Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of dietary,exercise intervention combined with Rou-ganjiangzhi capsule on non -alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods A randomized,double -blinded and placebo drug parallel controlled method was used in this study.Sixty patients were enrolled into the study and randomly assigned into treatment group and control group.The patients of treatment group were taken with Rouganjiangzhi capsule combined behavior intervention.The patients of control group were taken with placebo drug combined behavior inter-vention.Each patient were accepted 12 weeks of the therapy.After treatment,the clinical symptoms,liver function, blood lipids,indicators of changes in imaging were detected,and the results of each group statistically were analyzed. Results After 12 weeks treatment,five patients were rejected,and the clinical symptoms,body mass index (BMI), waist -hip ratio were markedly improved in each group:[(1.02 ±1.08)points,(26.29 ±2.54),(0.92 ±0.04), (0.81 ±0.95),(26.58 ±3.11)and (0.91 ±0.04)]compared with[(3.62 ±0.96)points,(27.63 ±2.50),(0.94 ± 0.03),(3.60 ±0.95),(28.22 ±3.14),(0.95 ±0.03)(t =4.74,2.64,0.82,4.62,3.61,0.84,all P <0.05)]. After the treatment,the liver function (ALT,GGT)and cholesterol (TC)of treatment group decreased significantly than that before treatment:[(75.28 ±25.19)IU /L,(48.41 ±38.42)IU /L,(3.02 ±0.85)IU /L],compared with [(127.46 ±52.42)IU /L,(48.41 ±38.42)IU /L,(4.63 ±0.69)IU /L (t =2.54,2.18,2.42,all P <0.05)],while the liver function (ALT,AST,GGT)and blood lipids(TC,TG)of control group had no significantly decreased.The liver and spleen CT ratio raised apparently in treatment group than control group (0.86 ±0.24),(0.71 ±0.20)(t =0.83, P <0.05).Conclusion Rouganjiangzhi capsule achieve the good therapeutic effect on non -alcoholic fatty liver.

laparoscopic technology has been widely used in the fields of surgery such as general surgery etc. It has several advantages,such as directly showing abdominal organs,demonstrating operation procedure and being easy to make and spread operation video material. Laparoscopic system should be used for intern teaching in general surgery department to improve their learning and performance.

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound in diagnosis of fetal simple unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) disease.Methods Pregnant women who underwent prenatal ultrasound screening and follow-up were analyzed retrospectively,and 29 fetues with MCDK were found.After exclusion of pregnancy syndrome,other structural abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities,15 fetues willing to continue pregnancy and accepting the follow-up tracking observation were observed to postpartum.Ipsilateral renal ultrasonographic characteristics,contralateral renal morphology and size,growth and development of children and the renal function were analyzed.Results The minimum follow-up time of the 15 fetus was pregnancy to 7 months after birth,the maximum follow-up time was pregnancy to 5 years of age in children.Ultrasound showed that ipsilateral kidney volume became large in fetal period,reduced gradually in late pregnancy,and atrophy in 5 6 months after birth,even could not displayed with untrasound.The shape,size,and sonographic characteristics of the healthy kidney were similar to the normal gestational age kidney.Prenatal fetal growth indicators and amniotic fluid volume were normal.After birth,except for 1 child with overweight,other children's growth and development indicators were almost normal.Conclusion Fetus with simple unilateral MCDK has a good prognosis.Ultrasound has important value in the examination and follow-up.It can provide reliable basis for prenatal diagnosis and consultation.

