Objective To observe the protective effect of probiotics VSL # 3 on the rats of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) induced acute colitis, and the effect on the expression of tight junction proteins claudins (claudinl, 2, and 3) in colon mucosa. Methods Rat of colitis model was induced by TNBS one time enema. Since the second day after the model established, 2ml 0.9％ sodium chloride was intragastric administrated into 8 rats each day (TNBS group), 8 rats with 100 mg VSL # 3 (VSL # 3 group ), another 8 rats with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) intragastric administration (5-ASA group), and 0.9％ sodium chloride was intragastric administrated daily into 5 no modeling rats as control group. All were treated for 7 days and then sacrificed. Fecal samples were collected for bacterial culturing and detecting the changes of colon bacteria colonies. Disease activity index (DAI was calculated according to diarrhea, hemafecia and weight. The colon tissue was taken for HE staining and the pathological changes were observed under microscope.The changes of myeloperoxidase (MPO) level in colon tissue were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression and distribution of claudins 1, 2, and 3 in colon tissue was detected by a novel quantum dots immunofluorescence labeling technique. Results Compared with TNBS group,both VSL # 3 and 5-ASA treatment could improve colitis, as well as decreas DAI and colonic MPO level, and lower the inflammatory score of colitis. Compared with control group, the bacteria counting in the colon of colitis rats changed, the expression of Claudins 1, 2, and 3 expression was significantly increased (average density: 66.200±5.737, 71.780±6.670 and 61.300±5. 199,t＝17.237, 27.909and 21.788, all P＜0.01). Compared with TNBS group or 5-ASA group, VSL# 3 could adjust the balance of intestinal bacteria and increase the expression of Claudin 1 and 3 (Claudin 1 : 75. 550 ±8.717, 66.200±5.737 and 67.080±5.401;t＝9.348, 8. 469; all P＜0.05; Claudin-3: 68. 820±7.443, 61.300±5. 199 and 59. 830±5. 930;t＝7. 519, 8. 988, all P＜0.05), however claudin 2 expression was down-regulated (58. 740±6. 457, 71. 780±6. 670 and 66. 870±5. 791; t＝ 13. 033,P＜0.01, t＝8. 123, P＜0. 05). Conclusion Probiotics VSL# 3 may enhance the intestinal mucosal barrier function through changing the claudins expression, and play a role in the relief of inflammatory reaction in acute colitis.

Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of acute pancreatitis complicated with hyperlipidemia.Methods 497 patients admitted from Jan.2002 to Dec.2007 were screened,60 patients who fulfiHed the inclusion criteria were enrolled,and these patients were divided into two groups according to the level of serum triglyeeride and disease severity respectively.Patients whose serum level of triglyeeride>11.3 mmoVL were defined as severe hyperlipidemia group.while those patients whose serum level of triglyceride between 5.65～11.3 mmol/L with milky serliiH were defined as mild hyperlipidemia group.Patients were classified into mild acute pancreatitis(MAP) and Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) groups according to the disease severity.The etiology and clinical characteristics in all patients were investigated. Results There were 13 patients in severe hyperlipidemia group,47 patients in mild hyperlipidemia group.5 patients(38.5%)in Severe hyperlipidemia group had history of acute pancreatitis,which wag significantly higher than that of mild hyperlipidemia group(10.6%,P<0.05).The etiology was mainly biliary diseases in the mild hyperlipidemia group,and mainly hyperlipidemia in the severe hyperlipidemia group.The levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride was(8.17±2.76)mmol/L and(13.47±4.12)mmol/L,which were significantly higher than(4.97±1.67)mmol/L and(4.09±2.18)mmol/L of mild hyperlipidemia group(P< 0.01).The Serum amylase,gluc08e,TG,Tc and duration of relief of abdominal pain were(1396±2233) U/L.(14.17±8.37)mmol/L,(7.69±6.56)mol/L,(5.39±3.58)mmol/L and(6.30±3.27)d, respectively,in SAP group;and the corresponding values were(831±1348)U/L,(8.28±3.89)mmol/L, (5.55±3.92)moVL,(5.64±1.79)mol/L and(4.29±2.62)d in MAP group;only the values ofglucose and duration of relief of abdominal pain were statistically different(P<0.05).Conclusions The recurrence rate of acute panereatitis was hisher in patients with severe hyperlipdemia;the severity of hyperlipdemia Was closely associated with the development of acute pancreatitis,but not the severity of acute pancreatitis.

