AIM:To explore the possible alteration of refraction and estimate the potential impact of visual quality, investigate the impact of intraocular structure between the simple operation and the combination of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation, and observe the influence among various tamponade materials application.
METHODS: Ultrasound biomicroscopy ( UBM ) and intraocular len ( IOL ) Master were measured for simple vitrectomy patients ( the simple group, 37 eyes ) and vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery patients ( the combined group, 11 eyes ) . Several parameters were measured such as the anterior chamber depth ( ACD ) , angle opening distance ( AOD ) , trabecular iris angle (TIA), axial length (AL), et al . The simple group was further divided into three sub - groups by various tamponade materials in vitreous: silicone oil group, gas group and equilibrium liquid group. All patients were measured including ACD, AOD250, AOD500, TIA500, AL and corneal curvature (K1, K2) parameters preoperatively and 2wk postoperatively.
RESULTS: AOD250, AOD500, TIA500 and AL were decreased 0. 13±0. 21mm, 0. 16±0. 22mm, 8. 68o±9. 72o and 0. 18±0. 24mm ( all P<0. 05 ) respectively in the simple group postoperatively. ACD, AOD250, AOD500, TIA500 and AL in combined group increased 0. 95±0. 54mm, 0. 13±0. 12mm, 0. 22±0. 20mm, 11. 49o±11. 06o, and 0. 45±0.30mm ( all P < 0. 05 ) respectively after operation. Alteration of ACD, AOD250, AOD500, TIA500 and AL were different between simple group and combined group ( P<0. 05). Of data from various tamponade materials sub-groups, ACD, AOD250, AOD500 and TIA500 of the gas group reduced 0. 19±0. 17mm, 0. 14±0. 09mm, 0. 20±0. 12mm, and 12. 02o±6. 64o respectively after operation ( P<0. 05), the AOD250, AOD500, TIA500 and axial length of silicone oil group decreased 0. 19±0. 25mm, 0. 21±0. 26mm, 10. 44o±9. 67oand 0. 23±0. 19mm respectively after operation ( P < 0.05 ) , while equilibrium liquid group had no significant changed in all intraocular structure (P>0. 05). However, neither the corneal thickness nor curvature (K1, K2) were changed postoperatively (P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Alteration of anterior segment and axial length in combined group are different from that of the simple group, while the corneal thickness and corneal curvature ( K1, K2 ) are not obviously changed in all groups. Meanwhile, various tamponade materials can also cause different impact on intraocular structure and refraction. In brief, alterations of intraocular structure might cause discrepant refractive changes and potential influence of visual quality.

Objective To explore the prognostic determinants and clinical treatment strategy in 142 patients with severe trauma brain injury(STBI).Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical data of 142 patients with STBI in our department from April 2006 to April 2012.All the patients were divided into good prognosis group(Ⅲ~V grade)and poor prognosis group(I~Ⅱgrade)ac-cording to the GOS classification standard.Age,gender,GCS,encephalocele,morphotogy of the basal cisterns on CT scanning,asso-ciated inj ury,shock,hyoxemia,underlying disease and hyperglycemia were chosen as the observation index.Statistical analysis was performed with Pearson Chi-square Test.Results 52.11% of patients with good prognosis,47.89% of patients with poor progno-sis and 3 1 .6 9% of patients were dead.Age,GCS,encephalocele,morphotogy of the basal cisterns on CT scanning,associated inj ury, shock,underlying disease were the prognostic determinants of STBI(all results P<0.05).Conclusion Age,GCS,encephalocele, morphotogy of the basal cisterns on CT scanning,associated inj ury,shock,underlying disease can determine the prognosis of STBI. Multidisciplinary cooperation treatment depending on the patient′s conditions is the key of improving the outcomes of STBI.

Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound-diffuse optical tomography(US-DOT) in evaluation of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) in patients with breast cancer.Methods Fifty women with breast cancer confirmed by biopsy-pathology scheduled to undergo NCT were enrolled.US-DOT was performed and the total hemoglobin concentration(HbT) prior to and at the end of NCT.According to the response to treatment in solid tumors,patients were divided into complete response(CR) group,partial response (PR) group,stable disease (SD) group and progressive disease (PD) group.The analysis of variance compared the differences of HbT before and after NCT in each group; Pearson correlation analyzed the relationship between the relative HbT variation and the tumor size changes;Mixedeffects model analyzed the relationship between HbT and tumor size.Results After NCT,CR group had 8 cases,PR group 30 cases,SD group 12 cases and no PD cases.Before and after NCT,the mean relative variations of HbT before and after NCT were-0.525 ± 0.222,-0.328 ± 0.180 and-0.173 ± 0.167 in CR,PR and SD groups,respectively.The differences of HbT before and after NCT were statistically significant in each group (P ＜0.05).There was significant difference among tumor diameter and HbT in CR group and PR group (P ＜0.001);while in the SD group,there was no difference among tumor diameter and HbT (P ＞ 0.05).The change of HbT after NCT showed positive correlation with the change in tumor size (r =0.6).Mixed-effects model also showed that HbT change was associated with tumor size.Conclusions USDOT marker HbT is closely related to tumor size of breast cancer before and after NCT and may be applied to evaluate the response of breast cancer to NCT.

