Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of chronic and frequently-occurring disease in the elderly.It is also called degenerative disease.Pain,stiffness,swelling,deformity and dysfunction of joints are the main clinical manifestations,which seriously affect the quality of life.Kaschin-Beck Disease (KBD) is a kind of endemic diseases;its main feature is cartilage degeneration and necrosis.Although KBD becomes a typical OA in late stage,it is different from OA.Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 participate in the bone growth,repair,and alteration.In this paper,we summarized clinical manifestations and pathological changes of OA,and reviewed the current situation and development of OPG and IGF-1 in OA bone remodeling.

Objective To analysis curative effect of triple therapy and sequential therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with long-term aspirin use.Methods 52 patients with long-term aspirin use who were diagnosed with helicobacter pylori infection were collected.All patients were divided into sequential group and triple group according to different drugs classified, each 26 cases in each group were given corresponding drug treatment, after the end of treatment, the serum pepsinogen, Hp-IgG antibody levels and Helicobacter pylori clearance rate were detected in all patients. Results After treatment, compared with the triple Group, in the sequential group, the levels of serum PG I and PG II were lower, and PGⅠ/PGⅡwas higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);the serum Hp-IgG antibody levels were lower in the sequential group (P<0.05);the Hp clearance rate of patients in the sequential group was higher (P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with triple therapy, sequential therapy can lower serum PG, PG II and Hp-IgG levels, and improve the Hp clearance rate and clinical efficacy, have guiding significance to clinical.

BACKGROUND:Retinal diseases are caused by damage or apoptosis of the retinal cel s and lack of ideal treatment. Induced pluripotent stem cel s have self-renewal ability and differentiation potential. A new potential source from which to produce stem cel s as a therapeutic platform for the treatment of retinal diseases and avoid ethics issues is the research focus currently.
OBJECTIVE:To review recent advancement of induced pluripotent stem cel s and the potential utility for retinal diseases.
METHODS:The first author searched related articles published from 2006 to 2011 by computer retrieval in PubMed database using the keywords of“induced pluripotent stem cel s, retinal, photoreceptor, retinal pigment epithelium, retinal ganglion cel”in English. Final y, total y 42 papers were involved.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Induced pluripotent stem cel s can be induced to differentiate into retinal cel s which have a possibility to be used as donor cel s for transplantation therapies. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cel s can be used as disease models for mechanistic studies and drug screening. It is a promising therapy for retinal degenerative diseases. However, some problems stil remain, such as risk of teratoma formation and low efficiency of somatic cel s to be successful y induced into induced pluripotent stem cel s. It stil requires further more studies.

Objective: To explore the active compounds of Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid for the treatment of coronavirus desease 2019 (COVID-19) by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: The chemical constituents and action targets of Atractylodes chinensis, Citrus reticulata, Magnolia officinalis, Angelica dahurica, Poria cocos, Areca catechu, Pinellia ternata, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Pogostemon cablin and Perilla frutescens were retrieved from TCMSP. Uniprot database was used to search the corresponding genes of targets, then Cyoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct the network of medicinal materials-compound-target (gene) for visualization; GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed through DAVID to predict its mechanism of action, and histograms and bubble maps were plotted by Prism software and Omicshare database for visualization. Results: The network of medicinal materials-compound-target contained 10 medicinal materials, 123 compounds and 257 corresponding target genes, and the key target genes involved PTGS2, HSP90AB1, AR, CAMSAP2, PPARG, NOS2, etc. GO functional enrichment analysis resulted in 278 GO entries (P < 0.05), including 178 biological processes (BP) entries and 36 cellular component (CC) entries, and 64 molecular function (MF) entries. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that there were 119 (P < 0.05) signaling pathways involving Hepatitis B, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer and T cell receptor pathways. The results of molecular docking showed that the core compounds such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, irisolidone, kaempferol, wogonin, and baicalein were similar in affinity with the COVID-19 recommended medicine. Among them, quercetin, isorhamnetin and irisolidone had the strongest affinity. Conclusion: The compounds in Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid can combine with angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) binding to PTGS2, HSP90AB1, AR, CAMSAP2 and other targets to regulate multiple signaling pathways, thus exerting a preventive or therapeutic effect on COVID-19.

