AIM: To observe the differences in central cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth, corneal anterior curvature and corneal posterior curvature between the Uygur and the Han nationality college emmetropia students, and analyze the relationship of corneal thickness and corneal curvature.
METHODS: More than 500 students in grade one in Xinjiang Medical University were underwent screening, 56 emmetropia eyes in Han nationality students and 51 in Uygur students were selected. Sirius corneal topography was applied to the measurement.
RESULTS: Uygur and the Han nationality college emmetropia students central cornea thickness ( Uygur:0.53±0. 03mm, Han: 0. 54±0. 03mm), anterior chamber depth ( Uygur: 2. 91±0. 26mm, Han: 3. 14±0. 25mm), corneal posterior curvature K2 ( Uygur: -6. 30±0. 23D, Han: -6. 38±0. 28D) had significant difference (P<0. 05). Corneal anterior curvature ( K1, K2 ) before and corneal posterior curvature K1 there was no significant difference (P>0. 05). Han had no significant relationship in corneal thickness and corneal anterior curvature ( r<0 ) , or in corneal posterior curvature ( r < 1 ) . Uygur has no significant relationship in corneal thickness and corneal anterior curvature (r<0), or in corneal posterior curvature (r<1).
CONCLUSION: There are significant differences between the Uygur and the Han nationality college emmetropia students in cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth and corneal posterior curvature K2. There is no significant relationship between corneal thickness and corneal curvature in Uygur and the Han nationality college students.

Objective To observe the effect of combined therapy of external point application and herbal concentrate-granules on patients with asthma (hot wheezing in TCM).Methods 60 patients suffering from onset period of bronchial asthma were randomized to a control group and a treatment group.The control group was given budesonide inhaler and theophylline sustained release tablets.The treatment group was given combined therapy of external point application and herbal concentrate-granules.The course of treatment was 10 days.To observe the value ofFEV1％,ACT scores and TCM syndrome scores etc.Results After treatment,the value of FEV 1％ [treatment group:(82.83 ± 11.35) ％,control group:(83.85 ± 16.72) ％] and ACT [treatment group:(19.86±2.32),control group:(19.66±2.54)] in both groups were markedly increased with statistical significance (P＜0.01); and the difference between the two groups were also significant; TCM syndrome scoring [treatment group:(4.27±3.65),control group:(5.05±4.14)] was notably decreased in both groups compared with the values before the treatment with statistical significance (P＜0.01); but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion The combined therapy of external point application and herbal concentrate-granules can treat bronchial asthma in the acute clinical course and improve lung function.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that Wudi Dan can suppress local inflammatory response of the lesioned joints to protect the articular cartilage. OBJECTIVE:To verify the effect of Wudi Dan on chondrocyte viability and apoptosis as wel as the therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis. METHODS:Rat chondrocytes were cultured in serum medium containing Wudi Dan, and the effects of Wudi Dan on cel viability and apoptosis were observed by comparison with the control group. Rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis was constructed using modified Hulth method. Rabbit models were divided into two groups:Wudi Dan group treated with Wudi Dan and control group treated with normal saline, twice a day, consecutively for 4 weeks. Therapeutic effect of Wudi Dan on knee osteoarthritis was observed;cel viability and apoptosis were observed under microscope;the levels of interleukin-1 and matrix metal oproteinase-3 were determined using immunohistochemical method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was significantly lower in the Wudi Dan group than the control group. Pathological findings of the rabbit knee joints showed that the control group had more severe damage to the articular cartilage than the Wudi Dan group. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that in the Wudi Dan group, the cytoplasm and extracel ular matrix were colored light and there were a smal number of positive cel s as wel as low expression of interleukin-1 and matrix metal oproteinase-3. The results suggest that Wudi Dan can effectively protect against articular cartilage lesions, reduce inflammation, and have a good therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis. Its mechanism may be related to inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis, reduction of cytokine production and inhibition of protein expression of matrix metal oproteinase.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of conventional 2940 nm Er∶YAG laser and pixel laser combination therapy.Methods From Jan.2010 to Jun.2013,32 cases of different types of superficial scars had been treated with this combination therapy.All patients were treated with the low-power 2940 nm Er∶YAG laser,and then immediately with pixel laser at higher power.The morphological changes of the scar before and after treatment,and adverse reaction were recorded.The satisfaction of patients was collected.Results Based on imaging data,significant efficacy was achieved in 14 cases (43.8％),effective in 12 cases (37.5％),relatively effective in 5 cases (15.6％) and ineffective in 1 case (3.1 ％).The total efficacy rate of combined therapy reached 95.3 ％.Very satisfaction to the treatment was 13 cases (40.6％),satisfaction in 10 cases (31.2％),relative satisfaction in 7 cases (21.9％) and no satisfaction in 2 cases (6.3％).The total satisfactory rate reached 93.8％.The only observed side effect was the erythema reaction at irradiated area.Conclusions The combined therapy of conventional 2940 nm Er∶YAG laser and pixel laser is an uncomplicated and safe way to treat superficial scars with little reverse reaction.