The therapeutic effects and mechanisms of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs in treating osteoporosis have become the focus under study. Pharmacological studies have shown that traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs are promoters for the proliferation of osteoblasts, inhibitors for the activity of osteoclasts, regulators for the estrogen level and its receptor, plays important roles in promoting osteogenesis and suppressing adipogenesis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), modulating the function of OPG/RANK/RANKL system and the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, as well as antioxidation. The anti-osteoporotic active ingredients and pharmacological action mechanism of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs are summarized from the perspective of molecular and cell biology in this paper, so as to provide references for the study of their mechanism of anti-osteoporosis and for the development of traditional Chinese kidney-tonifying and bone-strengthening drugs.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects and safety of Sophoraflavescens preparation combined with Fuzheng huayu capsule on hepatic hemodynamics and fibrosis indexes in patients with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis.METHODS:One hundred and two patients diagnosed as hepatitis B liver cirrhosis in our hospital during Feb.2013-Jun.2014 were divided into combination group and control group according to random number table,with 51 cases in each group.Control group was treated with Adefovir dipivoxil capsules 10 mg,po,qd;combination group was additionally given Fuzheng huayu capsules 1.5 g,po,tid+Sophora flavescens preparation (Matrine glucose injection 250 mL,ivgtt,qd,in the first 3 months,oxymatrine capsules 200 mg,po,tid,after 3 months) on the basis of control group.Both groups were treated for 12 months.The levels of HBV-DNA,liver function indexes (AST,ALT,TBIL),portal hemodynamic indexes [main portal vein inner diameter (D),mean blood flow velocity (Ⅴ)] and liver fibrosis indexes [laminin protein (LN),hyaluronic acid (HA),type Ⅳ collagen (Ⅳ-C)] were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment.The negative conversion rate of HBV-DNA and incidence of ADR were recorded.RESULTS:Three cases lost to follow up,and a total of 48 effective cases were included in control group;5 cases lost to follow up,and a total of 46 effective cases were included in combination group.Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in HBV-DNA levels,liver function indexes (AST,ALT,TBIL),liver fibrosis indexes (LN,HA,Ⅳ-C) and portal vein hemodynamic indexes (D,V) between 2 groups (P＞0.05).After treatment,above indexes of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the combination group was significantly lower than the control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).The negative conversion rate of HBV-DNA in combination group was 93.5％,which was significantly higher than 79.2％ of control group,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups (P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Sophora flavescens preparation combined with Fuzheng huayu capsules can promote the recovery of liver function,regulate liver hemodynamics and alleviate hepatic fibrosis in patients with hepatitis B liver cirrhosis with good safety.

Objective To observe the bacteriostasis of herba houttuyniae liquid in bladder irrigation for treatment of rabbit bladder infection model, and to offer a new way for prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection.Methods Twenty male New Zealand long-eared white rabbits were divided into gentamicin control group and three different concentrations herba houttuyniae groups according to random number table method, each group 5 rabbits. The rabbit bladder infection model was replicated by injecting coli liquid 1 mL (105 cfu/mL) into the urinary bladder through a urethral catheter, and clipping the catheter for 1 hour. After model establishment for 3 days, in the three herba houttuyniae groups, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 g/mL herba houttuyniae liquid 50 mL were injected into the bladder respectively, and in the gentamicin control group, 160 kU gentamicin was injected into the bladder. Before molding and after molding for 3, 5, 7, 9 days, ear blood in rabbit was taken, and white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil percentage (N%) were tested; at the same time, the middle segment morning urine was taken to detect bacteriuria and urine WBC positive rates; after the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, the urinary bladder tissues were taken, and the pathological changes in urinary bladder tissue were observed by a light microscope.Results Before molding, the bacteriuria in animals of each group was negative and the results of urine WBC, blood WBC and N% were within normal range. After molding for 3 days, bacteriuria and urine WBC positive rates reached 100%; with the prolongation of treatment after molding, the above two rates in each group were gradually decreased, and herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL groups appeared statistical significance on the 5th day (bacteriuria positive rate was 60% and 40%, urine WBC positive rate was 60% and 40% respectively, while the gentamicin control group and herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL group was still 100% positive, allP < 0.01); on the 9th day, the bacteriuria positive rate in both higher dosage herba houttuyniae groups was 0, in 0.25 g/mL group, it still had the positive rate 20%, showing herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL had stronger inhibitory effect than herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL. WBC and N% were increased in each group after molding, and on the 3rd day, WBC and N were significantly higher in each group than those before molding [WBC (×109/L): gentamicin control group 13.00±5.23 vs. 8.95±2.69, herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL group 14.52±10.28 vs. 8.73±3.16, herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 12.97±11.33 vs. 7.83±4.51, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 13.03±9.17 vs. 6.45±3.85. N%: gentamicin control group 80.99±14.93 vs. 63.41±7.96, herba houttuyniae 0.25 g/mL group 89.62±9.41 vs. 70.01±9.13, herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 87.69±11.34 vs. 67.75±8.91, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 85.67±12.81 vs. 65.12±4.63]. On the 7th day, WBC and N% fell, and on the 9th day, the WBC and N% were restored to normal range in herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL and 1.00 g/mL groups [WBC (×109/L): herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 8.56±5.38, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 7.93±4.82. N%: herba houttuyniae 0.50 g/mL group 65.97±8.35, herba houttuyniae 1.00 g/mL group 65.57±9.12]. Under light microscopy, it was shown that the morphological appearances of tissue cells in various layers of bladder mucosa were normal in herba houttuyniae group, demonstrating that herba houttuyniae fluid in bladder did not cause allergic inflammatory reaction, etc.Conclusion The bacteriostatic action of herba houttuyniae liquid for bladder irrigation in treatment of rabbits with urinary tract infection is better than that of gentamicin.