The normal growth of blood vessels is the result of dynamic balance of angiogenic factor and inhibitory factor in vascular tissue.However, when the balance is broken, the growth of new blood vessels will be induced.Endogenous angiogenesis inhibitory factor, is a group of negative feedback molecules produced by the body itself that inhibit angiogenesis.Its function of inhibiting angiogenesis is mainly realized by promoting the binding of angiogenic factor to its receptor, or its downstream angiogenesis signal, or promoting vascular endothelial apoptosis.The study of angiogenesis inhibitory factor has potential clinical significance for the prevention and treatment of retinal neovascularization.Recent studies on retinal neovascularization inhibitory factor are reviewed in this paper.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypothyroidism during the second trimester and its relationship with thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb). Methods Two thousand one hundred and forty one pregnant women whose gestational age between 14 to 28 weeks,accepted their prenatal care at the outpatient clinic of International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital from March 1,2010 to July 31,2010 were enrolled into this study. Serum TPOAb,thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) of these women were detected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of subclinical hypothyroidism and positive TPOAb,while Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the levels of TSH,FT4 and TPOAb. Results (1) Subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 13.36％ (286/2141) patients. Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia occurs in 0.14％ (3/2141) of pregnant women.No overt hypothyroidism patient was detected and 6.26％ (134/2141) of all pregnant women exhibited positive TPOAb(≥50 U/ml).(2) Positive rate of TPOAb in subclinical hypothyroidism group,isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia group and normal thyroid function group was 13.64％ (39/286),0/3 and 5.06％ (86/1701) respectively,and there was difference among the three groups (x2 =30.82,P＜0.01).The positive rate of TPOAb did not relate to fetal gender,maternal age,gestational age,gravidity and parity.(3) TPOAb had positive relationship with TSH level (r=0.12,P＜0.01),while did not relate to FT4 level (r=-0.04,P=0.09). (4) Positive TPOAb (OR 3.18,95％ CI:2.10-4.83,P＜0.01) and gravidity (OR=1.21,95％ CI:1.02-1.43,P=0.030)were risk factors of subclinical hypothyroidism. Conclusions Hypothyroidism is common during the second trimester. It is necessary to screen TPOAb in pregnant women as TPOAb is an independent and important predictor of subclinical hypothyroidism.

Ear Neoplasms ; Ear, Middle ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mastoid ; pathology ; Melanoma ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo determine the effect of type I transmembrane protein (IRE1alpha) deletions on the cell cycle of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) cells.

METHODSBased on the IRE1alpha deletions, a full-length model was successfully constructed. Moreover, overlapping polymerase chain reaction mutagenesis facilitated the establishment of two deletion mutants of IREla (pD-Kinase, pD-Rnase). The full-length model and two mutant eukaryotic expression vectors were transfected into hPDLFs cells. Western blot analysis was performed to identify the expression in the cells. The changes in the cell cycle of hPDLFS cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM).

RESULTSThe two deletion mutants of IRE1alpha with eukaryotic expression vectors were successfully constructed and correctly expressed in hPDLFs cells based on Western blot analysis. Under stress conditions, the FCM assay showed that cell percentage of S phases increased, whereas that of G1 phases decreased in the IRE1alpha group (P < 0.05) compared with the control group of tunicamycin (TM) treatment. Moreover, the cell percentage of the S phases decreased, whereas that of the G1 phases increased in the D-Rnase group (P < 0.05) compared with the control. The deletion mutant D-Kinase had no influence on hPDLFS cell proliferation and cycle (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONUnder stress conditions, IRE1alpha can improve the cell cycle of hPDLFs cells from the G1 to the S phase. The deletion mutant D-Rnase cause hPDLFs cell growth arrest at the G1 phase, whereas deletion mutant D-Kinase has no significant effect.

