ObjectiveTo explore the association of smoking to the Aspirin and Clopidogrel antiplatelet in patients with stable angina after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods241 smoking patients and 252 non-smoking patients underwent PCI for stable coronary artery disease, all patients had taken aspirin 100 mg/d for 7 d or more. The arachidonic acid (AA)- and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation were tested as they got in hospital. Then, they accepted Clopidogrel 300 mg as loading dose, continued with 75 mg/d for 3 d. The ADP-induced platelet aggregation were re-tested. ResultsThe incidence of aspirin resistance (AR) and aspirin semiresponder (ASR) was 19.1% in all the cases, and was 25.5% in smoking group, 14.3% in non-smoking group (P=0.027). Age (OR=3.79，95%CI: 1.77～8.12) and smoking (OR=1.98，95%CI: 1.18～4.43) were the independent risk factors of AR and ASR. The incidence of Clopidogrel resistance was 19.5% in all the cases, and was 13.2% in smoking group, 24.3% in non-smoking group (P=0.03). Smoking (OR=0.22，95%CI: 0.09～0.54) may reduce the risk of Clopidogrel resistance. ConclusionSmoking increased the risk of AR and ASR, but reduced the risk of Clopidogrel resistance.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the infection of Anisakis in marine fish sold in Fuxin, and conduct molecular identification and evolutionary tracing of third-stage larvae to determine Anisakis species. Methods　From 2018 to 2021, marine fish sold in the market were collected randomly, and the third stage larvae of Anisakis were detected in marine fish sold in the market by direct dissection, and the morphological characteristics were used to preliminarily identify species by microscopy; the total DNA was extracted, the internal transcribed spacer sequence of the ribosomal DNA of Anisakis was amplified, and the sequence alignment and evolution analysis were carried out. Results　A total of 289 market-sold sea fish samples of marine fish sold in the market were dissected and 84 samples of Anisakis were detected with a detection rate of 29.1%, of which the infection rates of hairtail and small yellow croaker were higher, at 41.4% and 41.2%, respectively. BLAST comparison of 28 sequences revealed eight species of anisakids, including Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis simplex, Anisakis typical, Raphidascaris trichiurid, Contracaecum muraenesoxi, Hysterothylcaium zhoushanensis, Hysterothylacium amoyense and Hysterothylcaium fabri,belonging to the genera Anisakis and Hysterothylacium. The phylogenetic tree constructed from 28 sequences generally formed two topological branches, with Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis simplex, and Anisakis typical forming three separate clusters as the topology branch of Anisakis genus. However, meanwhile, Hysterothylacium, Contracaecum, and Raphidascaris formed a separate topological branch. Conclusions　The marine fish sold in Fuxin City have severe anisakid infection, with a wide variety of anisakid species, the dominant species being Anisakis pegreffii.

The antibacterial peptide CM4 having potent antifungal activity on inhibitiong the cell wall regeneration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae protoplasts.When the peptide increased,the ratio of the regenerated colonies drop obviously.To study the antifungal mechanism of the antibacterial peptide,fluorescence\|labeled peptide mixted with the protoplast of yeast,then confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed.The results indicated that the peptides interactted with the protoplast membrane and damaged the structure of the membrane,then the permeation of protoplast changed.Finally the protoplasts with the peptide failed to regenerate the cell walls leading to killing the cell.

