Background Primary iris stromal cysts is a rare clinical disease.In recent years,the pathological findings of primary iris stromal cysts are different from previous literature reports.It is very important to understand the pathological characteristics of primary iris stromal cysts for illuminating its pathogenesis and accurate treatment.Objective This study was to analyze the pathological types and clinical manifestations of primary iris stromal cysts.Methods Histopathological sections of 14 patients with primary iris stromal cysts from January 1979 to December 2012 in Tianjin Eye Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The primary iris stromal cysts were typed based on the hematoxylin-eosin staining,periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and immunochemistry, and the clinical chacteristics upon different types were evaluated.Results In 14 specimens of primary iris stromal cysts,squamous epithelial type was found in 9 specimens,lens epithelial type in 3 specimens and ciliary body epithelial type in 2 specimens.The primary iris stromal cysts of squamous epithelial type were constituted of non-cuticular stratified squamous epithelium cells,and sporadic goblet cells were found in some specimens.The primary iris stromal cysts of lens epithelial type were consisted of lens epithelium cells and lens capsular analogic tissue and the cysts were tightly adherent to the lens.Crystalline lens dysplasia were seen in 2 specimens.The primary iris stromal cysts of ciliary body epithelial type showed single or stratified ciliary body like epithelium cells.Iris-ciliary dysplasia or anterior chamber angle abnormality was displayed in 1 specimen in this type of cysts.Under the slit lamp microscope,superior-temporal clear cysts were often seen in the primary iris stromal cysts of squamous epithelial type, and translucent cysts or diffuse swelling cysts were exhibited in the lens epithelial type and might be accompanied with lens dysplasia and cataract.Diffuse swelling was found in the cysts of ciliary body epithelial type which were often associated with chamber dysplasia and infantile glaucoma.Conclusions Primary iris stromal cysts are pathologically classified into squamous epithelial type, lens epithelial type and ciliary body epithelial type and present with different clinical appearances.

Background Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) is a congenital eye disease of children,because its clinical manifestations are nonspecific,it is easy to be misdiagnosed as congenital cataract and the prognosis is poor.There has been more researches on PHPV clinical characteristics than its histopathological feature and immunochemistry.Objective This study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of PHPV and the pathological characteristics of retrolental membranes secondary to PHPV.Methods The clinical data of 6 PHPV eyes from 6 patients during May 2005 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All the PHPV eyes received a combinating procedure of cataract extraction and anterior vitrectomy.The retrolental membranes were collected during surgery for the histopathological examination by hematoxylin & eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)staining.Immunochemistry was used to detect the expression of Vimentin,smooth muscle actin (SMA),S-100,glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),neuron specific enolase (NSE),epithelial membrane antigen (EMA),CD34 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the retrolental membranes.Results Monocular PHPV was found in 6 cases since born,with the main clinical manifestation of similar to congenital cataract.The ocular axial was shorter in 5 PHPV eyes than that of the contralateral eye by A-sonography,and 1 eye accompanied by eye nystagmus,strabismus and small cornea.The retrolental membranes were seen during the surgery in all cases,and the white band through the vitreous in 2 eyes.Pathological examination showed that the retrolental membrane was mainly composed of loose or myxoid connective tissue fibers,the capillaries and small veins.PAS positive tissue,residual transparent artery and differentiated adipocytes were exhibited in some specimens.Immunohistochemistry indicated that spindle-shape cells in the retrolental membranes presented the characteristics of mesenchymal cells,and some cells appeared the myofibroblast characteristics with the low proliferation activity.The development of the lens and the ciliary body was abnormal because of the stretching of retrolental membranes into the lens capsule in 1 PHPV eye.The follow-up was performed for 6-9 years in 4 eyes,with the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for 0.06,light perception,0.05 and 0.07 respectively.The intraocular pressure was normal in all the eyes.Conclusions PHPV is usually misdiagnosed as congenital cataract and shows a poor postoperative BCVA.PHPV occurs mainly due to an incomplete regression of the embryonic vitreous and hyaloid vasculature and eventual abnormality of lens.

AIM To study mechanism of endothelin (ET) on canine pulmonary veins. METHODS The isometric tension of pulmonary venous strips was recorded. RESULTS ET 3 and IRL1640 produced contraction in pulmonary venous strips. ET 3 induced contraction was markedly suppressed by BQ123 (P

Objective To investigate the impact factors for temperature of cornea(TOC) and analyse the relationship between TOC and evaporative dry eye. Methods Two hundred and fifty-seven patients(405 eyes) with normal lacrimal secretion received dry eye tests.Patients were divided into positive group and negative group according to the results,and were randomly subdivided into 4 groups with different environment temperature(T) and relative humidity(RH).For all eyes,TOC,body surface temperature(TBS) of forehead and center corneal thickness(CCT) were measured right after blinking.The impact factors for TOC and the differences in TOC between positive group and negative group were analysed.Results TOC was positively correlated with TBS(r=0.89),T(r=0.75) and RH(r=0.60)(P

OBJECTIVE To discuss cause and nursing of hospital infection in infectious disease ward.METHODS Hospital infection in infectious disease ward of a general hospital was analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS The hospital infection rate was 6.18%;the main site of infection was respiratory tract(48.84%);November is the highest month of infection rate.The infection rate was seen higher among liver disease patients.CONCLUSIONS The hard ware must be enhanced to reform and the sickroom arrangement be regularized.It is important for hospitals to strengthen infection control.The main treatment to control hospital infection is applying aseptic operation strictly.

