Agmatine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Analgesia ; methods ; Animals ; Injections, Spinal ; Male ; Morphine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord ; drug effects

Objective To study the effect of injured podocytes on glomerular maturation and its underlying mechanism in neonatal mice.Methods Single i.p.injection with puromycin aminonucleoside (PA,0.1 mg/g BW) was given to ICR neonatal mice at day 1 after birth (1 dpp). Littermates injected with normal saline (NS) were used as control.Animals were examined for urine protein,blood pressure,kidney weight/body weight (KW/BW),renal histology at 2,4,8,12, 30,60 and 90 dpp (n=6～9 for each group).Immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to examine the expression of WT-1,CD31,VEGF,Flk-1,Ang-1,Ang-2,Tie-1 and Tie-2.Results Mice with PA injection had lower kidney weight and body weight at all time points as well as lower KW/BW at 4,8,12 dpp when compared with NS controls.Electron microscopy revealed nearly complete foot process effacement and segmental microvillous transformation as early as 1 day after PA injection.PA-injected kidneys showed fewer capillary loops and decreased maturation index as well as less CD31-positive endothelium in cortical glomeruli at 12 dpp. Glomerular mesangial injury and developing glomerulosclerosis along with proteinuria were noted in PA-injected kidneys starting from 30 dpp.Significantly increased systolic blood pressure was detected at 60 dpp in PA mice.Compared with NS injection,PA injection significantly induced decreased mRNA expression of Flk-1 and Tie-2 as well as increased expression of Ang-1,without obvious changes of VEGF at 2 dpp.Conclusions Podocytes in neonatal kidney of ICR mice are susceptible to PA. Such podocyte injury can alter the expression of VEGF and angiopoietin system in glomeruli,leading to abnormal development of glomerular capillaries,and subsequent proteinuria,hypertension and glomerulosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of ERβ in laryngeal carcinoma and the its correlation with the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) specific biomarkers. METHOD: Picture MT-Pv9000 was used to detect ERβ and EMT in 72 cases of human aqueous laryngeal carcinoma and 8 cases of adjacent non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa by immunohistochemistry. RESULT: The positive rates of ERβ in tumors and adjacent non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa were 27.78% and 25.00%, respectively. The differences were not significant (P > 0.05). The abnormal expression rates of E-cadherin and β-catenin were 61.11% and 76.39% respectively. The expression of ERβ correlated negatively with the loss of E-cadherin, nuclear translocation of β-catenin and increased TNM stage. The differences were significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The positive expressions of ERβ suggest a good prognosis in the differentiation, clinical stages and lymphatic metastasis of the laryngeal carcinoma. The underlying mechanism may be related with the abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin.
Antigens, CD ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)and the efficiency of glucocorticoid in therapy on this kind of disease.Methods Thirty-nine children with systemic JIA were divided into low dose group 0.5-1.0 mg/(kg?d)and high dose group 1.0-1.5 mg/(kg?d).And the efficiency was observed by change of active index after 10 and 20 days.Results The effective power was 58.8% and 72.7% after 10 days,respectively.After 20 days,the power was 76.5% and 90.9%,respectively.The power in high dose group was significantly higher than that in low dose group.It had no difference in statistical analysis for efficiency of 2 kind of glucocorticoid dosage to control fever,but it had obvious difference to control arthralgia,arthrocele,erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),C-reactive protein(CRP).Conclusion Glucocorticoid therapy is very effective to control the activity of disease in patients with systemic JIA.