Objective To investigate the manifestations of cardiac involvement in the patients with mucopolysacharidosis Ⅰ (MPS Ⅰ).Methods The clinical data of 10 MPS Ⅰ patients were collected.Electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (Echo) were performed in all patients and then analyzed.Results Among the ten patients,seven were men.The onset age of MPS was (0.5 ～ 8.0) years old and the age of diagnosis was (1.8 ～ 20.0) years old.Two patients had grade 2 precordial systolic murmur.ECG was abnormal in three patients with right ventricular hypertrophy in two and right axis deviation in another one.Echo showed valvular thickening and insufficiency in nine patients,enlarged left atrium and ventricle in one patient,hapulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in two patients and abnormal left ventricular configuration in five patients.Conclusions Cardiac involvement is common in MPS Ⅰ patients and may present as valvular thickening with regurgitation,abnormal left ventricular configuration and pulmonary hypertension.The cardiac involvement progresses with age.ECG and Echo should be done regularly during follow-up of MPS Ⅰ patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect differences between twirling-rotating reinforcing and reducing technique of acupuncture on cardiac damage in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR).

METHODSSixty male 11-week-old SHR were randomly divided into four groups: a model control group (group A), a twirling-rotating reinforcing technique group (group B), a twirling-rotating reducing technique group (group C) and a needle retaining group (group D), 15 rats in each one. In addition, twelve male 11-week-old Wistar rats were used as a blank control group (group E). Acupuncture was not used in group A and group E, only with grasp, capture and binding stimulation that was also adapted in the rest groups. Rats in the group B were treated with acupuncture at "Taichong" (LR 3) by twirling-rotating reinforcing technique for 1 min and then the needles were retained for 9 min; rats in the group C were treated with acupuncture at "Taichong" (LR 3) by twirling-rotating reducing technique for 1 min and then the needles were retained for 9 min; rats in the group D were treated with acupuncture at "Taichong" (LR 3) but without any technique and then needles were retained for 10 min. Before and after acupuncture, blood pressure monitor was used to measure the rats' systolic pressure and diastolic pressure every 6 days. Twenty-eight days after the treatment, HE and Masson staining were adopted to observe the status of left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. ELISA method was applied to test the content of endothelin-1 (ET-1). PCR semiquantitative method was used to analyze Type I and III collagen mRNA in the left ventricular.

RESULTS(1) Blood pressure: after the treatment, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were both increased in the group A and the group B (P < 0.05); while the two pressures were both lowered in the group C and the group D (P < 0.05), which was more obvious in the group C (P < 0.05). (2) According to HE and Masson staining, except for the group E, the myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis could be found in the rest groups, in which the group C was the modest, followed by the group D, while the group A and the group B were more severe. (3) Concentration of ET-1: there were differences of concentration of ET-1 among 5 groups (P < 0.05), and the concentration value from high to low was the group A, B, C, D and E. (4) Type I collagen mRNA: the difference of level of Type I collagen mRNA between group C and D was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); compared with the group A and B, the level was lower in the group C; the level was the lowest in the group E. Type III collagen mRNA: the difference between the group A and B was not statistically significant (P > 0.05); compared with the group A, B and D, the level was lower in the group C.

CONCLUSIONThe twirling-rotating reducing could reduce the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in SHR, effectively prohibit the production of ET-1 and expression of Type I and III collagen mRNA, and it has more obvious inhibiting effect on Type III collagen mRNA. There is biological effect difference between twirling-rotating reinforcing and reducing technique.

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Animals ; Collagen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Endothelin-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Heart Ventricles ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypertension ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar

Gindenosides are the active ingredients of Panax ginseng. 20 (S) -protopanaxadiolocotillol type epimers are the main metabolites of 20 (S) -protopanaxadiol. The previous studies showed that there are stereoselectivity difference in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics between 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer. The purpose of this study was to explore the excretion of the epimers in bile, feces and urine of rat. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method has been performed for determination of 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer in bile, feces and urine. 24R-epimer or 24S-epimer was intragastric administered to rats at a single dose of 10 mg x kg(-1). Results showed that after administration the recovery of 24R-epimer and 24S-epimer in feces was 17.69% and 17.09%, respectively, while both of the two epimers were hardly detected in urine. The 48 h cumulative biliary excretion rate of 24R-epimer was 8.01% after administration, while only 1.47% for 24S-epimer. It indicated that there are stereoselectivity in biliary excretion of the epimers with intragastric administration.
Animals ; Bile ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Feces ; chemistry ; Ginsenosides ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Panax ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stereoisomerism ; Urine ; chemistry

