Bone Demineralization, Pathologic ; prevention & control ; Dental Caries ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Education, Dental ; Gingivitis ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Preventive Dentistry ; education

A simple,reliable RPHPLC method on ODS column with UV detector for deter-mination of the anticoagulant rodenticide coumatetralyl in animal tissue was developed.1,1′-Bi-(2-Naphthol)was used as an internal standard to check the process ofexperiments.The mean recoveries from the spiked rabbit liver were around 90% atthe levels of 0.4-16mg/kg.The coeffecint of variation of 5 determination was 3.2%.The results showed that this method has a satisfactory reproducibility.The methodis practical for examining poisons in poisoning cases.

Nine Rabbits were orally administrated with a single dose of 25mg/kg,100mg/kgcoumatetralyl to establish poisoning model.Poisoning sympton and pathological changes were observed.Coumatetralyl content in main internal organsand muscle was determined by RPHPLC method.The results were discussed.

Humans ; Occupational Health ; Protective Devices ; utilization ; Welding

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) on cardiac developmental differentiation in human embryonic stem cells.

METHODSIn this study, based on the human embryonic stem cells in vitro cardiac differentiation assay, we investigated the potential effect of TCE exposure on the cardiac toxicity in embryo development. Human embryonic stem cells were treated with TCE at different concentrations of 100 ppb, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm and dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) treated as control. The MTT assay was performed to examine the cytoplasmic toxicity of TCE exposure. The beating percentages were recorded and the expression of cardiac specific gene was evaluated by PCR or flow cytometry. Also, real time PCR was performed to verify the micro array analysis on the expression level changes of genes which were involved in the Ca2+ signal pathways.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, there was no significant difference in cell viability when cells were treated with TCE at the concentrations of 100 ppb, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm. However, TCE could inhibit the expression of cTnT protein in a concentration-dependant manner. And the most interestingly, TCE significantly inhibited the cardiac differentiation characterized by the decrease beating percentages. Genes involved in Ca2+ signaling pathway were severely disrupted by TCE.

CONCLUSIONTCE inhibited the cardiac specific differentiation of human embryonic stem cell and at the meanwhile the genes responsible for Ca2+ signaling pathway were severely disrupted, which could contribute the severe effects of TCE cardiotoxicity.

Calcium Signaling ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Heart ; embryology ; Humans ; Trichloroethylene ; toxicity

Cultured human testicular tissues were grouped as follows:control group,group tracted with single dosc of human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG), group treated with double doses of hCG given at three-day-interval and group treated with multiple doses of hCG. The dose of hCG was 20kIU/L,and it was added into the medium and incubated for 24 hours. Testosterone was measured by RIA. The result indicated that all three hCG-treated groups had a testosterone secretion peak at 48-72 hours after the first dose of hCG. After the second hCG treatment given in three days interval the testosterone increased again. but its maximal rise reduced. Multiple doses of hCG given successively inhibited the response of Leydig cells to hCG stimulation.

The forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factor family plays an important role in cell functions, including metabo-lism, apoptosis, cellular proliferation, stress reactions, DNA repair, and immune response. As a member of this family, forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) regulates its target genes by modulating histone modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation. FoxO3a expression is abnormally downregulated in urologic neoplasm. Protein modifications and FoxO3a activity are mainly con-trolled by PI3K/Akt signal pathway and other signaling pathways. FoxO3a is also involved in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of urologic neoplasm. This review focuses on the function of FoxO3a in urologic neoplasm and elucidates the regulatory mechanisms involved. This article will provide novel strategies to clinical diagnosis and drug therapy of urologic neoplasms.

