Objective To review the recent studies about sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer. Methods The literatures in recent years on the history, concept, technique and clinical application of sentinel lymph node biopsy were reviewed and summarized.Results There was no unified method for sentinel lymph node biopsy. There was a wide range of detection rate and false negative rate.Conclusion Prospective multi center random clinical trials will help to evaluate the clinical application of sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Humans ; Malocclusion ; therapy ; Molar, Third ; growth & development ; pathology ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Tooth Eruption ; Tooth Loss ; pathology ; Tooth Movement Techniques

Histocytological Preparation Techniques ; methods ; Microtomy ; methods ; Tissue Embedding

Objective To study the feasibility of using the Orem self-care model in the nursing manpower management of pediatrics,and then summarized the experiences of nursing.Methods Analyzed the nursing points when using the Orem self-care model in the nursing manpower management of pediatrics,evaluated the limitation of children′s self-care,and then allocated nurses reasonable.Results The Orem self-care model was the key in the course of advance the quality of life for children,which can ameliorate the communication between the nurses and the children.Conclusion Using the Orem self-care model in the nursing manpower management of pediatrics can effective advance the nursing efficiency.

Purpose:To study the effect of inhibition of telomerase activity and cell cycle by transcriptase telomerase inhibitors (3′ azido 3′ deoxythymidine, AZT) on squamous cell carcinoma of tongue in vitro.Methods:Human squmous cell carcinoma of tongue cell line Tca8113 was used as target cell. Telomerase activity was determined by TRAP PCR ELISA in untreated and treated Tca8113 by AZT, cell cycle phases were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results:Telomerase activity of Tca8113 was significantly inhibited when treated with AZT, and the effect of inhibition was dose dependant (rate of telomerase activity treated with AZT in 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, 1.5mol 10 -1 was 0.69 0.03, 0.61 0.08, 0.53 0.11, 0.50 0.02 respectively, rate of telomerase activity treated without AZT was 0.76 0.06). Cell cycle of treated Tca8113 was changed with marked increase in G 2 /M phase compared with untreated Tca8113 (62.8% vs 19.7%, P

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture combined with tuina manipulation for thoracic facet joint disorder. Methods:A total of 93 eligible cases were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group. Patients in the observation group (n=46) were treated with acupuncture combined with tuina manipulation, whereas patients in the control group (n=47) were treated with tuina manipulation alone. The treatment was done once a day, for a total of 3 times. Therapeutic efficacies were then evaluated according to scores on signs and symptoms.
Results:After treatment, there were intra-group statistically significant differences in scores of eight signs and symptoms (all P<0.01); and the between-group differences were statistically significant in scores of eight signs and symptoms (all P<0.05). After three times of treatment, the recovery rate in the observation group was 54.4%, versus 25.4% in the control group, showing a statistical significance (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Acupuncture combined with tuina manipulation can obtain better effects than tuina manipulation alone for thoracic facet joint disorder and is therefore worth further clinical application.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of phyllodes tumor of the breast. Methods Clinical data from 30 patients with phyllodes tumor confirmed surgically and pathologically were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 30 cases of phyllodes tumor, there were 16 cases of benign tumor, 9 cases of borderline tumor and 5 cases of malignant tumor according to the standard histological criteria. Local mass excision, total mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy and tumor mass excision were performed in 8, 8 and 13 patients, and 1 patient, respectively. A follow up of 20 cases for 1-24 years found 1 death, but all the others survived. Four patients out of the 20 patients underwent total mastectomy or modified radical mastectomy due to tumor recurrence. Conclusion The preoperative diagnosis of phyllodes tumor is difficult. Intraoperative frozen section examination of the suspicious lesions should be conducted. Multiple slices of the specimen should be performed. Surgical options are closely associated with the prognosis. Wide local excision or total mastectomy is recommended in surgical options.

Objective To investigate the expression changes of fractalkine (FKN)in focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion penumbra,and to explore its variation law and role in the inflammation of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods The cerebral ischemia reperfusionmodel was established by intraluminal thread occlusion in the middle cerebral arteries occlusion (MCAO).FKN protein expression in focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion penumbra was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results The results of immunohistochemistry stain showed that the chemokine FKN was expressed in a low level in the normal group and the sham operation group,and there were no significant differences among the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Compared with the humbers of FKN in normal group (37.03± 6.28) in focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion penumbra,the expression of FKN in model group was increased after 3 h of reperfusion (48.58±7.29) (P＜0.05),peaked at 24 h (112.08±8.26) (P＜0.05],and then decreased gradually at day 7 after reperfusion,but had no significant difference (40.73 ± 4.02) (P＞ 0.05).FKN was expressed in a low level in the sham operation group (0.527±0.002),then up-regulated after 3 h of reperfusion [(0.598±0.004),P＜0.05],peaked at 24 h [(0.833±0.005),P＜0.05],maintained a high level till 48 h after reperfusion [(0.735±0.002),P＜0.05],and return to baseline level at day 7 after reperfusion [(0.533±0.004),P＞0.05].Conclusions Fractalkine is upregulated after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion,and has a dynamical change,which indicates that fractalkine might involve in the inflammatory process after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To study the association of ER? expression with the expression of hormonal receptor and prognostic biomarkers.Methods The expressions of ER?,ER?,PR,Ki-67,HER-2/neu and p53 were detected in tissue samples from 109 breast cancer patients by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray slides.The histologic grade,tumor size and lymph node metastasis status of 109 cases of breast cancer were recorded and served as comparison indexes.Results ER? was expressed in benign epithelium and stroma cells,and breast cancer cells in 59% breast cancer tissues of different histologic types.ER? was coexpressed with ER? in 45% breast cancer tissues.ER? expression was found a statistically significant association with HER-2/neu(P