BACKGROUND:Pain is the extremely common disease in clinic. At present, acupuncture provides good therapeutic effect on it. But, there are many methods in acupuncture with various advantages individually.To understand the differences in therapeutic effects on pain with various needling techniques is significant in clinic. In 1999, the relevant observation was carried on in the demand of Ecuadorian Medical Pain Association.OBJECTIVE: To observe the differences in therapeutic effects on pain with various needling techniques.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation was designed.SETTING: Department of Pain, Hospital General de las FF. AA. Quito, Ecuador, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine and 1st Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Chengdu MilitaryArea Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 360 cases of lumber strain and hyperplastic spondylitis were selected in Department of Pain, Clinic of Ecuadorian 3rd Military General Hospital from May 1999 to November 2000, in which,179 cases were lumber strain and 181 cases were hyperplastic spondylitis.The groups were randomized in two kinds of diseases, named for lumber strain, dermal-needling group (88 cases) and body-acupuncture group (91cases); for hyperplastic spondylitis, dermal-needling group (92 cases) and body-acupuncture group (89 cases).METHODS: Dermal needling and body acupuncture were used to treat the diseases respectively and the symptom changes were observed before and after treatment simultaneously. The treatment was given once every two days. 5 treatments made one basic course for lumber strain and 7 treatments for hyperplastic spondylitis. The treating results were evaluated according to Budzynski grading criteria on pain. MEPS statistical software was used for statistical management of data.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain relieving before and after treatment with dermal needling and body acupuncture for lumber strain and hyperplastic spondylitis was evaluated. Correlative analysis on therapeutic effects and course of treatment for different diseases with same therapy and on same disease with different therapies were carried on.RFSULTS: Altogether 366 cases were observed and 6 of them were excluded. Totally, 360 cases finished the experiment. ① The severity was alleviated in pain grading after treatment with dermal needling and body acupuncture compared with that before the treatment (P ＜ 0.01). ② In treatment of lumber strain and hyperplastic spondylitis with dermal needling, the therapeutic effects on lumber strain were more remarkable (P ＜ 0.01). The therapeutic effects of dermal needling on lumber strain were superior to that of body acupuncture (P ＞ 0.05). ③ The therapeutic effects of body acupuncture group on pain of Ⅰ grade in hyperplastic spondylitis were remarkably better than that of dermal needling group,but the significant difference in the total therapeutic effects of two techniques did not present (P ＞ 0.05). ④ When pain grading was reduced by 1 level in two groups, the average times of treatment in dermal needling group were less than that in body-acupuncture group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Good therapeutic effects of dermal needling and body acupuncture are achieved for both hyperplastic spondylitis and lumber strain,in which, the therapeutic effects of dermal needling are remarkable on injury of soft tissue and achieved swiftly; body acupuncture improves pain in hyperplastic spondylitis more radically compared with dermal needling.

Objective Acute respiratory dysfunction (ARD) can occur after aortic surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulation arrest, but relatively little is known about acute respiratory dysfunction in the patients with type A aortic dissection. This study aims to analyze the independent risk factors of acute respiratory dysfunction after A type aortic dissection surgery and to assess possible prevention and treatment option in the future. Methods Clinical data of the 252 patients including 193 male patients and 59 female patients who underwent type A aortic dissection surgery from February 2009 to October 2010 were collected. The mean age was 47 years. Postoperative acute respiratory dysfunction was defined as oxygenation impairment (PaO2/FiO2 ＜ 150) that occurred within 72 h of surgery except pleural effusion, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism and haemato-/ pneumothorax. There were 187 acute A type aortic dissection patients and 65 chronic type A aortic dissection patients. Clinical characteristics including age, gender, weight, height, history of hypertension, history of smoking, preoperative complications such as preoperative shock and acute renal failure, pericardial effusion, previous cardiac surgery, time from event to surgery, malperfusion syndrome, cardiopulmonary time, cross-clamp time,deep hypothermia circulation arrest time, surgical procedure, duration of intensive care unit stay and postoperative complications including tracheotomy, dialysis dependent renal failure and hospital mortality were gathered. Arterial blood analysis, chest X ray, ventilator parameters, number of blood transfusion and flood balance were assayed after operation. All the factors were evaluated by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify relative risk factors of ARD. Results Acute respiratory dysfunction occurred in 32 (12.7% ) patients. The in-hospital mortality was significant difference between acute respiratory dysfunction group and non- acute respiratory dysfunction group (P ＜ 0.05). The value of BMI, incidence of acute aortic dissection, preoperative SBP level, cardio-pulmonary bypass time, aortic clamp time and total arch replacement in acute respiratory dysfunction group were significantly higher than the values in non- acute respiratory dysfunction group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed blood transfusion more than 10 units and cardio-pulmonary bypass time more than 160 minutes were independent risk factors of early stage acute respiratory dysfunction after type A aortic dissection surgery.Conclusion Acute respiratory dysfunction after type A aortic dissection was a severe early stage postoperative complication and was associated with in-hospital mortality. The patients in acute aortic dissection were prone to have acute respiratory dysfunction. The independent risk factors of acute respiratory dysfunction included blood transfusion more than 10 units and cardio-pulmonary bypass time more than 160 minutes.