This paper discusses the problems, clinical application and limitations of argon-helium cryosurgical scalpel and liquid nitrogen cryosurgical scalpel. The feasibility of self-absorption liquid-CO2 cryosurgical scalpel is analyzed. The result shows that self-absorption liquid-CO2 cryosurgical scalpel can be applied to cryosurgery.

To study the effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) on the nigral dopaminergic neurons in brain slices in vitro, immolunohistochemical technique was used to observe the changes of TH-stained neurons, including cell bodies and the dendrites, in the substantia nigra (SN) of midbrain slices of rats after incubation for 1 h in the presence of GSH 15 min before and during the period of incubation with 6-OHDA. The results showed that cell bodies remained intact but dendrites were fragmented and truncated after treatment with 6-OHDA. The antioxidant GSH alone did not significantly affect the dendrites of SN neurons but prevented 6-O-HDA-induced damage of dendrites. It was concluded that glutathione may prevent 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration and play a protective role in dopaminergic neurons.
Glutathione/*therapeutic use ; Neurons/pathology ; Oxidopamine ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced ; Parkinson Disease, Secondary/*drug therapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Substantia Nigra/pathology ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism

Objective To investigate the application of "Guidelines for performing fetal cardiac scan", issued by the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetries and Gynecology in 2006, in prenatal screening of fetal congenital heart disease (CHD). Method Totally, 5000 singleton pregnancies presented at the Maternal-Fetal Medical Center of the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from September 2006 to July 2007, for prenatal screening were included in this study, with the median maternal age of 28 ( range, 18～48 ) and the median gestation of 27 ( range, 18～40 ) weeks. Ultrasound screenings were performed on each fetal heart according to "Guidelines for performing fetal cardiac scan" via the four-chamber and outflow tracts & three-vessel views and fetal echocardiographies were further conducted for suspected cases. Once congenital heart disease was confirmed, amniocentesis or cordocentesis was suggested for fetal karyotyping for ongoing pregnancies and autopsy was performed when the pregnancy was terminated after formal consent. Bom babies were followed up at 2～6 months of age using echocardiography. Result The four-chamber views were successfully obtained in 97.64% (4882/5000) of all the pregnancies , among which the left ventricular and right ventricular outflow tracts and three-vessel views were obtained in 87.69% ( 4281/4882 ), 82.51% ( 4028/4882 ) and 96.29% ( 4701/4882 ), respectively. Higher successful rate was found in the second trimester than the third trimester in obtaining the standard views (P<0.05). Finally, 73 (1.50%) among the 4882 cases were diagnosed as CHD. Fifty of them were diagnosed prenatally (24 cases in the second trimester and 26 cases in the third trimester) and 23 were missed and 1 misdiagnosed by prenatal ultrasound. Eighteen cases were found with extracardiac malformations. Autopsy was performed in 19 CHD which diagnosed prenatally, and all autopsy reports were consistent with ultrasound foundings. Twelve babies received postnatal echocardiography among which 11 were unanimous, and 1 baby diagnosed as tricuspid insufficiency prenatally was confirmed normal after birth. Abnormal karyotype was found in 7 