Objective : To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of influenza among the elderly in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2021 (April 2017 to March 2022), so as to provide insights into influenza control among the elderly. Methods : The data pertaining to surveillance of patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) at ages of 60 years and older in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2021 were retrieved from Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information Management, and the temporal distribution of ILI cases and the results of influenza virus tests were descriptively analyzed. Results : Totally 26 908 ILI cases at ages of 60 years and older were reported in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2021, with an ILI prevalence rate of 0.17%. The prevalence of ILI appeared a tendency towards a rise in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2021 (χ2trend=268.554, P<0.001), and the epidemic peaked in the 3rd to 7th weeks of 2019 and 2020. The overall positive rate of influenza virus was 6.80%, and the positive rate of influenza virus showed a tendency towards a decline from 2017 to 2021 (χ2trend=425.268, P<0.001). Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 (46.82%) and A (H3N2) (22.79%), as well as influenza B virus lineages B/Victoria (12.11%) and B/Yamagata (18.28%) were predominant types, which changes among the study period. The detection of influenza virus-positive samples peaked from December to March of the next year, and a high positive rate of influenza virus was detected in Hegang (12.35%), Heihe (11.47%) and Daqing cities (11.07%). There was no significant correlation between the prevalence of ILI and the positive rate of influenza virus in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2021 (rs=-0.800, P=0.104). Conclusions The prevalence of ILI appeared a tendency towards a rise among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2021, and the epidemic peaked in winter and spring. Influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, A (H3N2), B/Victoria, B/Yamagata were alternately prevalent and there was no obvious correlation between ILI prevalence and the positive rate of influenza virus.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathological features and significance of myocardial contraction band necrosis in sudden cardiac death. METHODS: Using HE and PTAH staining, the distribution sites and pathological features of myocardial contraction band necrosis were observed. The data were analyzed according to the extent of necrosis. RESULTS: The locations, pathological features and the extent of necrosis were similar in different sudden death cases. The locations were related with sites of myocardial damage. The papillary muscles of left ventricular were most occurred, followed by the anterior wall of left ventricular. In the sudden death cases caused by stress cardiomyopathy, the extent of myocardial contraction band necrosis was lighter than the others. Most cases were predominantly level 1, the others were level 2. CONCLUSION Used as the diagnosis basis of acute myocardial ischemia, the myocardial contraction band necrosis has important significance to determination of death.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Disease/complications* ; Death, Sudden/etiology* ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/pathology* ; Female ; Heart Diseases/pathology* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Contraction/physiology* ; Myocardium/pathology* ; Necrosis

This article reviews the principle of electrical impedance tomography imaging and measurement system; focuses on electrical impedance tomography imaging detection system of incentive mode and several typical image reconstruction algorithm of electrical impedance imaging; and objectively compares and effectively evaluates several image reconstruction algorithm.
Algorithms ; Electric Impedance ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography

Objective To investigate the factors impact on the mortality of severe acute pancreati- tis(SAP)and the related treatment methods.Methods The data from 24 patients died of SAP from Jan- uary 1993 to June 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.The factor that impact motality and treatment measures were also analyzed.Results The mortality of patients with SAP was 6.65%(24/361).Multi- ple organ dysfunction sydrome(MODS)was the main cause of death in early stage of SAP.The infection was an important cause in later stage.The mortality was higher in SAP patients with other complications than those without.Conclusions MODS is the main cause of death in early stage.Close monitoring and supportive treatments in early stage can reduce mortality.Individualized treatments,including nonsurgi- cal,surgical and interventional therapy should be adopted in later stage,with emphases on reducing com- plications.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Cells of the rat hepatocyte line BRL were cultured. The hepatocytes were treated with LPS, ERS inducer thapsigargin (TG), and ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), respectively or in their different combination. The cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The cyto-nuclear morphological changes of apoptosis cells were detected by the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33258. The apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining. Expressions of GRP78 as ERS marker protein, CHOP, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 as ERS related protein were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: LPS could cause a decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis rate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of GRP78, CHOP, caspase-12 and cleaved-caspase-3 proteins were significantly increased with LPS treatment. TG led to a marked decrease in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis rate, which aggravated the hepatocyte injury induced by LPS; whereas 4-PBA alleviated LPS-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION ERS mediates LPS-induced hepatocyte injuries, indicating that ERS may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced hepatocyte injuries.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; Hepatocytes ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Phenylbutyrates ; Rats

In this paper, actinomycetes were isolated from vermicompost by tablet coating method. Antimicrobial activities of actinomycetes were measured by the agar block method. Strains with high activity were identified based on morphology and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The results showed that 26 strains of actinomycetes were isolated, 16 of them had antimicrobial activities to the test strains which accounts for 61.54% of all strains. Among the 16 strains, the strain QYF12 and QYF22 had higher antimicrobial activity to Micrococcus luteus, with a formed inhibition zone of 27 mm and 31 mm, respectively. While the strain QYF26 had higher antimicrobial activity to Bacillus subtilis, and the inhibition zone diameter was 21 mm. Based on the identification of strains with high activity, the strain QYF12 was identified as Streptomyces chartreusis, the strain QYF22 was S. ossamyceticus and the strain QYF26 was S. gancidicus. This study provided a theoretical basis for further separate antibacterial product used for biological control.
Actinobacteria ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; Feces ; microbiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligochaeta ; Phylogeny ; Quality Control