Objective A HPLC method to determine the content of Baicalein in Tangtai capsule was established. Method The separation was performed by Zorbax C18 column with acetonitrile and 0.5% phosphorice acid. The elution program was 1~15 min, 15%～60% acetonitrile. The flow rate was 1 mL/min and column temperature was 25 ℃. Content was detected at a wavelength of 280 nm. Result The linear range was 0.936～18.72 ?g, regression:Y =4849.53X-0.9593 (r=0.9999). The average recovery rate was 98.29% and RSD was 0.97% (n =5). Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and reproductive, and can be used for determining Baicalein in Tangtai capsule.

Objective 　To evaluate the clinical measurement of cerebral perfusion by dynamic CT. Methods　 Thirteen normal adults were examined by dynamic CT for the measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Another dynamic CT scans with the measurement of CBF were performed separately to rule out cerebral ischemia in 5 cases and secondary Parkinson disease in 2. Results　 Normal cerebral cortical perfusion was measured at 59.3～96.8 ml*min-1*100g-1 with the　mean value 76.2 ml*min-1*100g-1. Normal white matter perfusion was measured at 27.1～43.1 ml*min-1*100g-1 with the mean value 33.9 ml*min-1*100g-1. In 5 cases of suspending cerebral ischemia, one showed increase of CBF and 4 presented decrease of CBF. In 2 cases of suspending secondary Parkinson disease, one appeared decrease of CBF and other one was normal. Conclusion　 Dynamic CT scan with the measurement of CBF can demonstrate the hemodynamic status of normal brain and pathological lesion. Combined with routine CT scan, measurement of cerebral perfusion by dynamic CT is an ideal method to show the morphological and functional changes of brain tissue simultaneously.

SUMMARY Diffusion spectrum imaging ( DSI) , a newly developed MRI technique, affords the capacity to map complex fiber architectures in tissues with sufficient angular resolution by imaging the spectra of tissue water diffusion. By contrast, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) , the currently widely used technique based on the 2nd order tensor model, obtains an approximation of the complex diffusion, and provides only one global maximal direction corresponding to the primary eigenvector for each voxel. As a generalized model-free diffusion imaging technique, firstly, DSI employs the probability density function to describe the diffusion process in each voxel; secondly, a sufficient dense signal sample derived from repeated applications of diffusion-weighed gradients ensures its capability to resolve the diffusion probability density function; thirdly, specific computer visualization techniques are used to extract the diffusion information and reconstruct the geometrical properties of tissue microstructure. The capacity to unravel complex tissue architecture, recent improvements in hardware and ongoing optimization of sequence design and algorithm enable a rapid growth of DSI for research use and future incorporation into clinical protocols. This paper introduces the basic principles of DSI and then compares the characteristics of DSI and DTI schemes. Finally, the typical applications of DSI to date are reviewed.

The growth-propagation and decolorization-degradation systems for the model dy e Biebrich Scarlet by Trametes hirsuta were established preliminar ily. It was showed that 30℃ and the static culture were better; the effects of compo nents in culture media on the efficiencies of decolorization and degradation wer e not significant; considering the convenience of observing the changes of dye c o lors and shortenig the culture period, the potato liquid medium had the advantag e of others as a preferable medium for reaction systems of Trametes hirsuta . The decolorization and degradation of all dyes Biebrich Scarlet and Direct Deep Blu e L-3RB, Reactive Blue X-BR, Basic Violet 5BN, and Methylene Blue by Tramete s hirsuta were better.

[Objective]To investigate the clinical value of different magnetic resonance(MR) pulse sequences in the diagnosis of bone contusion.[Method]Forty-five patients with bone contusion underwent magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).All cases underwent computed radiography(CR),digital radiography(DR)or computed tomography(CT)and no bone fracture were revealed.Complications included swelling、pain and limit activity.The sagittal,coronal and transversal scanning were performed by Siemens Novus1.5T magnetic resonance imaging.The body coil were used on spines and knee coil on knees.MR pulse sequences included spin echo T1WI,Turbo spin echo T2WI,fl-2d T2WI and fat suppressed sequence T2WI.[Result]In 45 cases with bone contusion,44 cases were revealed on spin echo T1WI(97.7%),37 cases on Turbo spin echo T2WI(82.2%),24 cases on fl-2d T2WI(75%),45 cases on fat suppressed sequence T2WI(100%).The fat suppressed sequence T2WI was superior to TSE T2WI(