A novel method was developed for the rapid determination of multi-indicators in corni fructus by means of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) based least squares support vector machine was investigated to increase the levels of quality control. The calibration models of moisture, extractum, morroniside and loganin were established using the PSO-LS-SVM algorithm. The performance of PSO-LS-SVM models was compared with partial least squares regression (PLSR) and back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN). The calibration and validation results of PSO-LS-SVM were superior to both PLS and BP-ANN. For PSO-LS-SVM models, the correlation coefficients (r) of calibrations were all above 0.942. The optimal prediction results were also achieved by PSO-LS-SVM models with the RMSEP (root mean square error of prediction) and RSEP (relative standard errors of prediction) less than 1.176 and 15.5% respectively. The results suggest that PSO-LS-SVM algorithm has a good model performance and high prediction accuracy. NIR has a potential value for rapid determination of multi-indicators in Corni Fructus.
Algorithms ; Calibration ; Cornus ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Models, Theoretical ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Quality Control ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Support Vector Machine

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of butylphthalide in the treatment of patient with transient ischemic attack.Methods Ninety -one cases with transient ischemic attack were ran-domly divided into control group ( n=45 ) and treatment group ( n=46 ).Patients in the control group were administered of ozagrel sodium 80 mg+0.9%NaCl 150 mL, ivgtt, bid; patients in treatment group adminis-tered of butylphthalide 25 mg, ivgtt, bid, two weeks a cycle.After 2 cycles treatment , the clinical efficacy of the two groups , the levels of serum fibrinogen(FIB) and triglyceride (TG) before and after treatment, the carotid intima-media thickness ( cIMT) and the area of the carotid artery, the area of the soft plaque and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared.Results Total clinical efficacy were 86.96%( 40/46 ) and 66.67%(30/45) respectively with statistical difference (P<0.05).The serum levels of TG and FIB were significantly decreased after treat-ment in both the control and treatment group ( P<0.05 ).The serum le-vels of TG and FIB were significant lower than control group after treat-ment ( P<0.05 ).Carotid artery IMT and plaque area in two groups had no significant changes of the two groups ( P >0.05 ).No significant adverse reaction in two groups occurred , only two patients with medication ncrease in transaminase , after 1 month, the aminotransferase levels recovery to normal.Conclusion Significant clini-cal efficacy and safety was found for butylphthalide in the treatment of transient ischemic attack.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) on cell membrane lipids and cholinergic receptors of human neuroblastoma cells.

METHODSHuman SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with different concentrations of Abeta(1-42) with and without pretreatment of vitamin E. MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] reduction, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and phospholipids were measured by spectrophotometry. Levels of cholesterol and unbiquinone were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The numbers of cholinergic receptor binding sites were determined by receptor binding assay and the protein levels of nicotinic receptor alpha3 and alpha7 subunits were studied by Western blotting.

RESULTSSH-SY5Y cells showed decreased reduction rates of MMT and phospholipids, and increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation after exposure to Abeta (0.1 micromol/L) as compared to the control. The number of cholinergic receptor binding sites, the protein level of nicotinic receptor alpha3 and alpha7 subunits and the content of ubiquinone decreased in cells treated with high dose of Abeta (1 micromol/L). Although the level of cholesterol was not changed in any way, vitamin E partially prevented the neurotoxic effects of Abeta.

CONCLUSIONbeta-amyloid peptide reduces the level of cell membrane lipids and cholinergic receptors in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, likely through the induction of an enhanced oxidative stress.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Membrane Lipids ; metabolism ; Neuroblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Peptide Fragments ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; toxicity ; Phospholipids ; metabolism ; Receptors, Nicotinic ; metabolism ; Ubiquinone ; metabolism ; Vitamin E ; metabolism ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the possible mechanism of oral carcinogenesis and to explore the value of clinical application of the detection of cytokeratin (CK) 19 for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.

METHODSThe cancerous tissues, para-cancerous tissues and excised lymph nodes were collected from 20 operated patients with OSCC. The patients didn't receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy before hospitalization. The relative expression of CK19 mRNA in those tissues was detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR).

