This paper presents the common psychological problems and the efficacy of psychological warfare in modern ages, suggesting that enough emphasis should be paid to the psychological injury caused by the war itself and by psychological warfare. The related researches in our country were also reviewed.

Objective To evaluate the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk of the patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) by CVD predictive models. Methods The CVD risk of MS patients (n=637) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)(n=259) were assessed by Framingham and ischemia CVD (ICVD) predictive models. The technique of myocardial nuclide development (MCND) was used on 121 MS patients to confirm the evaluation. Results The CVD risk of MS patients was significantly higher than that of T2DM. The proportion of CVD risk ≥ 5% in MS group was significantly higher than that in T2DM group. An elevated tendency of the proportion of CVD risk ≥ 10% appeared followed the age increasing in both MS and T2DM groups. The proportion of CVD risk ≥ 5% in male patients was higher than that in females assessed by Framingham predictive model, while an opposite result was given by ICVD predictive model. The MCND findings showed that, the more the increasing of CVD risk evaluated by Framingham predictive model,the severer the myocardial ischemia was. Conclusions The CVD risk of patients with MS is significantly higher than that of T2DM assessed by the both models. Framingham model is more susceptible to predicate CHD in MS patients than ICVD model.

Objective To enhance the knowledge of pulmonary aspergilloma on CT and chest radiography. Methods CT scans and chest radiographs of 10 cases with pulmonary aspergilloma were reviewed retrospectively. Of these 10 patients,9 were men,1 was woman, ranged in age from 25～55 years old(means 36.4 years old).Results Of 10 cases,8 cases manifested themselves as an oval or round masses .9 cases were located both upper lobes. Air crescent sign or air ring sign were shown in all 10 cases. The fungus ball could move with the change of patient’s body position in 3 cases.Conclusion A mobile intracavitary mass with air crescent sign or air ring sign is the imaging characteristic of pulmonary aspergilloma.

ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI/CLA-1) are the key proteins in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). The high expression of ABCA1 and SR-BI/CLA-1 can decrease the danger of atherosclerosis. The purpose of the study is to find ABCA1 and CLA-1up-regulators for treating atherosclerosis by using cell-based high throughput screening models. Among 20 000 compounds screened, E0869 [1-(3, 4-dimethylphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yll4-((methylsulfonyl)methyl)benzoate] was found as the positive hit. The up-regulated activities of E0869 in ABCAl1-LUC and bCA-l1-LUC HepG2 cell were 160% and 175%, respectively. The EC50 values of E0869 in ABCAl1-LUC and CLA-l1-LUC HepG2 cell were 3.79 and 1.42 pμol- x ,(-1) respectively. E0869 could upregulate the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1, SR-BI/CLA-1 and ABCGJ1genes in HepG2 and RAW264.7 cells by Real-Time Quantitative PCR and Western blotting analysis, but could not influence the expression of FAS, SREBP-l1 and CD36. Foam cell assay showed that E0869 could inhibit lipids accumulation in mouse peritoneal macrophages RAW264.7. Cholesterol efflux assay showed that E0869 could induce HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux in mouse peritoneal macrophages RAW264.7. In conclusion, E0869 could up-regulate ABCA1 and CLA-1 activity, and had good anti-atherosclerotic activity in vitro.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Biological Transport ; Cholesterol ; Hep G2 Cells ; High-Throughput Screening Assays ; Humans ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; drug effects ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger ; Scavenger Receptors, Class B ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

Objective:To establish the quality control methods for Xinmeng Anshen granule. Methods:TLC was used to identify Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma,Mori Fructus, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen( fried) ,Arachis Hypogaea L. and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus in the granules. HPLC was used to determine the content of protocatechuic aldehyde in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma and spinosin in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. Results:The TLC spots were clear and well-separated without any interference from the nega-tive sample. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 3.972-198.600 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9) for protocatechuic alde-hyde and 7. 070-226. 240 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for spinosin. The average recovery was 98. 46% (RSD=1. 18%, n=9) for proto-catechuic aldehyde and 98. 20% (RSD=0. 90%, n=9) for spinosin. Conclusion:The established quality control methods are accu-rate, simple, repeatable and specific. It can be well used for the quality control of Xinmeng Anshen granule.

