ObjectiveTo study the relationship between the antitumor immunoreaction and the cell apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma.MethodsThe IL-1β converting enzyme, Fas and FasL protein were labeled by LSAB immunohistochemistric method in 46 cases of esophageal carcinoma, of which 13 cases were labeled by TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).ResultsThe positive rates of ICE, Fas and FasL proteins in the cancer nests were 78.26%, 60.87% and 47.83%. The expression of ICE protein was related to the histological grading of the cancer.Conclusions The expression of Fas, FasL protein may be related to the immunological escape of the cancer cell; the expression of ICE was related to the histological grading of the cancer.

Cold Temperature ; Dinoprost ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Dust ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; urine ; Thromboxane B2 ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Weather

Objective To develop a double antibody sandwich ELISA assay for quantitative determination of recombinant human interferon α1b.Methods Mouse monoclonal antibodies with different binding site on rIFN-α1b were screened to select optimized candidates as coating and HRP-labeled index antibodies respectively.And a double antibodies sandwich ELISA was assembled; the reliable lower detection limit,specificity,accuracy and reproducibility were evaluated and validated.Results The quantitative sandwich ELISA had a reliable lower detection limit of 10 ng/ml,with a liner detection range 10-100 ng/ml (R2 =0.992),variation coefficient inter-plates is less than 10％.Conclusion The developed sandwich ELISA was a sensitive and specific,accuracy and reproducibility method for quantitative determination of recombinant human interferon αt1b in final product.

The present study was to investigate the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. f. alba (SMA) pharmacological pretreatment on apoptosis of cultured hippocampal neurons from neonate rats under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Cultured hippocampal neurons were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): normal plasma group, low dose SMA plasma (2.5%) group, middle dose SMA plasma (5%) group, high dose SMA plasma (10%) group and control group. The hippocampal neurons were cultured and treated with plasma from adult Wistar rats intragastrically administered with saline or aqueous extract of SMA. The apoptosis of neurons was induced by glucose-free Earle's solution containing 1 mmol/L Na2S2O4 and labeled by MTT and Annexin V/PI double staining. Moreover, protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by immunofluorescence. The results showed that few apoptotic cells were observed in control group, whereas the number of apoptotic cells was greatly increased in normal plasma group and low dose SMA plasma group. Both middle and high dose SMA plasma could protect cultured hippocampal neurons from apoptosis induced by OGD (P < 0.05). The protective effect of high dose SMA plasma was stronger than that of middle one (P < 0.05). Compared to control, normal plasma and low dose SMA plasma groups, middle and high dose SMA plasma groups both showed significantly higher levels of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05 or 0.01), whereas expressions of Bax was opposite. There were no significant differences of Bcl-2 and Bax expressions between middle and high dose SMA plasma groups. Number of Bcl-2- and Bax-positive cells had similar tendency. Bcl-2/Bax (number of positive cells) ratio was higher in high dose SMA plasma group than those of all the other groups (P < 0.05 or 0.01). These results suggest that pharmacological pretreatment of blood plasma containing middle and high dose SMA could raise viability and inhibit apoptosis of OGD-injured hippocampal neurons by up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulating the expression of Bax.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Neurons ; cytology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