RESULTSThe expression of CK19 mRNA in the cancerous tissues was 1.85 and 1.66 times higher than that in normal oral mucosa and in para-cancerous tissues, respectively. The expression of CK19 mRNA in lymph nodes from 9 patients with OSCC was positive and the positive rate was 45% (9/20). The positive rate of CK19 mRNA in all lymph nodes from 9 patients with OSCC was 81.8% (18/22), and the positive rate of CK19 mRNA in all lymph nodes from 20 patients with OSCC was 41.9%(18/43). CK19 mRNA level in the cancerous tissues relative to para-cancerous tissues and normal oral mucosa of the patients whose CK19 mRNA expression was positive was lower than that of the patients whose CK19 mRNA expression was negative in lymph nodes, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe possible reason that the expression of CK19 mRNA in the cancerous tissues was higher than that in para-cancerous tissues and normal oral mucosa was that the CK19 synthesis in cancerous tissues increased obviously. The detection of CK19 mRNA in lymph nodes was regarded probably as one of the markers for detecting OSCC micrometastasis in lymph nodes. The detection of CK19 mRNA in lymph nodes by FQ-PCR was more sensitive than hematoxylin-eosin staining in diagnosing OSCC micrometastasis.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mouth Neoplasms ; RNA, Messenger

OBJECTIVETo construct the recombinant adenovirus containing B7-H4 gene with AdEasy XL system and to identify its biological activities.

METHODSThe full-length mouse B7-H4 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from C57 mouse lung and put into T vector, then verified by sequencing. Digested with Xhol I and EcoR V the B7-H4 gene was inserted into pshuttle-CMW(PSC). Pme I linearized shuttle plasmid was transformed into E.coli BJ5183-AD-1 to obtain the recombinant adenoviral plasmid pAd-mB7-H4 by efficient homologous recombination. Then the recombinant adenovirus-mB7-H4/Ad was obtained by packaging Pac I linearized in D-293 cells. The mRNA and protein expression of B7-H4 in mB7-H4/Ad infected AD-293 cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. mB7-H4/Ad was used to infect L929 cells, the bioactivity of expressed B7-H4 in stimulation of T lymphocytes proliferation and cytokine production were tested.

RESULTSThe full-length of mB7-H4 was cloned from mouse lung tissue cDNA and verified by sequencing. The recombinant plasmid pAd-m B7-H4 was successfully generated by homologous recombination, and the primary mB7-H4/Ad was obtained by packaging pAd-B7-H4 in AD-293 cells. Compared with the negative control, L929 cells infected with mB7-H4/Ad effectively inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes and cytokines production.

CONCLUSIONThe bioactive recombinant adenovirus mB7-H4/Ad has been successfully constructed.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; B7-1 Antigen ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Transfection ; V-Set Domain-Containing T-Cell Activation Inhibitor 1

Objective To investigate the hyperglycemia rate and its correlative factors for the undiagnosed diabetes population in Xuhui District of Shanghai, and to provide the basis for early intervention of diabetes mellitus. Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling was adopted by probability proportionate to size method, and physical examination information and questionnaires were made and collected from 10 130 and 9085 people in 2010 and 2015 respectively from 5 000 households, blood-glucose being examined at the same time.Univariate analysis was made by t test and χ² test and logistic regression was used for analysis of related factors. Results In 2010 and 2015, the diabetes incidence rate was 2.21% and 1.93% respectively, and the hyperglycemia incidence rate in 2015 was higher than that in 2010 (15.28% vs. 12.63%), both increased with age and BMI value.The rate was higher in those with lower education, abnormal blood pressure, self-reported hypertension, self-reported coronary heart disease and smokers.The logistic regression analysis results showed the incidence of diabetes was positively correlated with age, BMI, abnormal blood pressure and smoking, while the incidence of hyperglycemia was positively correlated with the survey year, sex, age, BMI and abnormal blood pressure; both were negatively correlated with educational level. Conclusion The hyperglycemia incidence rate is high among the community undiagnosed diabetic population.We should focus on high-risk screening for diabetes mellitus, and key intervention of the population with low educational level, overweight and obesity, hypertension and unhealthy lifestyle.