AIM:To investigate whether Chinese yellow wine has influences on homocysteine ( Hcy )-induced dysfunction in rat endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs).METHODS:Rat bone marrow was extracted to harvest mononucle-ar cells ( MNCs) by density gradient centrifugation .The MNCs were plated on fibronectin-coated culture dishes , and were induced into EPCs by EGM-2 complete medium supplemented with cell growth factor .The adherent cells were collected 7 d later for all studies .EPCs were characterized as adherent cells double positive for DiI-ac-LDL uptaking and lectin binding by direct fluorescent staining under a laser scanning confocal microscope .The viability, migration, apoptosis and in vitro vasculogenic activity of the EPCs were determined by MTT assay , Transwell chamber assay , apoptosis kit and in vitro vas-culogenesis kit, respectively.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the viability, migration and in vitro vasculogenic capacity of the EPCs in Hcy group were significantly decreased (P<0.01).Compared with Hcy group, yellow wine group and red wine group both significantly improved the viability , migration and in vitro vasculogenic capacity of Hcy-induced EPCs (P<0.01).Compared with control group, yellow wine group and red wine group both significantly improved the a-bove-mentioned functions of EPCs (P<0.05).However, no significant difference of apoptosis in all groups was observed . CONCLUSION:Hcy may result in dysfuction of EPCs .Treatment with yellow wine improves Hcy-induced EPC functions .

Objective To investigate the mitral annular three dimensional configuration changes after application of two dimensional mitral annuloplasty.Methods Includes criteria:serious mitral prolapse without other cardiac disorders,with age ranged from 18 to 60 years old.Three dimensional echocardiography was performed before the surgery in the operation room.The mitral annular three dimensional configuration,the mitral prolapse and regurgitation grades were examined.And same procedure was done after the mitral repair.All the measure results were expressed as x ± s and the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software.Results Totally 42 cases were enrolled,including 28 posterior prolapse and 14 anterior prolapse cases.All the mitral repair got satisfied none or mild regurgitation.The mitral annulus moved consistently as saddle shape during the whole cardiac cycle,the lowest annulus part was at the commissure and the highest part was at the anterior and posterior annulus centers.During the systolic phase the non-planer angel between anterior and posterior annuls was bigger than in diastolic phase.The annulus circumference,transverse,longitudinal diameters decreased compared with before the surgery.Preoperative mitral transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter values are almost the equal size,indicating the mitral annulus was in nearly round shape.However the longitudinal/transverse ratio reached 0.88 after surgery which implied the annulus configuration recovery after annuloplasty.After the mitral annuloplasty the annular height decreased from (8.4 ± 0.6) mm to (3.2 ±0.1) mm while the annular height/transverse diameter ratio decreased from 0.24 to 0.15,which may be affected by the application of the two dimensional rigid artificial annulus.Non-planar angle between the anterior and posterior mitral annuls increased from(136 ± 13)degrees to(145 ± 14) degrees after mitral repair.Conclusion The mitral annulus configuration may have planarization changes due 1o the apply of two dimentional artificial annulus.

Objective To investigate the clinical feature and antibiotic resistance profile of K.pneumoniae isolates from patients for better management of K.pneumoniae infections.Methods Nonduplicate K.pneumoniae strains were collected from January to December in 2015.K.pneumoniae strains were identified by VITEK 2-Compact 60 and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by KirbyBauer method.Results A total of 753 strains ofK.pneumoniae were included,most (40.9％,308/753) of which were isolated from sputum,followed by urine (18.2％,137/753).Most of the strains were from old patients at least 60 years of age (40.8％,307/753),and primarily from intensive care units (16.7％,126/753) and Department of Respiratory Medicine (13.7％,103/753).Respiratory tract infection was found in 144 patients,of which 71.5％ (103/144) were due to K.pneumoniae.More than half of the K.pneumoniae strains were resistant to piperacillin (66.3 ％),cefazolin (60.8 ％) and cefitroxime (59.4 ％).Only a few strain were resistant to imipenem (2.4 ％) and meropenem (2.0).ESBLs were produced in 410 (54.4 ％) of the 753 strains,and 29 (3.9 ％) strains were carbapenem-resistant,492 (65.3 ％) strains were resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents.Conclusions Clinical K.pneumoniae isolates are highly resistant to most of the antimicrobial agents tested.The strains were mostly isolated from sputum and urine,and positive for ESBLs.MDR K.pneumoniae sWains are emerging.K.pneumoniae isolates are still very susceptible to carbapenems in vitro.