Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common and serious microvascular complications of diabetes, and it is a very complex pathological process, displaying multi-factor, multi-stage characteristic in the outcome. Recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy is closely related to oxidative stress, and antioxidant therapy can effectively improve the condition. Heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)is a widely existing antioxidant defense enzyme, which can reduce the injury caused by oxidative stress and plays an important physiological role. Studies have indicated that in retina HO-1 can be highly induced by hyperglycemia. Moreover, the expression level of HO-1 by man-made changes can accelerate or postpone the diseases progression. That means HO-1 for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy has satisfactory applied foreground. In this article we would like to review the role of HO-1 in diabetic retinopathy.

Drug combination is extensive in the clinical real world,which is an important part and the inherent requirements of the post-marketing evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The key issues and technology include multi-domain and multi-disciplinary such as the rationality, efficacy and safety evaluation of combination drug starting from clinical real world, study on component in vivo and mechanism of combination drug, the risk/benefit assessment and cost-benefit evaluation of combination drug and so on. The topic has been studied as clinical demonstration on combination therapy of variety of diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, insomnia, depression, hepatitis, herpes zoster, psoriasis and ectopic pregnancy. Meanwhile, multi-disciplinary dynamic innovation alliance of clinical drug combination has been presented, which can promote the academic development and improving service ability and level of TCM.
Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Research on post-marketing Chinese medicine should be the systematic study from application to mechanism. Clinical evaluation is the basis of mechanism study, we can find the clue from clinical evaluation, then make a mechanism study to find the reason, then apply the results to clinic. So it is a virtuous circle. In order to achieve it, we cannot be limited to traditional Chinese medicine, we should form multi-disciplinary team under the direction of grand science thinking, try hard to put industry-university-research institute collaboration association to use, and if necessary, explore the new model of the whole nation system. An appropriate operation mechanism is very important.
Biomedical Research ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) on older stroke patients in ability of activities of daily living (ADL).Methods50 older stroke patients were randomly divided into the rehabilitation group and control group. The rehabilitation group was treated with motor function exercise and ADL training, while the control group only took medicine. Two groups were evaluated with Barthel index before and after treatment. ResultsScores of Barthel index on the rehabilitation group were higher than that on the control group after treatment, and there was a significantly difference between two groups (P<0.01). Conclusions CBR has the significant effect on improving ADL in older stroke patients.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Oxymatrine on left cardiac function and ventricular remodeling in rabbits after acute myocardial infarction.

METHODSLigation of the left anterior descending artery was adopted to establish acute myocardial infarction model, forty eight rabbits were randomized into the sham operation group, model group and Oxymatrine group. Eight models were successfully established in each group. the sham operation group and model group were given conventional feed. Oxymatrine were gavage administration 0.5 ml/100 g, once a day, lasted for 4 weeks. Respectively in postoperative week, and three weeks, to observe the Oxymatrine on cardiac output (CO), left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVESP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left indoor pressure change rate peak (dp/dtmax)), and left ventricular cavity internal diameter (D), ventricular weight index (VWI), ventricular weight (VW).

RESULTSLeft ventricular anterior wall was from red to deep purple, electrocardiogram showed II guide ST-segment camber up ≥ 0.25 mv. Postoperative week in Oxymatrine group compared with model group, LVESP increased significantly (P < 0.01), LVEDP decreased obviously (P < 0.01); After three weeks in Oxymatrine group compared with model group, VW, VWI decreased (P < 0.05), D significantly reduced (P < 0.01); LVESP increased significantly (P < 0.01), LVEDP decreased obviously (P <0.01); dp/dt(max), CO increased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAfter acute myocardial infarction in rabbit Oxymatrine can improve the left ventricular reconstruction parameters, increase cardiac output, and improve cardiac function.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cardiac Output ; Heart ; drug effects ; Myocardial Infarction ; pathology ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Ventricular Remodeling ; drug effects

With the development of aging population,the rational drug use in old people was paid more attention nowadays. So far, a number of studies in Europe, Asia and North America showed that lots of prescriptions with potential irrational drug use could be found out using STOPP & START criteria. In China, there is no systematic tool for guiding the rational drug use in old people yet, therefore, we can learn the content of STOPP&START criteria and use them for reference to promote the rational drug use in Chinese old people and lay the foundation for establishing rational drug use judgment criteria suitable for Chinese old people.

