Objective To observe the effect of Tangluotong Decoction(Decoctions of removing obstruction of meridians for treating diabetes)based on the principle of reinforcing kidney,activating blood and removing obstruction of meridians on the early diabetic nephropathy(DN)patients.Methods Totally 68 DN patients were randomized into two groups.In addition to the routine treatment for diabetes,the treatment group(38 patients)was administered Tangluotong Decoction while the control group(30 patients)was giv- en Lossartan Potassium Tablets.The clinical symptoms and signs and lab indices before and after treatment were observed.Results The comprehensive total effective rate of the treatment group was 89.47% while that of control group was 60.00%,the difference was significant(P

Medicine, Chinese Traditional

BACKGROUND: Coffee is commonly consumed among young people in China. However, consumers are rarely aware of physicaly adverse effects as a result of excessive consumption of caffeine. DATA SOURCES: A literature search using multiple databases was performed for articles published with concentration on meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials. RESULTS: Excess coffee consumption is also a risk of primary cardiac arrest especially in young people. Treatment modalities include activated charcoals, beta-blockers, vasopressin and hemodialysis when necessary. CONCLUSION: Coffee consumers should be advised not to routinely take more than moderate coffee.

OBJECTIVE To observe the preventive effect on nosocomial infection by the herbal medicine Atractylodes chinensis disinfectant for air sterilization in cardiothoracic surgery.METHODS A.chinensis disinfectant and ultraviolet irradiation were used to disinfect the patients′ rooms of our cardiothoracic surgery department.The total number of germ and fungus in the indoor air before and after using the two methods were collected.The nosocomial infection rates of the same period were also studied.RESULTS A.chinensis disinfectant had strong effect on sterilization of indoor germs and fungi,and the sterilization rate was 92.7%.The comparison between A.chinensis disinfectant and ultraviolet irradiation showed significant difference in their disinfection effects,while no significant difference in their nosocomial infection rates.CONCLUSIONS The herbal medicine A.chinensis disinfectant can achieve good sterilization effect and prevent nosocomial infection.

Objective To evaluate the application of pooling HIV nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) among men who had sex with men (MSM) population, and to investigate suitable HIV screening strategy and the feasibility of calculation of HIV incidence using pooling NAAT among MSM population in China.Methods Four thousand eight hundred and fifty-six samples were collected from MSM population from April 2008 to September 2009 among with 4 156 were in Heilongjiang province and 700 were in Beijing in China. After standard testing with an HIV ELISA and WB confirmation testing, HIV antibody-negative samples were pooled and screened for HIV using NAAT.A three-stage pooling strategy was adopted.The HIV positive rate estimated by the four HIV screening strategies was calculated.In addition, 4 156 HIV positive specimens from Heilongjiang province were screened with the BED capture enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA).The HIV-1 incidences were estimated by BED-CEIA assay and pooling NAAT individually.ResultsOne hundred and forty-three of 4 856 subjects were HIV infected.130 were 3rd and 4th generation ELISA positive; 13 were antibody-negative but acutely HIV infected.According to the evaluation of four HIV screening strategies, routine HIV screening test together with pooling NAAT was more effective than other strategies for screening out window period generation ELISA+WB+pooling NAAT' were 2.68%(95% confidence interval CI=2.22%-3.14%), 2.82%(95%CI=2.35%-3.29%), 2.94%(95%CI=2.46%-3.42%) and 2.94%(95%CI=2.46%-3.42%), respectively.The differences were not significant (χ2=0.854 3, P=0.836 4).Of the 88 HIV positive samples from Heilongjiang province, 44 participants were tested as recent HIV infections by BED-CEIA assay. The estimated HIV-1 incidence was 2.36% (95%CI=1.63%-3.08%) and 2.92% (95%CI=1.01%-4.83%) based on BED-CEIA assay and pooling NAAT,respectively.Conclusions Pooling NAAT is a effective screening test in HIV negative population to detect window period infection among MSM population in China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; biosynthesis ; Brain Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Child ; Endoglin ; Female ; Glioma ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; biosynthesis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; biosynthesis ; Telomerase ; biosynthesis ; Young Adult