OBJECTIVEThe effect of sandblasting on the bond strength between 3mol% yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconium polycrystal (3Y-TZP) zirconia framework and veneering porcelain was evaluated.

METHODSA total of 21 specimens [(25 ± 1) mm x (3 ± 0.1) mmx (0.5 ± 0.05) mm] were prepared according to ISO 9693. The specimens were then randomly divided into 3 groups. Sandblasting was performed on 2 meshes of Al₂O₃ particles: group A with mesh 110 and group B with mesh 80. Group C, which was not sandblasted, was the control group. The surface roughness of the zirconia framework, as well as the bond strength between 3Y-TZP zirconia framework and veneering porcelain, was measured. The interface microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and elemental distribution was detected by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS).

RESULTSSurface roughness values were (1.272 ± 0.149) μm for group A, (0.622 ± 0.113) μm for group B, and (0.221 ± 0.065) μm for group C. Statistical significance were found among groups (P < 0.05). The bond strength values were (28.21 ± 1.52) MPa for group A, (27.71 ± 1.27) MPa for group B, and (24.87 ± 3.84) MPa for group C. Statistical significance was found between group A and group C (P < 0.05), whereas the other groups had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Interface adhesion failure was the primary performance. SEM images showed the close interface bonding, and EDS showed that the interface had no obvious element penetration.

CONCLUSIONAl₂O₃ sandblasting can slightly enhance the bond strength between zirconia framework and veneering porcelain.

Aluminum Oxide ; chemistry ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dental Veneers ; Materials Testing ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Shear Strength ; Surface Properties ; Yttrium ; chemistry ; Zirconium ; chemistry

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture therapy combined with medicine ion ducted by intermediate frequency electricity on vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis.Methods60 patients with vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis were divided into the acupuncture combined with medicine ion ducted by intermediate frequency electricity group (group A) and acupuncture group (group B) with 30 cases in each group. The group A was treated by acupuncture combined with medicine ion ducted by intermediate frequency electricity and the group B was treated by acupuncture only.ResultsThe cure rate and the efficiency rate were 70% and 93% in the group A, 33.3% and 90% in thegroup B respectively. The therapeutic effect of the group A was obviously superior to that of the group B ( P<0.05).ConclusionThe treatment of acupuncture combined with medicine ion ducted by intermediate frequency electricity shows an obvious effect on vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound(CE-TRUS) in the perineal prostate biopsy. Methods A total of 116 patients was undergone prostate biopsy through the perineum under the direction of tansrectal ultrasound. Prostate biopsy standard was based on 2007 CUA revised guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of urological diseases.Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to check the prostate and to learn the prostate focal lesion,size, number and echo color Doppler flow characteristics. Of the 116 cases, 43 patients was undergone contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound. Results The biopsy results confirmed the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 64 cases, Benign prostatic hyperplasia was 52 cases. Of 43 cases who undergone contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound, Prostate cancer and Benign prostatic hyperplasia were 25 and 18 cases, respectively. CE-TRUS group and TRUS group showed no statistical difference between two groups. Analyzed the cases with PSA≤30 ng/ml, CE-TRUS group had a higher positive rate of biopsy (P=0.046). Conclusion TRUS guided transperineal biopsy of prostate might be an method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer with a higher accuracy rate. CE-TRUS can improve the biopsy positive rate of prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between intrusion of nucleus gelatinosus into vertebral body and low back pain after thoracolumbar fractures.

METHODSOne hundred and two patients who were treated in Peking university third hospital from January 2005 to September 2007 were evaluated retrospectively and included into this study. They were followed up for an average of 18 months and complete data were kept. Fifty-four patients were treated operatively and forty-eight patients were treated conservatively. VAS questionnaire was applied to evaluate the low back pain. Spearman Correlation Coefficients module and Wilcoxon 2-Sample Test module of SAS software were used to analyze the relation between intrusion of nucleus gelatinosus, different treatments, kyphotic Cobb angles and VAS.

RESULTSThere were strong correlations between intrusion of nucleus gelatinosus and VAS in both operative group, P < 0.01 and non-operative group, P < 0.01; there were poor correlations between different treatments and VAS in both intrusion group, P > 0.05 and non-intrusion group, P > 0.05; and there were also poor correlations between Cobb angles and VAS, gamma = 0.2584, P > 0.05.