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To evaluate the effect of intravenous injecting plasmid encoding interleukin-19-IgG on exper-imental autoimmune myocarditis ( EAM) in rats.METHODS:Cardiac myosin was emulsified with equal volume of com-plete Freund’ s adjuvant.The animal model of EAM was established by injecting with the preparation in both footpads of the Lewis rats.The rats were intravenously injected with the plasmid encoding IL-19-IgG on day 6.Echocardiography was per-formed before the rats were sacrificed on day 17.The effect of IL-19-IgG plasmid injection was evaluated by measuring the heart weight/body weight, myocarditis area, relative expression levels of atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP) and brain natri-uretic peptide (BNP) in the hearts.The mRNA expression levels of related cytokines including IL-18, IL-1β, IL-12p35 and IFN-γwere detected.RESULTS:The rats in model group showed significant myocardial damage and a decrease in the left ventricular functions.The rats in the treatment group injected with IL-19-IgG plasmid showed an improvement of the cardiac functions.The ratio of heart weight/body weight, the area of myocarditis and the mRNA levels of ANP and BNP were significantly lower in IL-19-IgG treatment group than those in model group.The mRNA levels of IL-18, IL-1β, IL-12p35 and IFN-γwere also significantly decreased in IL-19-IgG treatment group.CONCLUSION:Intravenous injection of plasmid encoding IL-19-IgG effectively prevents the development of the left ventricular remodeling and myocardial damage in EAM rats.

· AIM: To compare the measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) by IOLMaster and contact ultrasonic (US) axial scan (A-scan).· METHODS: Measurements of ACD and AL were prospectively obtained in 137 eyes of 121 subjects with the IOLMaster compared with measurements with the US.· RESULTS: There was an excellent correlation between IOLMaster and US measurements for the ACD (r=0.823;P＜0.001) and AL (r=0.996;P＜0.001). The mean values of the parameters measured by IOLMaster and US were,respectively, as follows: ACD, 2.94±0.49mm, 2.58±0.51mm;AL, 24.37±3.04mm, 23.81±2.83mm. The mean differences of ACD and AL values between IOLMaster and US measurements were 0.36 ±0.30mm, 0.56 ±0.34 mm respectively, and they proved to be statistically significant (P＜0.001), With the 95%limits of agreement (LoA) from -0.08mm to +0.38mm for ACD and from -0.09mm to +0.69mm for AL.· CONCLUSION: As noncontact biometry, IOLMaster provides accurate values. A high degree of agreement between US and IOLMaster was noted. It not only has the advantage of performing noncontact examinations, but also produces various additional data simultaneously and may thus obviate the need for multiple examinations. Further studies are needed to assess the interchangeability of measurements in clinical practice.

Objective To observe the long term effects of arthroscopic knee debridement and reconstructing operation for treating osteoarthritis in patients with Kaschin-Beck disease. Methods Thirty-one cases of patients with Kaschin-Beck disease were followed for 6 years after operation of articular clearing by arthroscope. Index of pain, symptoms of self-evaluation, range of motion, walking distance, standing test by affected leg when bending at 30° or 60° were recorded and compared with the preoperative results. Results Twenty-four cases were followed up for 6 years. Six years after operation the pain index(3.38 ± 2.87) was dramatically decreased compared to that before operation (6.88 ± 1.45, t = 5.30, P ＜ 0.05). Patients symptoms markedly improved by subjective self-evaluation was 70.83% (17/24), the effective rate was 100% (24/24). The number of cases that could stand up when leg bending at 30° or 60° were 21,18 cases, respectively, compared with that of preoperative of 14, 11 cases, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(x2 = 5.17,4.27, all P ＜ 0.05). Six years after operation the walking distance(3 cases ＜ 1 km, 11 cases 1 - 5 km and 10 cases ＞ 5 km) were greatly improved compared to the results before operation (12 cases ＜ 1 km, 9 cases 1 - 5 km and 3 cases ＞ 5 km, U = 2.88, P ＜0.05). Six years after operation the knee activity[(132.25 ± 14.52)°] remained at the same level, compared with that of preoperative [(131 .58 ± 14.68) °], the difference was not statistically significant (t = 0.16, P ＞ 0.05) .Conclusions The method of arthroscopic joint debridement to cure Kaschin-Beck disease knee osteoarthritis can significantly reduce pain, improve function and walking distance, with more stable long-term satisfactory outcome.

ObjectiveTo explore the method of co-culture of Schwann cell(SCs) with fascia and provide experimental basis for repairing transected nerve.MethodsSCs were co-cultured with fascia.Double staining by anti-BrdU and anti-S-100,S-100 fluorescent staining and anti-BrdU staining were used.ResultsThere were a plenty of SCs around fascia proliferated rapidly and disposed in parallel. SCs could be distinguished from fibroblastic cells by S-100 fluorescent staining and also be staining positive by anti-BrdU antibody,implying their high proliferous ability. Anti-BrdU and anti-S-100 staining showed numerous double staining positive SCs on the fascia: nucleus was stained deep blue while cytoplasm was stained red.ConclusionMany SCs with high proliferous ability were seen on the fascia, which can be used to repair transected nerve.