Objective To explore a novel operative management for irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation. Methods Fifty-four patients, which as 32 males and 22 females aged from 7 to 63 years old with a mean of 32 years, were diagnosed with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation, including 18 patients with os odontoideum, 22 occipitalization, 5 malunion of odontoid fracture and 9 relaxation of transverse ligament of atlas. Forty patients presented signs and symptoms of myelopathy or spinal cord injury. All of the patients underwent the operation of open reduction and release by transoral approach. The longus collies muscles, longus capitis muscles, anterior longitudinal ligament, atlantoaxial articular capsules, the apical odontoid ligament and alar odontoid ligaments may be included, were transected, followed by arthrodesis via posterior approach in one stage. Different methods of posterior arthrodesis were conducted as followed: C1,2 transarticular screw fixation in 5 cases, occipitocervical fixation using pedicle screws of axis and occipitocervical plate in 37 cases, and C1,2 joint fixation with plates and screws in the lateral masses of the atlas and axis in 12 cases. Results A complete reduction was achieved in 41 cases, and the other 13 patients obtained partial reduction. Forty-eight patients were followed up from 4 to 40 months, 15.7 months at the average. All of them achieved solid arthrodesis. According to Odom's scoring system, among the 38 patients with preoperative upper cervical myelopathy, 15 patients were assessed as excellent, 14 good, 8 fair and 1 poor. During the operation, cerebral spinal fluid leakage occurred in 1 case, and pedicle screwing failed in 1 case. After the operation, respiratory failure was found in 1 case, nasal sound in 3 cases, dysphagia in 1 case. One patient became quadriplegia due to myelitis caused by septicemia at two weeks after the operation. The internal fixation loosened in 1 case at 2 months postoperatively. Conclusion Transorally surgical release for reduction and posterior arthrodeses could achieve satisfactory outcomes in patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation.

Method: Two hundreds cases of chronic prostatitis were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, 100 cases in each group, to observe the therapeutic effects in the clinical symptoms before and after acupuncture treatments and compare the therapeutic effects of the acupoints between the two groups. Results: Clinical subjective symptoms and examination of prostatic fluid were obviously improved in the treatment group (Group Ⅰ) than in the control group (Group Ⅱ), and the effective rate was 100% in the treatment group and was 91% in the control group, in a significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion: There is a remarkable therapeutic effect in the treatment of chronic prostatitis by puncturing four acupoints at the root of penis in combination with related acupoints.

Objective To survey the value of quantitative detection of urinary endotoxin for the diagnosis of gram-negative bacteria infection in urinary system,in order to provide evidences for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods The levels of urinary endotoxin were detected by kinetic turbidimetric technique,at the same time urine was cultured and WBC,CRP were detected.Results In 379 patients with gram-negative bacteria infection in urinary system,132 patients were upper urinary tract infection and 247 were lower urinary tract infection.The level of WBC,CRP and endotoxin were 11.25(7.98,13.99)× 109/L,81.36(76.64,83.50)mg/L and 49.57(17.28,78.37)pg/ml in upper urinary tract infection patients and in lower uri-nary tract infection patients were 10.24(7.94,12.24)×109/L,70.46(70.46,77.32)mg/L and 21.18(21.18,37.31)pg/ml. The group of upper urinary tract infection was higher than lower urinary tract infection on CRP and endotoxin,and have sig-nificant difference between the two groups of patients (P<0.05).Analysis of ROC,the diagnostic Cut-off value of 39.7pg/ml,the sensibility and specificity of endotoxin for the diagnosis of gram-negative bacteria infection on upper or lower urinary system were 84.1% and 90.3%.Conclusion The levels of urinary endotoxin detected by kinetic turbidimetric technique is simple and efficient,and have significant diagnosis value of gram-negative bacteria infection on upper or lower urinary sys-tem.