CONCLUSIONThere is correlation between the intrusion of nucleus gelatinosus into vertebral body and the low back pain after thoracolumbar fractures.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Back Pain ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; complications ; pathology ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Young Adult

The aim of this study is to evaluate anti-tumor activities and mechanism of a novel kinase inhibitor ZLJ213 which targeted Aurora A and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) in vitro and in vivo against human colon cancer. Results showed that ZLJ213 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of HCT1 16 and SW48 cell lines. In HCT116-derived xenograft, ZLJ213 dosed at 100 mg · kg(-1) inhibited tumor growth by 73.24%. The IC50 of ZLJ213 on the expression of p-Aurora A was 0.258 µmol · L(-1) analyzed by ELISA. Under the concentration of 0.08 µmol · L(-1), ZLJ213 could inhibit the activities of Aurora A, Histone H3 and VEGFR of HCT116 and SW48 cell lines. Simultaneously, ZLJ213 induced activation of Caspase 3 and PARP cleavage. Above data suggested that ZLJ213 had the ability to inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo in colon cancer, and down-regulate the expression of p-Aurora A and p-VEGFR. ZLJ213 might be a potential therapeutic agent against colon cancer.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Aurora Kinase A ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To explore the safety and effectiveness of diagnostic ultrasound associated with microbubbles to open the blood brain barrier(BBB).Methods Microbubbles were injected through caudal vein,the rat head was radiated by GE Vivid 7 diagnostic ultrasound immediately.The radiated depth was located in the basal ganglia assisted by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scanning.The degree of BBB opening was evaluated by enhanced MRI and Evans blue dyeing.The safety was inspected by observation of cell morphology under hematoxylin eosin(HE)staining.Results After the rat head radiated by diagnostic ultrasound with microbubbles,signal enhancement of the radiated area was observed on post contrast T1-weighted images.Red fluorescence of Evans blue was detected by fluorescence microscope in the same area.Normal cellular morphology and structural integrity were showed by HE staining.Conclusions The BBB of rat could be opened targetedly and noninvasively by diagnostic ultrasound associated with microbubbles.This may provide a new strategy for the drugs and stem cells treatment in the central nervous system diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of perioperative use of fish oil on post-operative fatigue(POF) of rat.MethodsAfter one week's preoperative behavior training,12 rats presented poor behavior were excluded from 60 healthy adult male SD rats as the normal controls of serum parameters.The remaining 48 rats were randomly divided into model group and fish oil treatment group by random number table.The fish oil treatment group received 10 days' (3 days before surgery and 7 days after surgery) intraperitoneal injection of fish oil [2 ml/( kg · d) ],and the model group with saline.On the 1st,3rd,5th,and 7th post-operative day,rats were assessed by Morris water-maze and tail suspension test.Serum levels of interleukin ( IL)-1β,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),superoxide dismutase (SOD),and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were measured.ResultsSerum parameters:on the 1st and 3rd post-operative day,the IL-6 level in the fish oil treatment group [ (66.22 ±8.80),(56.03 ± 1.19) pg/ml] was significantly lower than in model group [ (83.30 ± 10.69),(82.72 ± 24.27) pg/ml ] (P =0.034,P =0.038 ) ; on the 1 st,3rd,5th,and 7th post-operative day,the TNF-α level in the fish oil treatment group [ ( 104.36 ±5.02),(84.49 ±7.81 ),(64.47 ±2.89),(39.29 ±2.52)pg/ml ] was significantly lower than in model group [ ( 120.01 ± 14.99 ),( 119.68 ± 8.84),(75.29 ± 2.58 ),(41.96±1.65) pg/ml] (P=0.014,P=0.003,P=0.000,P=0.004); onthe1st,3rd,5th,and 7th postoperative day,the IL-1β level [(155.11 ±9.08),(79.39±5.86),(57.26±16.07),(35.42±1.53) pg/ml]was significantly lower than model group [ (204.87±30.61),(198.82±54.83),(152.12±29.06),(64.35 ± 2.70) pg/ml ] ( P =0.024,P =0.002,P =0.000,P =0.000) ; on the 5th postoperative day,SOD ( 1.08±0.08) μmol/L was significantly higher than model group (0.71±0.06) μmoL/L (P=0.000) ; on the 5th and 7th postoperative day,GSH-PX [ (31.21 ± 1.30), (30.78 ± 1.83) μmol/L] was significantly higher than model group [ (25.03 ±1.74),(27.57±3.57) μ mol/L](P=0.000,P=0.036).Behavior:in tail suspension test,on the 1st and 3rd postoperative day,value of struggle in fish oil treatment group [ (6620 ± 1390),(7011 ± 1472) mv · s] was significantly higher than in model group [ (4739 ± 1040),(4344 ± 1130) mv · s](P=0.048,P=0.043); cumulative fixed time [ (118.42±10.05), (101.02±8.68) s] and single rest time [ (55.39±7.70),(56.60±5.88) s] was lower thanin modelgroup [ (135.08+12.44),(131.02±9.24) s; (65.73±3.78),(64.93±3.25) s] (P=0.042,P=0.012,P=0.043,and P=0.042).In Morris water-maze,on the 3rd and 5th postoperative day,escape latent period of fish oil treatment group [ (48.263 ±1.815),(44.955±2.567) s] was lower than model group [ (51.543±1.990),(49.956±2.888) s] (P=0.035,P=0.035) ; on the 1st,3rd,5th,and 7th postoperative day,the cross platform number (1.04±0.25,1.95±0.49,2.42 ±0.41,3.21 ±0.53) was significantly higher than in model group (0.58 ±0.26,1.20±0.33,1.50±0.39,2.17±0.68) (P=0.002,P=0.003,P=0.018,P=0.035).ConclusionPerioperative use of fish oil can reduce postoperative inflammatory response,enhance antioxidant defense capability,and mitigate post-operative fatigue.