Purpose To characterize the middle cerebral artery atherosclerotic plaque and investigate its relationship with infarction patterns by using 3.0T high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI).Materials and Methods Forty-nine patients with intracranial atherosclerosis underwent HRMRI.The characteristics of the plaques of middle cerebral artery were investigated,including morphology,distribution and enhancement.Patients were categorized as two groups (strong/mild and none) according to the strength of plaque enhancement,then clinical data were compared between the two groups and the risk factors were investigated.Acute infarction was classified as three subtypes (single/multiple perforating artery occlusion/arterial embolism) basedon diffusion weighted imaging,and the plaque characteristics of each subtype were investigated.Results Sixty-five plaques were identified in middle cerebral artery of 49 patients,62 plaques (95.4％) were eccentric,31 plaques (50.0％) were located at the ventral wall.Patients with low levels of high-density lipoprotein were significantly more prevalent in strong enhancement group (56.7％ vs.26.3％,P＜0.05).The percentage of strong enhancement plaque in arterial embolism group (88.9％) was significantly higher than non-arterial embolism group (36.4％) (P＜0.05).Conclusion Middle cerebral artery plaque distribution is correlated with ischemic stroke,strong enhancement plaque is associated with its vulnerability.HRMRI can provide information to predict the ischemic event and infarction pattern.

The strains Dz01 and Ma4 were isolated from cadavers of Brontispa longissima(Gestro),and were confirmed to be pathogenicity to Brontispa longissima(Gestro).After microscopical observation of the morphological characters of mycelium,phialide and conidia from two isolates,they were found to be identical to Metarhizium anisopliae var anisopliae,so they were identificated as M.anisopliae var anisopliae.The Maximum Parsimony tree constructed based on the sequences of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions in ribosomal DNA from two isolates and 31 other isolates which represent different species or varity species of genus Metarhizium obtained from GenBank database showed that two isolates clustered together in the clade which was composed of the isolates classified as Metarhizium anisopliae var anisopliae.This provided the molecular data for the result of morphological identification of Dz01 and Ma4 isolates.

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between hands pollution and nosocomial infection,and to raise measures to keep hand hygiene.METHODS To evaluate the condition of hand pollution and hand washing,the relationship between hands pollution and nosocomial infection,and measures to improve hand hygiene.RESULTS Most nosocomial infections were transmitted by the hands pollution,bacteria of which were thought to be the main microbial population of nosocomial infection.Handwashing was considered to be the most important intervention to prevent nosocomial infections.However,the present studies indicated that there was not enough handwashing practice among the medical personnel,lacking the consciousness of the importance of hand cleaning,misunderstanding the standard hand cleaning steps,like the length of washing time and the choose of hand disinfectant,and inadequately providing the hospital condition for cleaning work,all these played an important role in declining the efficiency of hand disinfection in hospital.Medical workers could achieve their goal through the improving of the above aspects of work.CONCLUSIONS Hands pollution is closely related to nosocomial infection.Handwashing can reduce nosocomial infections.

Objective To study the value of magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging in assessing the atherosclerotic plaque burden of rabbit model.Methods We built up abdominal atherosclerotic animal model in 30 New Zealand rabbits by high lipid diet combined with abdominal artery denudation.The animals were divided into 3 groups randomly,which were the 1-week group,1-month group and 2-months group.The MRI and histology examination were carried out at relative time points.The correlations of area or thickness of vessel wall by MRI with histology examination were analyzed.Results Among the 30 rabbits,3 died due to anesthesia or surgery,one rabbit model failed because of the thin vessel,and another 3 died of diarrhea or inflammation during the high lipid diet feeding.Eventually,totally 23 rabbits fulfilled the examinations (7 in 1-week group,7 in 1-month group and 9 in 2-months group).The vessel wall area of histology examination grew larger along with the post-surgery duration,from 1.7663 mm2of 1-week group to 2.4371 mm2 of the 1-month group till 3.5978 mm2 of 2-months group,with statistic significant difference among 3 groups (F=5.052,P=0.017).There were strong correlations of area or thickness vessel wall resulted from MRI with histology examination(r=0.688,0.642;P=0.001,0.002).Conclusions High resolution MR vessel wall imaging technique may evaluate and follow up the plaque burden in the early stage of atherosclerosis.