Objective To investigate etiology and clinical features of acute pancreatitis (AP) in young patients. Methods In total, 423 patients with AP admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province during January 2006 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed, 55 cases aged 34 years or less as young group and another 55 cases aged more than 34 years as middle- and elderly-age group. Their etiology, clinical features and illness scores based on some standard criteria were assessed. Results Proportion of varied etiologies of AP in young group was different from that in middle- and elderly-age one (x2 = 17. 107, P = 0. 009) , mainly as biliary and idiopathic pancreatitis in young group and as biliary and alcoholic pancreatitis in middle- and elderly-age one. Incidence of diet-related and idiopathic pancreatitis were higher in young group than that in middle- and elderly-age one ( x2 =4. 853, P = 0. 028 and x2=4. 274, P = 0. 039 ). Scores of the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II ( APACHE II ) , Ranson criteria and the bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis ( BISAP) were all lower in young group than those in middle- and elderly-age one (t = 5. 381 , P = 0. 000; t = 4. 388 , P = 0. 000 and t=3. 083, P = 0. 003 ) . There was no statistically significant difference in scores of computed tomography severity index ( CTSI) between young group and middle- and elderly-age one (t = ±0. 750, P > 0. 05 ) . Recurrence rate of AP was lower in young group than that in middle- and elderly-age one ( x2 =4. 251, P = 0. 039). Cholecystitis was more complicated in young group, pregnancy was more complicated in young group (x2 =4. 151 , P =0. 042) , and elevated blood glucose was more complicated in middle- and elderly-age one (x2 = 13. 285 , P = 0. 000 ) . Conclusions Etiology of AP varies in young patients with more dietary factors, occurrence of systemic complications and risks for death are lower in young group than those in middle- and elderly-age one, and there was no statistically significant difference in local complications and severity of illness between the two groups.

Objective To explore the significance of multiple microelectrode guided technique in determining the sensory?motor area of the sub?thalamic nucleus(STN)in deep brain stimulation(DBS)surgeries. Methods A total of 22 electrophysiological recording data of STNs recorded by multiple microelectrode was retrospectively analyzed ,while another 20 electrophysiological recording data of STNs recorded by a single micro?electrode was recruited as the control group. Results A total of 64 microelectrodes were used in 22 STNs guided by multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes. Sensory or motor activated potentials were recorded in 21 sides(95.5%),while regular discharge was recorded in one side. The average length of typical STN activity on the optimal channel of multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes was 5.58±0.53 mm,and the average length of sensory or motor activated potentials was 3.27±1.54 mm. In contrast,the average length of typical STN activity recorded by single microelectrode was 5.02±1.01 mm. However,sensory or motor activated potentials were recorded in 13 sides(65.0%)with the average length of 1.36±0.98 mm. Among the 22 STNs guided by multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes,the final implanted target was consistent with the initially selected anatomic target in 13 sides(coincidence rate,59.1%). In 9 sides,the electrophysiological target was inconsistent with the initially selected anatomic target. Conclusion STN DBS performed with multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes resulted in better outcomes of recording of the average length of typical STN activity or the average length of sensory or motor activated potentials of STN ,final confirmation of STN sensory motor area and determination of the optimal channel of implantation. Application of multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes provides a premise for the precise electrode placement in STN DBS surgeries.

Objective:To investigate the relation of antiradiation effect of LJP and lymphocyte apoptosis. Methods:36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=6): control, model,and LJP given i.g.at 4 doses(100,200,300,400 mg/ kg bw) for 10d before whole-body irradiation with 9.0 Gy Co?-ray. 18h later,the effects of LJP on the indices of immune function of the irradiated rats 60 were measured. TUNEL and flow cytometry were used to study the effects of LJP on splenic lymphocyte apoptosis and immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 and the Bax protein. Results:LJP significantly modulated immune function in irradiated rats. The apoptosis ratio of splenic lymphocyte of the model group was higher than those of other groups. LJP could markedly inhibit the effects of irradiation on apoptosis and increase the ratio of bcl-2/bax protein in dose-effect manner. Conclusion:LJP could inhibit splenic lymphocyte apoptosis induced by irradiation, and its mechanism is associated with regulating the expression of bcl-2 and bax protein of splenic lymphocyte. Key word:laminaria japonica polysaccharides; irradiation; lymphocyte; apoptosis apoptosis-related genes

Multimedia teaching and SimMan,which is a portable and advanced patient simulator for team training,were used to develop a new course for the medical students of grade four. This course was named "SimMan clinical techniques training". The course of Sim-Man clinical techniques training can help students comprehend truly all kinds of cases in clinical practices,improve their capabilities of clinical thoughts and clinical techniques,and it makes fine basis for their clinical practices in the hospitals.