Objective: To observe the effects of pentazocine on emergence agitation.Methods: Totally 60 patients with scheduled upper limb operation with general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups (n =30).Group Ⅰ was given pentazocine 0.25 mg·kg-1 (diluted to 10ml) and group Ⅱ was treated with 0.9% sodium chloride (10 ml) and both were with slow intravenous injection above 3 min before the surgical stitching.BP and HR were recorded and compared before the induction (T 0), before the extubation (T 1) ,at the extubation (T 2), and 5, 10 and in 15 minutes after the extubation (T 3 , T 4 and T 5).The time of recovery, time of extubation and agitation scores in 15 min after the extubation were recorded and compared, and nausea and vomiting were observed as well in both groups.Results: Compared with those in group Ⅰ, HR and BP in group Ⅱ were significantly higher (P＜0.05) at T 3 , T 4 and T 5.There were no significant differences in the breathing recovery time and awakening time between the groups (P＞0.05).The restlessness score in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in groupⅡ (P＜0.05).The incidence and degree of postoperative nausea and vomiting in groupⅠ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Pentazocine (0.25 mg·kg-1) given before stitching can maintain stable circulation, reduce emergence agitation and protect the safety of patients.

1:1,and fat emulsion's energy delivery exceeding 50% of total non -protein calories.CONCLUSION: It' s high time to set up a parenteral nutrition support team, enabling clinical pharmacists to assist physicians with the regulation of PN support in parenteral nutrition dispensing.

AIM:To improve accuracy of the diagnosis of primary conjunctival masses(PCM) through analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and pathogenic causes of 422 cases of PCM.METHODS:Clinical manifestations, histological characteristics and immunopheno types were reviewed.Relevant literatures were reviewed.RESULTS:Benign conjunctival masses were 403 cases (95.5%).Those included masses from squamous cell papilloma (71 cases, 17.6%), conjunctival cyst (68 cases, 16.9%), inflammatory masses (62 cases, 15.4%), pigmented nevus (60 cases, 14.9%), lipoma (58 cases, 14.4%).Malignant conjunctival neoplasms were 19 cases (4.5%).Those included tumors from B Cell Lymphoma (6 cases,31.6%), melanoma (6 cases,31.6%), and squamous cell carcinoma (5 cases, 26.3%).Different types of primary conjunctival masses were induced by the same cause.CONCLUSION:The pathological types of primary conjunctival masses are various and the majority of which is benign.For the diagnosis of primary conjunctival masses, morphological analysis, immunohistochemical examination shoud be combined to increase the diagnostic accuracy and decrease misdiagnosis rate.

Cells, Cultured ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; pathology ; radiation effects ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Radiation Injuries ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; radiation effects

Animals ; Arginine ; pharmacology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Hypertension ; etiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the necessity to test the hearing of patients whose initial symptom is tinnitus with pure tone audiometer. Methods To analyze the results of pure tone audiometer of 218 tinnitus patients.Results Among 218 cases of tinnitus patients,a total of 123 patients with abnormal hearing,among 95 cases of patients with normal hearing, except for 50 cases of tinnitus, no other cause of disease. Conclusion Among the normal hearing tinnitus patients, we should do further hearing test for them if they are not identified a clear cause of disease,such as auditory brainstem response,otoacoustic emission and other necessary checks to clear the reasons for tinnitus or the position of the unusual auditory system. It is important for early diagnosis and treatment of tinnitus. But the pure-tone audiometer should be a routine examination when tinnitus patients come for the first visit.

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) has become an effective method for treating various diseases, especially cancer, due to its clear target and good selectivity in clinical practice. However, the monoclonal antibodies in traditional ADC have poor tissue permeability, high modification costs, pose risks such as immunogenicity and immunotoxicity. The nanobody (Nb) which is extracted from the blood of camel animals, is the smallest antibody fragment known to have complete antigen binding ability. It has advantages such as strong tissue permeability, strong specificity, low immunogenicity, and high stability, and can replace traditional monoclonal antibodies to participate in the construction of nanobody-drug conjugate (NDC). This article reviews and discusses the advantages of Nb structure, the construction and application of NDC in the hope of providing ideas for the research and development of NDC.