AIM: To establish a determination for ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Suxing Capsules(Herba Ephedrae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Fructus Perillal, etc.). METHODS:HPLC with Agilent ZORBAX Extend C_(18) (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column was used. Acetonitrile-0.2% H_3PO_4(5∶95) was used as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min~(-1). The detection wawelength was at 210 nm. RESULTS:The methodological evaluation showed that this method had a good repeatability and reproducibility; The average recovery of ephedrine hydrochloride was 99.65% and RSD was 1.6%. The average recovery of (pseudoephedr)ine hydrochloride was 98.90% and RSD was 2.3%. CONCLUSION: This method is simple, quick, accurate and with good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of Suxing Capsules.

Objective To detect the osteopontin(OPN)expression in renal tissue of rats with fluorosis and low calcium diet,and study the role of OPN in renal injury of fluorosis.Methods Forty-eight aged 1 month Wistar rats,80-120 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups by 2×2 factorial design(the number of female and male in each group was equal):the control group,high-flluoride group,low-calcium group and low-calcium with high-fluoride group.All rats of the fluorosis groups were fed with feed containing corn exposed to coal-burning from endemic fluorosis areas with high fluoride(100 mg/kg,corn),the other two groups were fed with feed containing coru from nonendemic fluorosis areas(fluoride 5 mg/kg,corn).After 16 weeks,the rats were killed.The change of teeth was examined,and the incidence rate of dental fluorosis was calculated.The expressions of both protein and mRNA of OPN in rat renal tissue were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry after four-month experimentation.Results The growth of teeth was very well in the control group and the low-calcium group.The two high-fluoride groups showed evident dental fluorosis(100%).The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the OPN protein was localized in renal tubule cytoplasm.The OPN-positive cells from renal tissue were lightly and scatteredly stained in control and low-calcium groups.The OPN-positive cells had deeper color in high-fluoride group and low-calcium with high-fluoride group,widely distributed in the renal tubular epithelial cells.The protein expression of OPN in the two groups exposed to fluoride(168.64±13.21,169.26±8.92)was significantly higher than those of the corresponding control group(145.78±10.26,all P<0.01)and low-calcium group(149.60±16.84,all P<0.01).The mRNA expression of OPN in the two groups exposed to fluoride(1.89±0.37,1.94±0.22)was significantly higher than those of the corresponding control group(1.32±0.26,all P<0.05)and low-calcium group(1.30±0.186,P<0.05),respectively.High fluoride influenced the expression of protein and mRNA of OPN(F=13.821,4.24,all P<0.05).Low calcium did not affect the expression of protein and mRNA of OPN(F=2.164,0.58,all P>0.05).However,high fluoride and low calcium had a cross interaction on the expression of protein and mRNA of OPN(F=6.257,432,all P<0.05).Conclusions Over-dose fluoride enhances the expression of OPN.The higher expression observed in the cases exposed to high fluoride concentration is associated with serious renal injury.OPN may he a potential marker for renal injury in fluorosis.Moreover,over-dose fluoride and low calcium make the renal injury worse,indicating low calcium plays an important part in renal injury by fluoride.

The new ultrasound device, automated breast ultrasound (ABUS), has the advantages of repeatable reading of standardized whole breast images, and can separate ultrasound scanning and diagnosis. ABUS is more suitable for breast ultrasound training. This study compared the breast ultrasound imaging training model with ABUS diagnosis practice as the core and the traditional breast ultrasound imaging training model with handhold ultrasound operation and diagnosis as the core, and found that the new training model with ABUS diagnosis practice as the core had a short training period. The diagnostic level of doctors have improved rapidly, and the new training model could efficiently train more technically qualified ultrasound doctors for breast disease.

Objective: To compare supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction(SFE CO 2) with steam distillation(SD) in the chemical constituents and content of essential oil from Forsythia Suspensa. Method: GC MS combination was adopted. Results: Both the two methods shared the same main components as ? pinene, ? pinene and sabinene. Benzene methanol,4 [1 methylethyl] and Benzene methanol,2 [4 methylethyl] were extracted exclusively by SFE CO 2, Among two methods there is a good deal of similarity all the other components extracted. Furthermore, sabinene、transpinocarveol and shorten were the first obtained from the plant. Conclusion: The SFE CO 2 was superior to SD in raising yield and reducing extractive time. It is a good method in extracting the essential oils from Forsythia Suspensa.