out of the 23 who had karyotyping performed. Altogether, 28 cases were diagnosed by four chamber view only and 50 cases by combining other views, giving the sensitivity, specificity, false negative rate and false positive rate of 69% (50/73), 99.98% (4808/4809), 0.48% (23/4831) and 2% ( 1/51 ) ,respectively. Conclusion The "Guidelines for performing fetal cardiac scan" is practical and easy to abide by. The optimal time for fetal cardiac examination is at 18～27 weeks of gestation. Four-chamber view together with the outflow tracts and three-vessel views examination can detect 69% of CHD in utero.

Objectives To assess the performance of first trimester ultrasound screening for fetal structural and chromosomal anomalies based on a detailed anomaly and nuchal translucency (NT) scan at 11-13+6 weeks' gestation.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital.Fetuses with a crown-rump length (CRL) between 45 mm and 84 mm scanned during December 2015 to March 2016 were enrolled in this study.After a detailed first-trimester anomaly scan followed the protocol of systematic standardized scan plans,fetuses with congenital abnormalities were screened out.Second trimester ultrasound screening and postnatal examination were performed for further examination of fetal anomalies.Cytogenetic analysis was performed on the fetuses with informed consent.Results (1) A total of 1 154 fetuses were enrolled in this study and among them,36 (3.1％) cases of fetal abnormalities were diagnosed through prenatal examination (35 cases) and postnatal examination (one case).(2) Twenty-one (58.3％) out of the 36 cases with structural and chromosomal anomalies were screened out by using the first-trimester scan,including eight cases of congenital cardiac defect (two cases of atrioventricular septal defect,one case of tricuspid atresia,one case of tetralogy of tetralogy,one case of right ventricle aneurysms and one cases of hypoplastic left heart syndrome combined with cystic hygroma with one case combined with polydactyly),four cases of central nervous system anomaly (three cases of exencephaly and one case of anencephaly combined with double outlet right ventricle),two cases of cleft palate/lip with one case combined with double outlet right ventricle,two cases of exomphalos,one case of amniotic band syndrome,one case of spinal bifida combined with megacystis,one case of umbilical cyst,one case of polydactyly and one case of cystic hygroma.One case of twin pregnancy chose selective fetocide to the fetus with exencephaly and 16 cases terminated pregnancy.The other four cases were confirmed by second trimester ultrasound screening and postnatal examination.Fourteen (38.9％,14/36) new cases of structural and chromosomal anomalies were detected by the second-trimester scan,six of which terminated the pregnancies and the rest were confirmed at term.One (2.8％,1/36) case of polydactyly was detected postnatally.(3) Chromosomal microarray analysis was performed on 28 cases,seven of which were identified as having chromosomal abnormalities including five cases detected in the first trimester and two cases detected in the second trimester.(4) Out of the 20 fetuses with abnormal NT in early trimester,which accounted for 1.7％ of all enrolled fetuses,nine were indentified with major structural or chromosomal abnormalies,a quarter of all abnormal fetus.Conclusions Detailed anomaly scan and NT scan in the first-trimester can increase the detection rate of fetal structural and chromosomal anomalies as compared with the traditional NT scan and provide earlier detection of severe fetal abnormalities as compared with second trimester anomaly scan.