Objective To investigate the effect of fusidic acid cream on inflammatory reaction caused by skin barrier damage.Methods Eight male SKH-1 hairless mice were included in this study.The back of each of these mice were equally divided into six regions measuring 1 cm × 2 cm in size,which were then assigned into six groups:blank control group remaining untreated,barrier-impaired group,barrier-impaired and fusidic acid-treated group,barrier-impaired and vehicle-treated group,barrier-unimpaired and fusidic acid-treated group,barrierunimpaired and vehicle-treated group.Stratum corneum was removed by adhesive tape stripping to establish an animal model of acute skin barrier damage in the corresponding skin regions of these mice,and fusidic acid cream or vehicle was topically applied to the corresponding regions once.Twelve hours later,skin surface swab samples were collected from the back of these mice followed by bacterial culture and colony counting.Mice were then sacrificed,and skin tissue specimens were resected from these mice,and subjected to real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR for the measurement of the mRNA expressions of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88),interleukin-1α (IL-1α),IL-6,epidermal antibacterial peptides S100a8 and S100a9.Statistical analysis was carried out by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and least significant difference (LSD) test.Results The mRNA expressions of MyD88,IL-1α,IL-6,S100a8 and S100a9 were all significantly higher in the barrier-impaired group than in the blank control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Specifically,the mRNA expression level of MyD88 in the barrier-impaired group was 8 times that in the blank control group (8.3 ± 3.0 vs.0.8 ± 0.4).Compared with the barrier-impaired group,the barrier-impaired and fusidic acid-treated group showed a significant decrease in the mRNA expressions of IL-1α (2.8 ± 0.3 vs.20.1 ± 10.0,F =47.11,P ＜ 0.01),IL-6 (1.6 ± 2.3 vs.9.4 ± 4.0,F =16.18,P＜ 0.01),S100a8 (1.5 ± 1.4 vs.5.0 ± 1.6,F=59.71,P＜ 0.05) and S100a9 (1.2 ± 0.7 vs.3.4 ± 1.6,F=21.94,P ＜ 0.05).Conlusions Fusidic acid cream could attenuate the inflammatory reaction caused by acute skin barrier damage,which might partly explain its action mechanism in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of butyl flufenamate (BT) on ultraviolet (UV)-induced acute skin phototoxic reaction,and to investigate its possible mechanisms.Methods Eight SKH-1 hairless mice were included in this study.The back of each SKH-1 hairless mouse was divided into six regions,which were then randomly classified into six groups:blank group receiving no treatment,UV group receiving UV radiation only,BT + UV group and vehicle + UV group topically treated with BT ointment and vehicle respectively followed by UV radiation,UV + BT group and UV + vehicle group topically treated with BT ointment and vehicle respectively after UV radiation.Skin samples were obtained from these mice at 24 hours after treatment.Subsequently,hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed,real-time PCR was carried out to detect mRNA expressions of caspase-3,p53,COX-2,PGER1,interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-6,and an immunofluorescence assay was conducted to observe the expression of caspase-3.Statistical analysis was carried out by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results Compared with the UV group,both BT + UV group and UV + BT group showed a decrease in the degree of skin edema and number of apoptotic cells at 24 hours after UV radiation.Real-time PCR showed that the mRNA expressions of caspase-3,p53,COX-2,PGER1,IL-l β and IL-6 were significantly higher in the UV group than in the blank group (all P ＜ 0.05),but significantly lower in the BT + UV group than in the UV group (all P ＜ 0.05),and only the expressions of caspase-3 and p53 mRNAs were significantly decreased in the UV + BT group compared with the UV group (both P ＜ 0.05).The immunofluorescence assay revealed that the expression of caspase-3 increased in the UV group compared with the blank group,but decreased in both BT + UV group and UV + BT group compared with the UV group.Conclusion BT could partially inhibit UV-induced acute skin phototoxicity in SKH-1 hairless mice.

Objective To explore the vitamin D nutritional status of urban residents in Jinan,in order to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases associated with vitamin D insufficiency.Methods 1478 cases aged 30-90 years,including 602 men (59.8± 13.0) years on average and 876 women (57.4±12.9) years on average were selected by a stratified random sampling from 3 community medical care institutions in Jinan.Subjects were divided into six groups according to the 10-year interval.Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Serum [25(OH) D] level ≥ 75 nmol/L was defined as vitamin D sufficient,(50.0 ～ 74.9) nmol/L as vitamin D critical value,25.0 ～ 49.9 nmol/L as vitamin D insufficiency,＜ 25 nmol/L as vitamin D deficiency.All data processing and statistical analysis were finished by SPSS 13.0.Results The average level of [25 (OH) D] was 58.60 nmol/L in males [95％ CI:56.7-60.5 nmol/L] and 54.17 nmol/L in females [95％ CI:52.8-55.8 nmol/L],which were less than 75 nmol/L.The average level of [[25(OH) D] was 49.1nmol/L in females aged 70-79 years (95％CI:45.7～52.5 nmol/L),41.7 nmol/L in females aged 80-90 years (95％CI:38.2 ～46.7 nmol/L),which were less than 50 nmol/L.The percentage of cases with vitamin D deficiency,insufficiency,critical value,and sufficiency was 5.6％,33.4％,36.5％,24.4％ in males,and 6.5％,42.9％,32.6％,18.1％ in female respectively.The incidence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was increased with ageing (male:x2 =33.68 P＜0.01,female:x2 =55.7,P＜0.001).The percentage of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was more in females than in males (60-69 years old:x2=9.387,P＜0.05,80-90 years old:x2=8.896,P＜0.05).The [25 (OH) D] level was lowest in winter (48.8 nmol/L,95％CI:46.8～50.9 nmol/L) and highest in autumn (60.2 nmol/L,95％ CI:58.0～62.3 nmol/L).The incidence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was highest in winter (x2 =18.364,P＜0.05).Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are widely prevalent in urban residents,which is more severe in the elderly and females.Serum [25(OH) D] level is related to season,and the vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are severe in winter.