPTA and c-fos mRNAs expression in VC of trauma occlusal side were more intense than that in the contralateral side.

CONCLUSIONSThe present results show that both PPTA and c-fos mRNA expression are elevated in dog's VC induced by traumatic occlusion. The primary afferent terminal of orofacial area is sensitized, which suggest one kind of mechanism of orofacial pain in the condition of traumatic occlusion.

Animals ; Dental Occlusion, Traumatic ; physiopathology ; Dogs ; Facial Neuralgia ; etiology ; Protein Precursors ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Tachykinins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation on retinal cells apoptosis and changes to neurotrophin-3 (NT-3 and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in rats with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

METHODSSeven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control (CON), ROP, BMSC transplantation (BMSCs were transplanted 5 days after oxygen conditioning) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) groups. The ROP model was prepared according to the classic hyperoxygen method. Seven days after transplantation, TUNEL/DAPI, NT-3/API and CNTF/DAPI double-labeled immunofluorescence were used to examine the effects of BMSC transplantation on both the apoptosis of retinal cells and the expression of NT-3 and CNTF protein in the retinal cells of the ROP rats.

RESULTSSeven days after BMSC transplantation, there were few TUNEL+ DAPI+ cells observed in the CON group. There were fewer TUNEL+DAPI+ cells observed in the BMSC group than in the ROP group (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the ROP and PBS groups (P>0.05). There were few NT-3+DAPI+ cells and CNTF+DAPI+ cells in the CON group. There were more NT-3+DAPI+ and CNTF+DAPI+ cells in the ROP group than in the CON group, but there was no significant difference between the ROP and CON groups (P>0.05). More NT-3+DAPI+ and CNTF+DAPI+ cells were observed in the BMSC group compared with the ROP group (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in either NT-3+DAPI+ or CNTF+DAPI+ cells between the ROP and PBS groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBMSC transplantation therapy could alleviate the apoptosis of retinal cells in ROP rats, and its mechanisms might be associated with promoting the expression of NT-3 and CNTF protein in retinal cells.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; physiology ; Cell Proliferation ; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Neurotrophin 3 ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retina ; pathology ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; metabolism ; therapy

Objective To understand healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in group burn/trauma patients,and explore its risk factors.Methods HAI occurred among 25 hospitalized patients with group burn/trauma during a bus deflagration event on May 12,2014 were monitored and analyzed.Results Of 25 burn/trauma patients,7 de-veloped 10 times of HAI,incidence and case incidence of HAI were 28.00% and 40.00% respectively;the main in-fection sites were wound and lower respiratory tract,accounting for 60.00% and 30.00% respectively.30 strains of pathogens were isolated from 7 patients with HAI,including 16 strains (53.34%)of gram-negative bacteria,13 strains(43.33%)of gram-positive bacteria,and 1 fungus (3.33% ).Risk factors for HAI were large burned area, high degree of inhalation injury,arteriovenous catheterization,urinary tract catheterization,tracheotomy,use of ventilator,and surgery.Conclusion Incidence of HAI is high in the group burn/trauma patients,corresponding in-tervention measures should be formulated according to the risk factors,so as to reduce the occurrence of HAI.

Pannexin is a new member of gap junction families which was discovered in 2000 and was widely distributed in humans. Pannexin forms hemichannels and participates in transmission of small molecules and many other pathophysiological processes. Recent studies have found that the abnormal expression of pannexin is related to occurrence and development of tumors. This article reviews the relationship between pannexin and tumors,and aims to provide new i-deas for treatment of tumors.

OBJECTIVE To observe the cross section diameter and the effects of pricking blood therapy on acute gouty ar-thrits rats model's interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-10(IL-10)mRNA expression and promoter methylation in local ankle,and explore the epigenetics mechanisms of pricking blood therapy's treatment.METHODS 36 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group,urate arthritis group,ibuprofen group and bloodletting group.The acute gouty arthrits model set up by injecting uric acid into the right ankle joint cavity.The ibuprofen group was treated by gastric perfusion of ibuprofen,while the bloodletting group was pricked at the right Kunlun points.The swelling index of the modeling joint was evaluated,and the morphological changes were observed under light microscope.The mRNA expression levels and promoter methylation status of IL-1βand IL-10 in rats local ankle were detected by qPCR and pyrosequencing detection.RESULTS Compared with the urate arthritis group and ibuprofen group,the joint swelling index in the bloodletting group was decreased(P<0.01)after the treatment.Pricking blood therapy reduced intracellular deposition of uric acid in the joint cavity,and inhibited inflammato-ry cells to improve the synovial membrane tissue.Compared with urate arthritis group,the IL-1βmRNA expression levels of blood group was decreased significantly(P<0.01).IL-1βpromoter methylation and mRNA expression didn't showed a nega-tive correlation.Compared with normal control group,urate arthritis group and ibuprofen group,the expression levels of IL-10 mRNA in blood group increased significantly(P<0.01),and the average methylation rate of IL-10 among blood group de-creased significantly(P<0.05～0.01).IL-10 promoter methylation and mRNA expression showed a strong negative correla-tion(r=-0.899,P<0.01).CONCLUSION In epigenetics,the methylation of IL-10 can regulate the gene expression,which can be one of important mechanisms which shows anti-inflammatory effects of pricking blood therapy,.