Aim To investigate whether rosuvastatin induced reduction of atherosclerotic plaque was related to the expression of Sialyltransferase ( ST6 Gal-Ⅰ) in ApoE-/ - mice. Methods Six-weeks old ApoE-/ -mice fed with high fat were divided randomly into three groups: baseline group ( n=12 ) , control group ( n=12 ) and rosuvastatin group ( n =12 ) . Sixteen weeks later, control group was sacrificed. Serum and aortic intima were saved. Control group and rosuvastatin group were fed for seven weeks continually. Concentra-tions of serum lipids(TC, TG, LDL and HDL) were analyzed. Sections from the aortic root were examined by Hematoxylin-Eosin( HE) staining. The size of ath-erosclerotic lesion in each section was evaluated. Ex-pression of ST6 Gal-Ⅰ in aortic intima was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Plasma TG and LDL-C, plaque areas and intimal thickness of control group were significant higher than those of baseline group ( P<0. 05 ) . Those results indicated that the AS model was successfully constructed. After seven weeks, the plaque areas and concentrations of serum lipids of rosu-vastatin group were obviously smaller than those of con-trol group(P<0. 05). The expression of ST6Gal-Ⅰin aortic root was decreased in control group compared to the baseline, and which was increased in control group compared to the rosuvastatin group. Conclusion Ro-suvastatin could inhibit the progression of atherosclero-sis, which might be related to the expression of ST6Gal-Ⅰ in aortic root.

OBJECTIVETo study the factors influencing short-term prognosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in children.

METHODSThe clinical data of 137 hospitalized children with TBM between January 2007 and February 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 30 potential factors influencing short-term prognosis of TBM were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSClinical staging showed that of the 137 children 21 cases (15.3%) were in the early stage, 67 cases (48.9%) in the medium stage and 49 cases (35.8%) in the late stage of TBM. The univariate analysis revealed 8 factors associated with a poor short-term prognosis: clinical stage of TBM (late), coma, positive Babinski signs, cranial nerve involvements, paralysis, seizures, obvious abnormalities in brain computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and elevated protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Factors associated with a favourable short-term prognosis for TBM included glucocorticoid steroids therapy, positive reaction of PPD skin test and an increased length of stay in hospital. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed two independent risk factors for a poor short-term prognosis: clinical stage of TBM (late) (OR: 11.168, 95%CI: 3.521-35.426) and positive signs of meningeal irritation (OR: 4.275, 95%CI: 1.043-17.521). An increased length of stay in hospital was shown as a favorable factor (OR: 0.893, 95%CI: 0.825-0.968).

CONCLUSIONSLate-stage TBM and positive signs of meningeal irritation suggest a poor prognosis, while an appropriately longer length of stay in hospital may contribute to a favorable short-term prognosis for children with TBM.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To compare clinical outcomes in eyes with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) with peripheral breaks managed by surgical protocols that result in either complete (CSFD) or partial subretinal fluid drainage (PSFD).Methods Following the clinical detection of a maculaoff RRD with peripheral retinal breaks,patients were offered the opportunity to enroll in the study,and those patients who signed the consent were evaluated for eligibility based upon the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this clinical study,and if fully eligible they were assigned prospectively to one of the two surgical designs (PSFD or CSFD,1∶ 1) using a random number table.Seventy-two eyes of 72 patients were enrolled and studied.Patients were treated with 25G plus vitrectomy,endolaser or transscleral cryopexy,either complete (n=36),or partial (n=36) subretinal fluid drainage,and 14％C3F8 (PFO) was used for intraocular tamponade.After surgery,all patients were kept in a supine position for 24 hours,and then in a clinically optimal position for 6-10 days.The study patients were examined at 1,3 and 6 months after surgery with thorough ophthalmic examinations.Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was acquired in 1 month.Anatomical and visual outcomes as well as intra-operative and postoperative complications of the two groups were compared.Furthermore,the persistence of subfoveal fluid in OCT images and the symptoms of distortion at 3 months were measured and recorded.The primary study endpoint of anatomic retinal reattachment for each group was based upon the 6-month time-point.Results The preoperative baseline characteristics between the two groups were not significantly different.The single-operation success rates were 88.9％ and 91.6％ respectively for the CSFD and the PSFD groups (x2 =0.158,P＞0.05).The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 month endpoint were 0.99± 0.52 minimum resoluation angle in logarithmic (logMAR) for the CSFD group and 1.07±0.34 logMAR for the PSFD group(t=0.580,P=0.564).The mean operative time was longer in the CSFD group (62.25± 4.32) minutes than that in the PSFD group (47.9 ± 5.0) minutes (t =0.580,P=0.564).seven of 29 (24.1％) phakic eyes in the CSFD group had lens injury during SRF drainage,and none of the 31-phakic eyes in the PSFD group sustained lens damage.Residual PFO was present in 6 of 36 CSFD cases (16.7％).Successful retinal reattachment after primary surgery was achieved in 33) PSFD eyes and in 32 CSFD eyes based upon OCT imaging at 1 month demonstrated reattached foveae with no residual subfoveal fluid.Among these patients,22 patients (62.5％) in the CSFD group and 23(69.7％) patients in the PSFD group reported distortion in the operated eye or/and a difference in image size between the two eyes at the 6 month visit (P=1.00).Conclusions Partial subretinal fluid drainage during pars plana vitrectomy for the repair of macula-off RRD with peripheral breaks is effective.The success rates are not statistically different.Additionally,PSFD procedures can simplify the surgery procedure,shorten operative time and,and to some extent,reduce the incidence of complications relevant to the CSFD approach.

