Objective　To investigate the IL-6 signal transduction pathways and their regulation mechanism in a human myeloma cell line-U266. Methods　Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to detect the activation of the transcription factors (TFs)-STAT3 and NF-IL-6 by IL-6. Cells were treated with chemical agents or transfected with the expression plasmids for the two TFs or the anti-sense oligonucleotide for protein kinase involved in one IL-6 signal transduction pathway. The change of the activation state of another IL-6 signal transduction pathway was also exhibited by EMSA. Results　Two IL-6 signal transduction pathways (JAK/STAT and Ras/NF-IL-6) can be activated by IL-6 of different dose in U266 cells. When one of the two signal transduction pathways was up-regulated, the other one was down-regulated. Conclusion　There is an antagonistic effect between the activation of two IL-6 signal transduction pathways in U266 cells.

Objective: To investigate which step of IL-6 signal transduction pathways in myeloma cells can be taken as the acting target of the antagonists for IL-6. Methods: EMSA and immunoprecipitation were used to detect the activation of transcription factors(TFs)-STAT3, NF-IL-6 and protein kinase ERK in a myeloma cell line-Sko-007 by IL-6. then anti-sense expression plasmids and anti-sense ODN for these signal moleculars were constructed and designed,the effects of these anti-sense nucleic acids on IL-6 signal transduction in Sko-007 cells were analyzed by the same methods. Results: IL-6 signal transduction could be antagonized by these anti-sense nucleic acids at different extent.Conclusion: TFs or protein kinases in IL-6 signal trareduction pathways can be taken as the target for antagonists design.

Objective To compare and analysis two different surgical treatments for hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage.Methods 68 patients with hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage with no brain hernia received small window craniotomy microsurgery and aspiration. 24 patients received conservative treatment as the control group in the same time,who didn't accepted the surgery.Results Two groups of surgical treatments were better than the control group in aspect of effective rate,functional recover and mortality. And the rebleeding rate and complication incidence in acute-time had no difference.There were no difference in aspect of effective rate,average stay,functional recover and mortality between the two groups of surgical treatments. Conclusion Small window craniotomy microsurgery and aspiration had same effect on hypertensive basal ganglia hemorrhage. We can choice the method of operation according to the case.

Objective To investigate the effect of cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) on proliferation and cell cycle in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).Methods Cyr61 cDNA was cloned into pEGFP-N2,then HK-2 cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2-Cyr61 by Lipofectamine.The cell proliferation was measured by MTT.The expression level of Cyr61,p-FAK and cyclin dependent cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) protein were detected by Western blotting.The cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N,-Cyr61 could be transfected into HK-2 efficiently.After transfection,the proliferative activity was significantly increased,the proportion of HK-2 cells in G1 phase decreased and in S-phase increased significantly,the level of cell apoptosis decreased markedly (all P ＜ 0.01).The expressions of Cyr61,p-FAK and CDK2 in Cyr61-transfected group were all amplified significantly (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Cyr61 protein over-expressed in HK-2 cells can increase CDK2 expression throngh FAK pathway,resulting in the promotion of HK-2 cells entering into S phase,cell proliferation and the reduction of cell apoptosis.

Castleman Disease ; complications ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Paraneoplastic Syndromes ; complications ; Pemphigus ; complications

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) on oxidative stress in human kidney tubular epithelial cell line after anoxia.Methods Human kidney tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2 cells) were divided into 5 groups:control group,Cyr61 group,MAPK inhibitor group (Cyr61 +PD98059),p38 inhibitor group (Cyr61 +SB203580) and PI3K inhibitor group (Cyr61+Wortmannin).Each group was pretreated for 12 h and then injured by anoxia.The cell viability was determined by MTT assay and the apoptosis rate of HK-2 cells was determined by flow-cytometry.The cellular ROS level was measured by spectro-fluorometry.The cellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured by nephelometry test.The expression of Nrf2 in HK-2 cells was detected by Western blotting.Results Anoxia enhanced the expression of ROS and Nrf2,decreased the expression of SOD and CAT significantly,meanwhile decreased HK-2 viability and increased HK-2 apoptosis (all P ＜ 0.05).Cyr61 increased the expression of p-Akt,Nrf2,SOD and CAT in HK-2,and decreased the expression of ROS,at the same time increased HK-2 viability and decreased HK-2 apoptosis (all P ＜ 0.05).Wortmannin inhibited the expression of p-Akt,Nrf2,SOD and CAT,meanwhile decreased HK-2 viability and increased HK-2 apoptosis (P ＜ 0.05).PD98059 and SB203580 had no affect on HK-2 compared to Cyr61 group (P＞0.05).Conclusions Cyr61 promotes the expression of Nrf2 through PI3K pathway in HK-2,which enhances the expression of SOD and CAT,and decreases the expression of ROS.Cyr61 exhibits protective effects on HK-2 cells injured by oxidative stress after anoxia.