To clarify the source of deviations of drug combination effects evaluated with different drug interaction mathematical models, the cytotoxicity of SAHA and arsenic trioxide and their combinations were observed in a series of human cancer cell lines and a normal cell line. The combined effects were evaluated with three drug interaction models: Loewe Additivity (LA), Bliss Independence (BI) and Chou's Median Effect Model. The evaluations with three different models were further compared with each other. We demonstrated that when dose-response curves were fitted with the same method, similar evaluated results for drug combinations would be derived with different models. The deviations of evaluated effects of drug combinations were attributed to different curve fitting methods used rather than the models themselves. The effects of drug combinations showed discrepancies on different cell lines, and at different combined drug concentrations on same cell line.

Objective:To establish a multidrug resistant human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line.Methods:Human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-2 was treated by 24-hour-exposure to high dose of Bleomycin(BLM)(20 ?g/ml).Drug sensitivity was evaluated by MTT assay.Cell counting was employed to make the growth curve and to calculate the cell doubling time.Flow cytometry(FCM) was used to study the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.The colony formation ability was also observed.Results:Multidrug resistant cell line of human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma was established and named ACC-2/BLM.After 10 times repeated exposure to BLM,the resistance index(RI) to BLM,5-Fluorouracil(5-FU),Cisplatin(CDDP),Cyclophosphamide(CTX),Vincristine(VCR) were 7.299,1.03,2.15,1.114 and 5.96 respectively.Compared with ACC-2,the proliferation potential of ACC-2/BLM cells was decreased.The ACC-2 apoptosis cells were much more than ACC-2/BLM cells after 9-day-treatment by BLM at 60 ?g/ml.Conclusion:ACC-2/BLM cell line has multidrug resistant characteristics.

Executive impairment is one of the common sequelae of stroke, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Repeti-tive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), as a new type of electrophysiological technique, has been used in the clinical treatment of Post-Stroke Executive Impairment (PSEI). This paper summarized the survey of PSEI, the basic principle and mechanism of rTMS, clinical application of rTMS for PSEI and its safety. Clinical studies showed that high frequency stimulation, low frequency stimulation, and combi-nation with other therapeutic methods were effective in PSEI. However, there was no unified theory about the mechanism and the best treat-ment plan of rTMS for PSEI.

Objective To study the possible role of bone morphogenetic protein 7(BMP 7) in the TGF ?1 induced tubular epithelial myofibroblast transdifferentiation (TEMT) of cultured renal tubular epithelial cells. Methods The normal rat kidney tubular epithelial cell line (HK 2) was cultured for three days on plastic plates in the presence or absence of recombinant TGF ?1 and BMP 7. The alterations in the phenotype were assessed by phase contrast microscopy. Transdifferentiation of tubular cells into myofibroblasts was assessed by immunofluorescence, with monoantibodies to alpha smooth muscle actin (? SMA), vimentin and cytokeratin respectively. The expression of ? SMA of HK 2 cells was measured by flowcytometry. The expression of ? SMA mRNA of HK 2 cells was assessed with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results Treatment of HK 2 cells with BMP 7(50 and 100 ng/ml) for 24～48 hours increased cellular proliferation. The culture of HK 2 cells in the presence of TGF ?1 induced a clear fibroblast like morphology, a loss of the epithelial marker cytokeratin and de novo expression of ? SMA and vimentin. Immunofluorescence staining showed the addition of various concentrations of BMP 7 to subconfluent cells for 24 and 48 hours, and the expression of ? SMA and vimentin was decreased. There was an increase in the percentage of cells expressing ? SMA with TGF ?1, which was completed inhibited by an addition of BMP 7(P

Objective To explore the related risk factors and control measures for senium patients with type 2 diabetes and to provide basis for making control and prevention measures.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted.548 cases of type 2 diabetes patients in our hospital were selected as case group and other 640 cases of normal people who accepted physical examination in our hospital were selected as control group.Results Exposure rates of smoking,drinking,obesity,hypertension,hypedipidemia and family history in case group were obviously higher than those of control group(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Smoking,drinking,obesity,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and family history were risk factors of type 2 diabetes.Comprehensive intervention measures related to the risk factors,such as maintaining a good way life,were importantto prevent and control type 2 diabetes.