AIM: To probe into the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DRB1 alleles to esophageal neoplasm in Hubei Han Chinese. METHODS: HLA-DRB1 gene polymorphism in 42 patients with esophageal neoplasm and 136 normal control subjects was studied by PCR and sequence. RESULTS: Allele frequency of HLA-DRB1 *0901 allele was significantly higher in esophageal cancer patients than those in normal controls (0 2500 vs 0 1397,P =0 028; the odds ratio 2 053; etiologic fraction 0 1282).There were no association between the rested HLA-DRB1 alleles with patients. CONCLUSION: Individuals carrying HLA-DRB1 *0901 may be susceptible to esophagealo carcinoma, its nucleotide sepuence approachs to the corresponded allele sequence(exon 2)published in GenBank.

Objective It's not clear why the severity of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) caused by enterovirus 71 (EV71) was varied clinically.In this study,the relation between the virus load of EV71 and the severity of HFMD was analyzed and the foundation for HFMD control and treatment were laid.Methods Two hundred and fortyseven patients with HFMD caused by EV71 from Jan.2012 to Sep.2013 in Xi'an Children's Hospital were enrolled and clinical data were collected,including age,gender,clinical symptoms,signs,routine blood count,fasting glucose,C-reactive protein and enterovirus.The EV71 virus loads of 247 patients with HFMD were measured by real-time PCR assay.Meanwhile,the effect of EV71 RNA on the severity of HFMD was analyzed.Results In this study,121 mild cases and 126 severe cases with HFMD limb shaking,fasting glucose,lymphocyte and neutrophil percentage were statistically significant between the 2 groups (all P ＜ 0.05).The counts of EV71 RNA from all of the 247 throat swab samples were more than 100 copies/mL,and the highest virus load was 1.1 × 105 copies/mL.The highest value of EV71 RNA was 9.32 × 104 copies/mL and 1.1 × 105 copies/mL in mild and severe cases,respectively,there was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The results of EV71 RNA by RT-PCR are visualized and convenient.The virus loads of EV71 are not associated with the severity of HFMD,but further studies need to analyze.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of Semen Cassiae application on navel in treating essential hypertension. Methods Totally 1674 cases of hypertension, according to visiting sequence, were randomly divided into treatment group (864 cases) and control group (810 cases). The control group was given hydrochloride enalapril 10 mg orally, 2 times a day. The treatment group was treated with Semen Cassiae application on navel, replaced per 24 h. The two groups were treated with moderate exercise, reasonable diet, and the course was 6 months. The clinical symptoms, blood pressure, blood lipid and blood rheology of the two groups were measured before and after treatment. Results To compare the symptoms efficacy, total effectiveness of treatment group was 95.14%(822/864), the control group was 71.11%(576/810), there was a significant difference (P<0.01). To compare antihypertensive effects, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 95.60% (826/864), the control group was 73.46% (595/810), there was a significant difference (P<0.01). The change of blood pressure in the treatment group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.01). TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C and blood rheology of the treatment group was significant different between before and after treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion On the basis of western medicine, Semen Cassiae application on navel played a double effect of acupoint and drug. It is more effective in lowering blood pressure, improving the clinical symptoms, blood lipid and blood rheology indexes.