Objective:This study analyzes the clinicopathological characteristics, pathological diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ovarian small cell carcinoma (SCCO). Methods:The medical records of SCCO patients in the Cancer Hospital of Peking Union Medical College between 2005 and 2012 were reviewed. Results:The mean age of patients was 43. 75 years old (ranging from 17 to 57), two cases were postmenopausal, and one case was less than 30 years old. Twenty-one patients had FIGO stageⅠ, whereas three cases had stageⅢto Ⅳ. Three cases were classified as pulmonary type. Forty-three patients received cytoreductive surgery, and one underwent fertili ty-conserving surgery. All patients were postoperatively treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, whereas three cases received Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin. No patient received adjuvant radiotherapy. One patient died nine months after the initial diagnosis, and one died 12 months after the initial diagnosis. The other two cases remain alive with no evidence of recurrence after follow up at 7 and 30 months after diagnosis. Conclusion:SCCO is a rare ovarian tumor with high malignancy potential and thus has poor prognosis. The clinical manifestations of SCCO resemble those of epithelial ovarian cancer. Immunohistochemistry can be used for differential diagnosis. The standard SCCO treatments are cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. The optimal chemotherapy regimen requires further research.

ABSTRACT:Objective To analyze the correlation between plasma nitric oxide (NO)level and atherosclerotic lesion in high cholesterol-fed (HCD ) rabbits.Methods Twenty male Japanese white rabbits were divided randomly into two groups,which were fed with normal diet (control group,n =10)or HCD (experimental group, n =10 )for 1 6 weeks.At the end of the experiment,plasma lipid and NO levels were measured.The gross atherosclerotic lesions in each group were detected by Sudan IV staining while intimal lesion area was measured by hematoxylin/eosin (HE)and elastica van gieson (EVG).Moreover,the macrophages (MΦ)and smooth muscle cells (SMC)were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The correlation analysis was made to reveal the relationship between atherosclerotic lesions and plasma NO level.Results Compared with those in control group, the total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and NO levels all increased significantly in experimental group.Atherosclerotic lesions appeared on the vascular wall in the latter group.The area of atherosclerotic lesions and MΦ in the plaque had a positive association with plasma NO level. Conclusion There is a relationship between plasma NO level and the size of HCD-induced atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits.Meanwhile,the MΦ positive area in the atherosclerotic plaque is also associated with plasma NO level in cholesterol-fed rabbits,suggesting that plasma NO level may be associated with the occurrence and progress of early atherosclerosis.

Objective To study the protective effect of GYY4137 on rat myocardial cells infected by Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3) and its signal transduction mechanism.Methods Cardiomyocytes were treated with different concentrations of GYY4137(10,50,100 μmol/L) for 24 hours before addition of 100 TCID50 CVB3 for 2 hours before serum-free conditions.After treatment,the cell viability was ascertained with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay.At the same time,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the supernatants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Western blot was used to study the expression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) protein and the inhibitory subunit of (IκBα) in myocardial cells.Results After exposure of cardiomyocytes to GYY4137 with different concentration (10,50,100 μmol/L)for 24 hours cell viability had no change.The NF-κB expression and the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 [(175.80 ± 5.05) ng/L,(25.80 ± 1.97) ng/L,(65.33 ± 3.51) ng/L] in the GYY4137-treated CVB3 infection group were significantly reduced when compared with untreated CVB3 infection group (P ＜ 0.01),respectively.Compared with the normal group,the GYY4137 concentration-dependently restrained the CVB3-mediated IκBα degradation(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions GYY4137 exerts anti-inflammatory effects in CVB3-infected cardiomyocytes.This anti-inflammatory mechanism may be associated with suppression of the activation of the NF-κB.