Objective To explore the effect of aspiration of hematoma on the serum neuron-specific enolase(NSE)concentration in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and its clinical meaning.Methods 45 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage with hematoma volumes of 30ml to 50ml were selected and divided into operative group(23 cases)and conservative group(22cases).The control group(18 cases)were healthy.Serum NSE was detected with ELISA method.Results ①The concentration of NSE in conservative group was obviously higher than that in control group within 21 days(P0.05).③The concentration of NSE in operative group was no significant difference than that in conservative group with in 7 days,but decreaced rapidly and was obviously lower than that in conservative group respectively in 14 days and 21 days(P

Objective To investigate the susceptibility of amphotericin B,itroconazol and voriconazole against filamentous fungi.Methods Etest was used to determine the MIC of amphotericin B, itroconazol and voriconazole against filamentous fungi including Aspergillus,Penicillium,Alternaria alternate,Mucor and Rhizopus species.Results The average MIC of voriconazol,amphotericin B and itroconazol against Aspergillus fumiagtus is O.29 ?g/ml,1.16 ?g/ml and 5.88 ?g/ml;the average MIC of amphotericin B and voriconazol to Aspergillus flavus is 6.39 ?g/ml and 0.22 ?g/ml;the average MIC of voriconazol,amphotericin B and itroconazol against Aspergillus niger is 0.69,2.31,and 19.75 ?g/ ml.Most of Penicillium are susceptable to amphotericin B,but 3 strains showed very high MIC to voriconazol and itroconazol.Both of the testing strains of Mucor and Rhizopus were resistant to all of the three antifungal agents.Conclusion Amphotericin B,itroconazol and voriconazole possessed different susceptibility on different types of filamentous fungi.It is important for clinical laboratories to identify the filamentous fungi to the level of genus and species to help physicians choose antifungal agents correctly.

Objective To explore the clinical usage of allograft vessels for portal venous reconstruction during radical resection for pancreatic cancer.Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 14 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular resection (PDVR) and reconstruction by allograft vascular form June 2009 to May 2013.Results Patient's mean age was (59.1 ±10.4) years old.The mean diameter of tumors was (3.9 ± 1.3) cm,mean lcngth of resected vessels was (4.4 ±0.5)cm,and the R0 resection rate was 71.4％.The implanted vessels in 4 cases were allograft portal veins,and in the other 10 cases were allograft iliac arteries.In morphological classification,9 cases used straight vessels and 5 cases used Y shaped vessels.The overall median survival time of the group was (14.0 ± 3.0) months.The 1,2 year' s survival rate was 52.0％ and 40.0％,respectively.Conclusions Allograft vessels for portal venous reconstruction during PDVR have biological and structural advantages.

Objective To investigate a reproducible model of severe crush injury (CI) in rats.Methods A total of 50 clean grade male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into 5 groups.Both hindlimbs of anesthetized rats were compressed by blocks weighing 3.5 kg,for 6 hours and followed by 3 hours of reperfusion on a specially notched device (group SP,n =10),ordinary compression (group NM,n =10) and simple control (group SHAM,n =10).Arterial tension,serum lactate,and potassium (K+),serum myoglobin (MB),aspartate transferase (AST) and alanine transferase (ALT),BUN and Cr were measured at 10 minutes after cannulaton,and 3 hours after release from compression.Muscles and kidneys were evaluated morphologically.Group D and E were treated in the same way and were observed for 72 h to get the survival rate of the NM group and the specially notched compression group.The SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis,repeated-measures ANOVA analysis for the differences between groups,Kaplan Meier-estimator for survival analysis.Results The Specially notched compression produced a greater increase in serum lactate (F =39.626,P ＜ 0.05),AST (F =24.965,P ＜ 0.05),ALT (F =19.096,P＜0.05),BUN (F=7.938,P＜0.05),CR (F=14.787,P＜0.05) and MB (F=16.840,P ＜0.05) by the end of experiment than NM group and simple control group.The direct cellular damage and ischemia-reperfusion injury were found under microscope.In crush injury caused by specially notched compression there was acute tubular necrosis found at 24 hours after injury.Mortality rate in the NM group was 20％,whereas mortality rate reached 90％ in rats with specially notched compression (P ＜0.05).Conclusions It successfully developed a severe crush injury model in experimental rats,suggesting it is worthwhile to popularization.