Congresses as Topic ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Rhinitis ; surgery ; Skull Base ; surgery

In this study, we use pot experiment to evaluate the effect of plant growth regulator on plant morphology and biomass allocation of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Different concentrations of uniconazole were supplied to S. miltioohiza by means of foliar spray. Height, breadth and stem diameter were measured dynamically, the biomass of leaf, stem, flower and fruit, root biomass and biomass ratio were also examined at the harvest time. Owing to the treatment, plant morphology showed significant changes, the height had been greatly reduced and the breadth decreased largely. Meanwhile, the biomass allocation changed too. The biomass ratio of leaf and stem had been notably reduced while the biomass ratio of root had been increased remarkably. It appears that foliar application of uniconazole during vigorous growth period in S. miltioohiza has dramatic effect on dwarfing plant and improving resistant to lodging. This measure could also be applied to condensed cultivation of S. miltioohiza to increase production.
Biomass ; Plant Growth Regulators ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Triazoles ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the value of renal parenchymal volume and thickness by non-contrast spiral CT in evaluating the differential glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for chronic obstructed kidneys, and to compare the correlations between the two morphologic indices of renal parenchyma and the GFR for chronic obstructed kidneys. Methods Seventy-one patients who had a diagnosis of unilateral chronic upper urinary tract obstruction were included in this analysis. (1) The renal parenchymal volume was mea-sured by non-contrast spiral CT. Both kidneys were scanned by non-contrast spiral CT. The renal parenchymal area of each section was marked manually. Renal parenchymal volume was calculated as the sum of renal parenchymal area multiplied by the width of each section. The volume percentage of obstructed kidney (%CTvol) was also calculated. (2) Renal parenchymal thickness was measured on the first and last non-contrast CT image levels from the anterior, posterior and lateral locations of the kidney that clearly contained the collecting system. The mean of these measurements was defined as the renal parenchymal thickness. The differential renal parenchymal thickness of the obstructed kidney (%CTt) was defined as the percentage of the obstructed renal parenchymal thickness to the total renal parenchymal thickness for both kidneys. GFR was determined with 99Tcm-DTPA dynamic imaging system by Gates method. The differential GFR for obstructed kidney (%GFR) was the GFR percentage of obstructed kidney to the total GFR for both kidneys. The Pearson relation test was carried out between the %CTvol, %CTt and the %GFR respectively. Results %CTvol and %CTt correlated well with %GFR in chronic obstructed kidneys among the 71 test group patients. Pearson correlation coefficient r was 0.80 (t=11.20, P＜0.05) and 0.66 (t=7.24, P＜0.05), respectively. The linear correlation equation respectively was %GFR=0.05+0.80×%CTvol (F=125.48, P＜0.05) and %GFR=0.12+0.66×%CTt (F=52.36, P＜0.05). Conclusions Renal parenchymal volume and thickness by non-contrast spiral CT might be used as clinical practical parameters to evaluate the differential GFR for chronic obstructed kidneys. Renal parenchymal volume is more accurate than renal parenchymal thickness.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the ADAM gene expression and unknown reason infertile patients. Methods With RT-PCR mehtod, we checked from normal group semen 30 cases and infertile group semen 30 cases in order to know the ADAM1,2,3,32 mRNA expression. Results there are the ADAM1,2,3,32 gene expression in all 30 cases of normal group whereas in 30 cases infertile patients there exists 1 case ADAM1,2,32 lacking expression, 1 case ADAM2,32 lacking expression, 1 case ADAM1 and 1 case ADAM3 lacking expression. Conclusions The lacking of ADAM1,2,3,32 may be one of the most reasons which cause the infertility.

Objective To evaluate the effect of transurethral feedback microwave thermotherapy with the ProstaLund CoreTherm Device(PLFT) in high risk patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Methods Sixty-six high risk patients diagnosed with BPH, including aged ≥80 in 32 pa-tients, hypertension in 31 patients, diabetes in 5 patients, heart failure in 8 patients, chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary disease in 8 patients, cerebral infarction in 11 patients, fracture, amputation or joint stiffness unsuitable for lithotomy position in 3 patients, abnormal blood coagulation in 4 patients, pan-creatitis in 2 patients, cardiac arrhythmia in 6 patients and malignant tumor in 3 patients, were treated with PLFT using individual power at urethral local anesthesia, resulting in coagulation necrosis in 15%-30% of prostate tissue around urethra. Meanwhile, real-time monitoring the temperature of prostate and the tissue around it was used. All patients were evaluated by comparing volume of pros-tate, maximal urinary flow (Q_max), international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and quality of life questionnaire (QOL) in pre-treatment and three months after respectively. Results All of patients well tolerated PLFT. There was bleeding lightly, infection lightly and temporary incontinence. There was no severe surgical complication. After three months, the volume of prostate reduced from 62. 2 ml to 44.5 ml; IPSS decreased from 23. 4 to 11.7; QOL decreased from 4.5 to 2.4; Q_max rised from 4, 2 ml/s to 11.2 ml/s. All differences reached significance. Conclusion PLFT is one of effective and safe treatments for patients with BPH especial BPH complicating with severe conditions.