The present study was to investigate the effect of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the rats with hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) on apoptosis of cultured hippocampal neurons in neonate rats under oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). Adult Wistar rats were exposed to 3 h of hypoxia for HPC, and then their CSF was taken out. Cultured hippocampal neurons from the neonate rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6): normal control group, OGD group, normal CSF group and HPC CSF group. OGD group received 1.5 h of incubation in glucose-free Earle's solution containing 1 mmol/L Na2S2O4, and normal and HPC CSF groups were subjected to 1 d of corresponding CSF treatments followed by 1.5 h OGD. The apoptosis of neurons was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscope and flow cytometry using Annexin V/PI double staining. Moreover, protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by immunofluorescence. The results showed that few apoptotic cells were observed in normal control group, whereas the number of apoptotic cells was greatly increased in OGD group. Both normal and HPC CSF could decrease the apoptosis of cultured hippocampal neurons injured by OGD (P < 0.01). Notably, the protective effect of HPC CSF was stronger than that of normal one (P < 0.01). Compared to OGD group, normal and HPC CSF groups both showed significantly higher levels of Bcl-2 (P < 0.01), and Bcl-2 expression level in HPC CSF group was even higher than that in normal CSF group (P < 0.01). Whereas the expressions of Bax in normal and HPC CSF groups were significantly lower than that in OGD group (P < 0.01), and the Bax expression in HPC CSF group was even lower than that in normal CSF group (P < 0.01). These results suggest that CSF from hypoxic-preconditioned rats could degrade apoptotic rate of OGD-injured hippocampal neurons by up-regulating expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulating expression of Bax.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Cell Hypoxia ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; physiology ; Female ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; pathology ; Hypoxia ; cerebrospinal fluid ; physiopathology ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Male ; Neurons ; pathology ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo discuss effective operative method for posterior edge separation of lumbar vertebral body.

METHODSTwelve cases of posterior edge separation of lumbar vertebral body were categorized as lateral type and central type, and were operated upon with limited-incision using lamina retractor. All patients were male and with an average age of 30 years (range, 23 to 40 years). The average history of disease was 17.9 months. In lateral type cases, separation bone was in the posterolateral lower edge of L4 vertebral body in 1 case, in the posterolateral upper edge of L5 vertebral body in 3 cases and in the posterolateral upper border of S1 vertebral body in 6 cases, all with ipsilateral disc herniation. Lateral type cases were treated with unilateral fenestration and removal of disc nucleus and posterior bony edge. Separation bone was in the central upper edge of S1 vertebral body with central disc herniation in 2 central type cases. Two central type cases were treated with bilateral fenestration and removal of disc nucleus and posterior bony edge.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months, and the average follow-up was 22.5 months. According to Macnab postoperative evaluation criterion, the results were excellent in 10 cases, good in 2 cases.

CONCLUSIONLimited-incision for posterior edge separation of lumbar vertebral body has characteristic of less trauma and convenience. It is an effective method for removal posterior bony edge.

Adult ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEIn order to provide theoretic evidence of exercise preventing insulin resistance, we studied the effects of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise on expression of mammalian target of rapamycin/ribosomal protein kinase (mTOR/S6K1) in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant mice.

METHODS8-week old, C57BL/6 mice were divided into two groups: which are normal chow and high-fat diet groups, each group has 20 animals feeding by normal chow and high fat diet respectively. 8-weeks later, mice from high fat diet group were proved to have insulin resistance symptoms and after that time point the mice were regrouped. The normal chow group was randomly divided into normal chow diet control group (NC) and normal chow exercise group (NE), and the high fat diet group was randomly divided into high fat diet control group (HC) and high fat diet exercise group (HE). All exercise groups were required to running on treadmill for 6 weeks. Mice were acclimatized to the motorized treadmill by running 60 min per day at the intensity of 75% VO2max five days per week for 6 weeks. By the end of training, we observed the changes of glucose tolerance by oral glucose tolerance test and morphology of pancreatic islet under microscope. Insulin concentration was measured by ELISA. Northern blot and Western blot were performed to detect mTOR, S6K1 (and/or pS6K1-Thr389) mRNA and protein expression in skeletal muscle.

RESULTSBy comparing with NC group, the effect of high-fat diet increased the body weight, fasting serum insulin level and the area of pancreatic islet of the mice in HC group significantly. Furthermore, glucose tolerance was impaired. After 6-week aerobic exercise, above value of descriptive index were significantly decreased in skeletal muscle in HE group. In addition, OGTT was also improved. The expression of mTOR, S6K1 (and/or pS6K1-Thr389) mRNA and protein were significantly decreased.

CONCLUSIONmTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of diet induced insulin resistance. Aerobic exercise attenuates insulin resistance by increasing skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity evidenced by increased energy metabolism decreased activity of mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway.

