BACKGROUND:It can be confirmed by the clinical trial that chronic plantar fasciitis can be treated by extracorporeal shock wave.There are some different explains for the mechanism of action.OBJECTIVE:To introduce the mechanism of action and clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis.RETRIEVAL STRATEGY:A computer-based search was conducted in PUBMED,HighWire and Springer databases for articles published before August 2007 with the key words of "chronic plantar fasciitis,extracorporeal shock wave application" in English by the first and second authors.Inclusive criteria:articles were selected firstly based on the mechanism of action and clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave for chronic plantar fasciitis.Exclusive criteria:articles out-of-date and repeated were removed.LITERATURE EVALUATION:Sixty-five relevant articles were collected,and twenty-five met the inclusive criteria.Of them,4 articles were review,and others were about the mechanism of action and clinical application of extracorporeal shock wave for chronic plantar fasciitis.DATA SYNTHESIS:①Someone believed that high energy shock wave selectively damaged unmyelinated sensory nerve fibers.Low energy shock wave could inhibit the conduction of sensory nerve ending by releasing calcitonin-gene-related peptide and producing neurogenic inflammation.It also could play a long-term analgesic effect by making the changes in regional flow of the brain,regulating pain memory and reducing local stimulatory response.②There are many reports on short-term and long-term outcomes,different energy levels,local anesthetic drug,the depth of plantar fasciitis and therapeutic place.CONCLUSION:It is effective to treat chronic plantar fasciitis by extracorporeal shock wave.Different approaches can bring us different therapeutic outcomes.

Millimeter waves therapy (MWT) can improve blood perfusion, function of leukocyte, subside of inflammation, restrain bacterium growth, increase organization's function, encourage the endorphine released, inhibit tumor growth, which can be demonstrating the effects in different parts of the nociceptive system. MWT was reported to be effective on headache, arthritic, neuropathic, acute postoperative pain and cancer pain.

Objective The study aimed to evaluate the application effect of clinical pathways in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients by using the meta-analysis.Methods Published randomized controlled trials (RCT) about laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients were searched and screened in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),China Scientific Journal Database by VIP,Wanfang Database under present standards.The quality of the included studies was evaluated by certain standards.The Review Manager 5.2 software was used for analysis.Results Totally 29 studies including 5 570 cases were eligible to the criteria (2 753 in the experimental group and 2 853 in the control group) altogether.The meta-analysis showed that the hospitalization time and hospitalization costs in the clinical nursing pathway group were significantly less than those of the control group (SMD=-1.69 and-3.75),the satisfaction degree and the mastering of health knowledge in the clinical nursing pathway group were significantly higher than those of the control group (RR=1.16 and 1.26),the differece had statistical significance.Conclusions Application effect of clinical nursing pathways is superior to the traditional nursing method in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of midazolam on inflammatory response in patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury and its protective effect on the brain and mechanism.Methods A prospective study was conducted.One hundred and twenty patients with moderate and severe craniocerebral injury admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Jiangsu Subei Peoples' Hospital from April 2013 to July 2016 were enrolled,and they were divided into a conventional treatment group (58 cases) and a midazolam group (62 cases) according to the random number table method.Both groups were given conventional western medicine treatment,and in cases with surgical indications,operations were performed;in midazolam group,additionally intravenous injection of midazolam 2-3 mg was given firstly,and then continuous intravenous infusion of the drug 0.05-0.10 mg· kg-1· h-1 was applied by a pump,and in operative patients,the above management was given 3 hours after operation.The mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),Riker sedation agitation score (SAS) and electroencephalogram bispectral index (BIS) were measured before and after treatment for 24,48 and 72 hours,respectively.The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble nerve chemotactic protein (sFkn) in plasm and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at each time point;the incidence of epilepsy and 28-day mortality were recorded.Results Before and after treatment,the MAP and HR in the two groups of patients were stable,the difference being not statistically significant (both P ＞ 0.05).Compared with those before treatment,after treatment the SAS score and BIS in two groups of patients were gradually decreased,and at 72 hours reached the lowest levels (SAS score:conventional treatment group was 3.8 ± 1.0 vs.5.7 ± 2.0,midazolam group was 3.6 ± 0.9 vs.5.8 ± 1.7;BIS:conventional treatment group was 69± 12 vs.82± 12,midazolam group was 72± 15 vs.82± 12,all P ＜ 0.05),but there were no significant differences between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05),suggesting that the two groups had achieved the desired goal of sedation.ELISA results showed:compared with those before treatment,after treatment for 24 hours,the CSF IL-6,sFkn and plasm sFkn levels were temporarily increased in short term,and then showed a tendency of gradually decreasing,and the plasm IL-6 presented persistently descending in the conventional treatment group,while in the midazolam group,since 24 hours after treatment,each index showed a trend of decrease and continued to 72 hours.After treatment at each time point,the CSF and plasm levels of IL-6 and sFkn were significantly lower in midazolam group than those of the conventional treatment group,and reached to the minimal levels at 72 hours [CSF:IL-6 (ng/L) was 251.6 ± 145.7 vs.347.3 ± 146.4,sFkn (ng/L):289.7 ± 79.3 vs.423.6 ± 132.8;plasm:IL-6 (ng/L) was 54.4± 27.3 vs.85.6 ± 41.8,SFkn (ng/L):919.9±426.3 vs.1 199.4 ± 414.8,all P ＜ 0.05].The incidence of epilepsy in the midazolam group was obviously lower than that in the conventional treatment group [1.61％ (1/62) vs.10.34％ (6/58),P ＜ 0.05],but there was no significant difference between midazolam group and the conventional treatment group in the 28-day mortality [11.29％ (7/62) vs.10.34％ (6/58),P ＞ 0.05].Conclusion Midazolam can reduce the incidence of epilepsy in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury,and its brain protective effect may be related to the decrease of CSF and plasm IL-6 and sFkn levels.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare borneol-puerarin liposomes,and to investigate its brain-targeting. METHODS:Film dis-persion ultrasonic method was used to prepare borneol-puerarin liposomes. The morphology of liposomes was observed by TEM;the particle size and Zeta potential were measured by laser particle size analyzer;the entrapment efficiency were measured by sepha-dex gel filtration method. Compared with Puerarin injection,brain-targeting of borneol-puerarin liposomes and puerarin liposomes via intravenous injection of mice tail was studied with relative intake rate and peak concentration ratio. RESULTS:Borneol-puerarin liposomes were spherical or quasi-circular;its mean particle size,polydispersity index and Zeta potential were 226 nm,0.263 and-21.3 mV respectively. The entrapment efficiency were(65.32±2.13)%. Compared with Puerarin injection,relative intake rate of puerarin liposome and borneol-puerarin liposome were 1.68 and 2.58,and peak concentration ratio were 1.15 and 1.42. CONCLU-SIONS:Brain-targeted borneol-puerarin liposomes are prepared successfully.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the contents and importance of clinical pharmaceutical care.METHODS:Our experiences in carrying out clinical pharmaceutical care in our hospital were analyzed through exemplification.RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmaceutical care can help improve the medical quality and reduce medical risks.Pharmacist system should be established in hospital to support the work of clinical pharmacists.