Objective To investigate the approach and safety of minimally invasive surgical procedures treating symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi. Methods Clinical data of 21 cases with symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi were retrospectively reviewed. Twelve females and 9 males aged 22 to 57 years old. The average diameter of caliceal diverticulum was 3.7 cm (2.5-7.0 cm) and average diameter of calculi was 2.3 cm (0.8-3.5 cm). The patients underwent flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy, PCNL or mPCNL, laparoscopic techniques and laparoscopy-assisted transperitoneal PCNL, respectively. Four cases underwent flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy. PCNL (2 cases) or mPCNL(5 cases)were performed in 7 cases. Nine cases underwent laparoscopic techniques. Laparoscopyassisted transperitoneal PCNL was performed in 1 case. Results The operations were performed successfully in 21 cases. No case need to transfer to open surgery during the operation and no major complications like perforation or organic injury were noted. One case with iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula of the kidney after 1 week postoperative was cured by delayed hemorrhage 2 days later, while clinical symptoms of 2 cases with residue calculi relieved. 19 cases without residue calculi were followed up for 6 to 12 month without recurrence. Conclusions After handling indication of treatment efficiently and creating advisable therapeutic decision-making, minimally invasive surgical procedures treating symptomatic caliceal diverticular calculi appears to be effective and safe.

Objective To approach the effects of full Marathon on striated muscle and renal function of Marathon amateurs without complaints. Methods A prospective self-paired design study was conducted. The amateurs without body discomfort, hematuria, brown urine, or persistent muscle pain within 1 week after the 2012 Xiamen International Marathon Race were enrolled voluntarily. The peripheral blood and random urine specimens of all subjects under static status 1 week before the race and after the race instantly (within 10 minutes after finishing the race) were collected to detect markers of renal function and striated muscle injury. Results Sixty-one subjects were included in the final analysis of the study with full Marathon of 42.195 km and mean race time of (297.05± 55.60) minutes. Compared with those under static status before the race, the markers of renal function including the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucusamidase [NAG (U/L): 64.00 (54.50, 85.50) vs. 9.50 (8.10, 11.50)], urinary β2-microspheres protein [β2-MG (μg/L): 261.00 (128.50, 1 608.00) vs. 66.60 (33.75, 123.00)], random urinary creatinine [UCr (μmol/L): 19 066.56±10 938.31 vs. 5 872.52±4 363.20] and serum creatinine [SCr (μmol/L): 129.97±25.84 vs. 97.39±14.51] immediately after the race were significantly increased (all P < 0.01); the markers of muscle injury including the levels of serum creatine kinase [CK (U/L): 864.00 (504.00, 1 644.00) vs. 164.00 (128.00, 256.00)], lactic dehydrogenase [LDH (U/L): 383.26±141.69 vs. 182.23±41.12], myoglobin [Mb (mg/L): 1 880.00 (1 080.00, 3 300.00) vs. 42.00 (36.00, 54.50)], alanine aminotransferase [ALT (U/L): 27.0 (19.5, 38.0) vs. 24.0 (15.0, 29.5)] and aspartate transaminase [AST (U/L): 52.07±25.13 vs. 28.28±11.86] were also significantly increased (all P < 0.01), and the increase in CK, Mb, and LDH were more significant. It was shown by correlation analysis that CK after race was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.352, P = 0.005) and body mass index (r = -0.271, P = 0.035), and it was positively correlated with racing time (r = 0.387, P = 0.002) and urinary β2-MG after the race instantly (r = 0.364, P = 0.004). Mb after race was negatively correlated with body mass index (r = -0.331, P = 0.009), and it was positively correlated with urinary β2-MG after the race instantly (r = 0.315, P = 0.013). LDH after race was negatively correlated with age (r = -0.275, P = 0.032) and body mass index (r = -0.377, P = 0.003), and it was positively correlated with urinary β2-MG after the race instantly (r = 0.424, P = 0.001). Conclusion Full Marathon could significantly impact striated muscle and renal function of Marathon amateurs without complaints.

To observe the expression of N - cadherin and fibronectin in retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE) cells in vitro under high glucose conditions, furthermore, to explore the effects of high glucose on epithelial -mesenchymal transition (EMT) in RPE cells.
●METHODS: Human RPE (hRPE) cells were cultured in vitro. Containing a final concentration of 60mmol/ L glucose was used for high glucose treatment. The cells were divided into normal glucose group (5. 5mmol/ L, NG) and high glucose group (24, 48 and 72h) respectively. The expression of N - cadherin and fibronectin in hRPE cells were evaluated by immunofluorescence and real -time PCR.
●RESULTS:RPE cells became disorganized and swollen over time under high glucose conditions, especially in 72h subgroup. lmmunohistochemical analysis revealed that the expression of N - cadherin in RPE cells under high glucose conditions was decreased compared with that in the control group, while the expression of fibronectin was increased. Real - time PCR results showed that the expression of N - cadherin mRNA in high glucose group was decreased at 24h compared with that in the control group, and declined markedly at 72h ( F = 12. 252, P =0. 000). There were no significant differences between the control group and the high glucose group at 24h, while the differences between the control group and the high glucose group (48 and 72h) were significant respectively (P < 0. 05 ). Meanwhile, the expression of fibronectin mRNA in RPE cells was increased in high glucose group at 24h, and reached the peak at 72h (F = 50. 543, P = 0. 000). There were no significant differences between the control group and the high glucose group at 24h. Compared with the control group, the expression of fibronectin mRNA in hRPE cells was increased significantly in high glucose group (48 and 72h) respectively (P= 0. 000, P= 0. 000).
●CONCLUSlON: The expression of epithelium marker N-cadherin is down - regulated under high glucose conditions in hRPE cells in vitro. Meanwhile, the expression of mesenchymal maker fibronectin is induced and appeared to EMT changes. Results of this study will enrich our growing understanding in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and hopefully lead to novel insights for the pathogenesis and therapeutic treatments.