Animals ; Body Weight ; Diet, High-Fat ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To study the effects of a new phosphodiesterase inhibitor MS23 on the myogenic responses of diabetic rat coronary artery (RCA) and the myocyte potassium currents via the voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv).Methods Rats were rendered diabetic with a peritoneal injection of streptozocin at 60 mg · kg-1.At the 4th week after treatment,the diabetic rats were randomly divided into model group,low-dose,and high-dose groups of MS23 (0.3 mg · kg-1 and 1.0 mg · kg-1 orally administrated once a day for 8 weeks),while the normal rats were set as the control group.Model group and control group were fed with 0.9％ NaCl of equal volume once a day from the fourth week to the twelfth week.A wire myograph was used to observe the myogenic effects of isolated RCA.The Kv currents of single rat coronary arterial smooth muscle cell (RCASMC) were studied with patch clamp.Results After administration,the maximum vasorelaxations of RCA to acetylcholine in control group,model group,low-dose,high-dose group were (74.45 ± 6.30) ％,(56.84 ± 5.51) ％,(77.52 ± 5.27) ％,(86.33 ± 8.88) ％,respectively.The maximum vasorelaxations to sodium nitroprusside in the four groups were (88.50 ± 5.81)％,(56.65 ±8.62)％,(80.50 ±7.85)％,(91.60 ±5.97)％,respectively.The maximum RCASMC Kv current density in the four groups were (53.69±4.02) pA · pF-1,(28.25±3.69) pA · pF-1,(38.78±4.55) pA · pF-1,(63.35 ± 4.57) pA · pF-1,respectively.There were significant differences between the model group and the blank group/low-dose group/high-dose group (P ＜ 0.05).The maximum vasorelaxations of diabetic RCA to MS23 (30 μmol · L-1) was (70.69 ± 12.72)％,and preincubation with Kv inhibitor 4-AP (3 mmol · L-1) reduced the MS23-induced maximum relaxation to (34.47 ± 10.08) ％,with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion MS23 relaxes diabetic rat coronary artery and enhances diabetic RCASMC Kv currents.

Objective To describe the prevalence and risk factors for suicide ideation among college students in Chongqing city. Methods Data on suicide ideation and related factors were collected from 9808 college students at 11 colleges randomly selected in Chongqing. A multiple logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for suicide ideation. Results 1279 (13.0%) of the 9808 students reported suicide ideation and the constituent ratio of boys and girls was 3:4 whileriskfactors for suicide ideation were ranked as follows: high frequency of feeling hopeless in prior year (OR=5.07,95%CI: 4.27-6.02); having psychological problems in recent 1 month that affecting daily lives and learning(2.07,1.79-2.38); relatives having suicide behavior (1.77,1.52-2.08); having had sexual experience (1.95,1.65-2.30); being female (1.66,1.45-1.90) and friends who had had suicide attempts(1.46,1.28-1.67);having diseases in the last 1 month that affecting daily lives and learning (1.29,1.08-1.52). Conclusion The prevalence of suicide ideation among these college students was high that calls the development,implementation and assessment of suicide prevention plans for college students that focusing on the risk factors identified for suicide ideation.

Objective To analyze researches and hot issuses on tigecy-cline against Acinetobacter baumannii around the world.Methods Liter-atures were searched in Pubmed , Embase , Web of Science , and CNKI from the beginning to March , 2014.Endnote7.0 was used to sort out and summarize.Results A total of 227 English articles and 34 Chinese arti-cles were collected and the majority was characterized asoriginal article.Those articles were focused on the basic research of tigecycline against Acinetobacter baumannii in vitro, animal experiments and case analysis.Resistance mechanism , drug susceptibility test in vitro, and drug combi-nation were frequently involved.Conclusion The study on tigecycline against Acinetobacter baumannii increasingly has attracted global concern , especially the study on resistance mechanisms to tigecycline has gone fur-ther.