Objective To construct a cDNA library of three-year old Polygonum multiflorum leaf tissues so as to further research the gene regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis of medicinal plants. Methods Total RNA from leaf tissues of P.multiflorum was extracted and mRNA was purified,which were synthesized to double strand cDNA through reverse transcription.After the cDNA termini was blunted,the 5' end of EcoR Ⅰ adapters phosphorylated was conjoined,and then digested by Xho Ⅰ,cDNA fragments were fractionated by Sepharose CL-2B spin column.The fragments longer than 400 bp were linked to Uni-ZAP XR vector.The primary cDNA library was established after the recombinants had been packaged.Uni-ZAP XR Vector might fleetly release pBluescript SK-phasmids at the presence of ExAssist helper phage of coinfection and inverted E.coli SOLR.Finally,PCR and double enzymes digestion were used to analyze the range of inserts,respectively. Results The titer of cDNA primary library was 1.07?106pfu/mL and the length of exogenous insert was at about 0.5-2.0 kb with 5.4?105 recombinants,the recombinants of amplified library were 4.25?1011 and the rate of recombination was 98.5%. Conclusion The results indicate that the cDNA library of P.multiflorum leaf tissues has enough volume for screening the desired genes and sets up a basis for studying on gene regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis of medicinal plants besides.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Meconium ; Peritonitis ; etiology

Objective: To establish a rapid, accurate, and practical HPLC method for simultaneous determination the content in Qiju Dihuang Oral Liquid (QDOL) of 5-HMF, morroniside, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, loganin, paeoniflorin, verbascoside, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, and paeonol. Methods: YMC ODS column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, column temperature was set at 35 ℃, gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution- acetonitrile was used as mobile phase, flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength was 254 and 325 nm. The injection volume was 10 μL. Results: The injection amount of 5-HMF, morroniside, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, loganin, paeoniflorin, verbascoside, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, paeonol injection quality at 0.08—1.60, 0.12—2.40, 0.09—1.80, 0.06—1.20, 0.10—2.00, 0.30—6.00, 0.01—0.20, 0.01—0.20, 0.01—0.20, 0.005—0.10, 0.005—0.10, and 0.01—0.20 μg showed a good linear relationship with peak area, with good precision, repeatability and stability. The recovery rates of the samples were between 96% and 103%, the RSD was 2.13%, 3.45%, 2.86%, 2.59%, 3.15%, 3.49%, 2.19%, 3.25%, 2.37%, 2.53%, 2.91%, and 3.35%, respectively. The content of each component of the five batches of samples was stable, and the mass concentrations range of the 12 components tested were 98.56—102.56, 204.28—212.10, 18.53—18.89, 1.95—2.05, 12.31—12.54, 87.01—87.12, 5.35—5.43, 16.08—16.15, 8.69—8.72, 8.89—8.95, 5.12—5.19, and 1.87—1.94 μg/mL. Conclusion: The method simltaneosly determines the content of 5-HMF, morroniside, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, loganin, paeoniflorin, verbascoside, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, and paeonol in QDOL, which is suitable for the quality control of QDOL.

Objective To investigate the onset of left ventricular remodeling (LVRM) after acute myocardium infarction (AMI) and its changes within 6 hours in dogs on echocardiography. Methods AMI was induced in 14 dogs by ligating the left anterior descending arteries. Eight myocardium infarcted models were successful and were sacrified for pathological study. The indices of LVRM: wall infarction thickness (WIT), the wall motion score index (WMSI), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were evaluated before and 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h and 6 h after operation. Results Compared with the pre-operation, WIT and LVEF were decreased (P<0.01), LVESV and WMSI were increased (P<0.01), and LVEDV was increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) at every time point after operation. WIT had no significant difference at 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5h and 6h after operation (P＞0.05). LVEDV, LVESV were higher (P<0.05) and LVEF was lower (P<0.05 or P<0.01) at 4 h, 5 h, and 6 h than at 1 h, and 2 h after operation. WMSI was higher at 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, and 6 h than at 1h (P<0.05). Conclusions In our experiment, LVRM occurred at 1 h after AMI in dogs. Thus echocardiography may evaluate early LVRM.