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of major causes of death of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).MethodsDeath cases with SLE from January 1986 to May 2011 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsOut of 3554 patients with SLE,252 patients died,including 223 women and 29 men.The mortality rate was 7.2％ among female and 6.2％ among male,the overall mortality rate was 7.1％.The mortality rate in SLE patients had dropped steadily in the past 25 years,but there was a mild increase of mortality in 2006-2011 compared with that in 2001-2005 (5.7％vs 5.3％ ).In addition to infection,neuropsychiatric lupus and lupus nephritis had become the most common causes of death in SLE patients during the past 25 years.Furthermore,diffuse alveolar hemorrhage,severe pulmonary hypertension,coronary heart disease,thrombocytopenia,interstitial lung disease,lupus pneumonia,gastrointestinal hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction and multiple organ failure were the common causes of death,accounting for 4.4％,4.4％,3.2％,2.8％,2.4％,2.0％,2.0％,1.2％ and 1.2％ of all the death cases respectively.From 1986 to 2005,infection,neuropsychiatric lupus and lupus nephritis were the most common causes of death in patients with SLE,whereas the cases dying from lupus nephritis had decreased obviously and severe pulmonary hypertension had become the third most frequent causes of death during the past 5years.From 1986 to 1990,lupus nephritis,infection and neuropsychiatric lupus accounted for 31.4％,25.7％and 25.7％ of death cases respectively.From 1991 to 1995,lupus nephritis,infection and neuropsychiatric lupus accounted for 27.6％,24.1％ and 24.1％ respectively.From 1996 to 2000,infection,neuropsychiatric lupus and lupus nephritis took up 31.6％,21.1％ and 15.8％ respectively.From 2001 to 2005,infection,neuropsychiatric lupus and lupus nephritis took up 34.9％,20.6％ and 7.9％ respectively.From 2006 to 2011,infection, neuropsychiatric lupus and pulmonary hypertension accounted for 60.3％, 11.8％ and 7.4％ respectively.The mortality in the first year was the highest in the whole disease course,accounting for 32.5％ of patients.Deaths caused by neuropsychiatric lupus and infection happened most frequently during the first year,accounting for 41.9％ and 32.9％,whereas deaths caused by lupus nephritis occurred most frequently 10 years later,accounting for 32.3％.Age and gender had significant association with the major causes of death.The male patients took up 50.0％ of the total patients dying from coronary heart disease,in which 75.0％ of patients were older than 50 years.ConclusionInfection,neuropsychiatric lupus and lupus nephritis are the three most common causes of death in SLE patients fron 1986 to 2005.Severe pulmonary hypertension has become the third most frequent causes of death during the past 5 years instead of lupus nephritis.Severe infection has increased significantly and has been the leading cause of death in SLE patients in recent 5 years.

Objective To evaluate the effect of transurethral feedback microwave thermotherapy with the ProstaLund CoreTherm Device (PLFT) in benign prostate hyperplasia ( BPH ) patients with high risk factors 24 months after treatment.MethodsSixty-two BPH cases with high risk factors of aged ≥ 80or complicating severe conditions of no less than one organ or system,were treated with PLFT under urethral local anesthesia.The average pre-treatment prostate volume,international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life score (QOL) and maximal urinary flow (Qmax) were 62.03 ml,23.19,4.58 and 4.33 ml/s,respectively.The changes of prostate volume,IPSS,QOL and Qmax at 3 months,12 months and 24 months after treatment were analyzed.ResultsAll patients tolerated well of PLFT performed in common therapy room except lightly bleeding,minor infection and temporary incontinence.There was no severe surgical adverse event.After 3 months,the prostate volume reduced to 43.85 ml,IPSS decreased to 11.63,QOL decreased to 2.44,Qmax rose up to 11.44 ml/s； The average values were 45.10 ml,12.23,2.61 and 10.91ml/s at 12 months after treatment.The corresponding values were 45.80 ml,12.37,2.66 and 10.82 ml/s,respectively at 24 months after treatment.Compared with pre-treatment,all the parameters showed significant improvement ( P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsPLFT is one of the effective and safe treatment options for BPH patients with high risk factors.It can be safely used on day-surgery patients.The best effect appears at 3 months after treatment.