Studying of atherosclerosis is more than a hundred year.There are many theories about this disease,but now most of us seems to agree with the stress-reponse theory.Heat shock proteins are the products produced at the first stage of atherosclerosis.And someone think that it may have something to do with atherosclerosis.This paper discussed the heat shock proteins and atherosclerosis respectively,and emphasized the relationship between them.

Anesthesia, General ; adverse effects ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Male ; Malignant Hyperthermia ; diagnosis ; etiology

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of radiofrequency endovenous obliteration (RFO) on superficial varicosities in lower extremity in the elderly. Methods The clinical data of 35 elderly patients (43 limbs) with primary great saphenous varicose vein, who were treated with RFO (20 limbs) or RFO in combination with high ligation procedures (23 limbs), were analyzed retrospectively. The therapeutic effects were evaluated at 1-3 years after RFO by the improvement of clinical symptom and signs, as well as results of color Doppler ultrasonography. Results Compared with single RFO group, the obstruction rate of great saphenous vein was higher [21(91.3%) vs. 14(70.0%), χ2 =5.467, P < 0. 05], and the recanalization rate was lower [2(8.7%) vs. 8(30.0%),χ2=4.251, P<0.05] in RFO combined with high ligation group. The recurrence rate of local varicose veins was lower[0 vs. 4(20. 0%),χ2 =7. 030, P<0. 013 in RFO plos high ligation group than in single RFO group. Conclusions RFO is an effective treatment with less trauma, more safety and less scars. Combined with high ligation procedure, the effectiveness may be better.

OBJECTIVE To study fungal isolation and its drug resistance from abacterial body fluid.METHODS The abacterial body fluid for patients in our hospital was cultured by BacT Alert 120 and routine method.The strains which had been isolated were identified by development culture method and VITEK-YBC card or API-20C AUS reagent stripes.Furthermore,drug sensitive test was done by ATB FUNGUS2 drug sensitive reagent kit.RESULTS From the 898 samples with positive cultures of abacterial body fluid.8 species and 79 strains were isolated.Among the 79 fungal strains(8.8%),Candida albicans was 40 strains(50.6%),C.tropicalis was 12 strains(15.2%),C.glabrata was 11 strains(13.9%),C.parapsilosis was 9 strains(11.3%),C.guilliermondii was 4 strains(5.1%),C.krusei was 1 strain(1.3%),Cryptococcus were 1 strain(1.3%),and Mucor were 1 strain(1.3%).From them,13 strains(16.5%) were isolated in ICU,10 strains(12.7%) were in neurosurgical department,9 strains(11.4%) in oncological department,8 strains(10.1%) in urological surgery department,7 strains(8.9%) in thoracic surgery department,7 strains(8.9%) in pneumology department,6 strains(7.6%) in hematology department,5 strains(6.3%) in gerontology department,4 strains(5.1%) in orthopedic department,4 strains(5.1%) in endocrinology department,2 strains(2.5%) in nephrology department,and 4 strains(5.1%) in other units.The antifungal activity of amphotericin B,nystatin and flucytosine for fungus was quite perfect with sensitive ratio of 90%.But the drug resistance ratio to miconazole,ketoconazole and econazole was upward on 20-30%.CONCLUSIONS It′s important and necessary to monitor the circumstance of fungal infection and resistance of the pathogenic fungi due to its increased morbidity.

Objective To discuss the effect of formative evaluation for flipped classroom of college English teaching. Method We chose 180 clinical medicine undergraduates from a college and divided them equally into experimental class and control class. In the experimental class, the formative evaluation was implemented for the flipped classroom of college English teaching from September 2014 to June 2015. At the same time, the teaching in the control class was carried out according to the basic process of flipped classroom, with no formative evaluation. At the end of the experiment, the students' satisfaction survey, autonomous learning ability and English proficiency test of the two classes were finished. SAS 9.1 software was used for statistical analysis, and t test was used to compare two class measurement information and count data with chi-square test. Result ①Experimental class' satisfaction of formative assessment teaching design for flipped classroom was 94.45%, which was obviously higher than that of the control class (66.66%). The difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.94, P=0.005). (χ2=7.94,P=0.005).②The score at first, fifth dimension and the overall score of independent learning in experimental classes were respectively (55.31± 4.99)、 (53.61±4.93)、 (247.16±22.10), and they were significantly higher than those in the control class (47.18±4.23)、(45.72±4.01)、(225.92±20.78) (t=8.889, P=0.001;t=7.299, P=0.001;t=6.642,P=0.001), and other dimensions' score was also significantly higher than that in comparative classes (P<0.05). ③The pass-ing rate of CET-4, and the number of students from 505 to 544 and more than 545 fraction in the experi-mental class were respectively 79 (87.78%)、19 (21.11%)、10 (11.11%), and they were significantly higher than those in the control class 61(67.78%)、10(11.11%)、0(0). Conclusion Formative assessment can obvi-ously improve the teaching effect of flipped classroom of college English.

Objective To analyze the evaluation value of ABCD2 combined with carotid ultrasound on the prediction of cerebral infarction after transient ischemic attack. Methods The clinical data of 133 patients with TIA admitted from July 2014 to December 2015 were analyzed. We score patients according to the standard of ABCD2 score and carotid ultrasound. The incidence of cerebral infarction within 7 days was observed. Results In the 133 TIA patients 35(26.3%) progressed to cerebral infarction. The 7-day incidence of cerebral infarction was 7.1% in patients with an ABCD2 score of low risk (0-3), 25% with a score of moderate risk(4-5), and 40% with a score of high risk(6-7). The difference of the incidence of cerebral infarction was significant between the low and moderate risk stratification (P < 0.05). The 7-day incidence of cerebral infarction was 39.5% in patients with carotid plaque and 75.0% in patients with carotid stenosis , both higher than the control group (P < 0.05). In the ABCD2 score ≥4 group, the incidence of cerebral infarction in the patients with abnormal carotid ultrasound was 38.4% ,significantly higher than the patients with normal carotid ultrasound (P < 0.05). Conclusions The ABCD2 score is effective to predict short-term risk of cerebral infarction in the patients with TIA. Combination with carotid ultrasound can improve the predictive accuracy of 7- day risk of cerebral infarction after TIA.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of 5-FU on human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells with TGF-β1-induced mesenchymal transition and potential mechanism.Methods The primary epithelial cells from human intrahepatic bile ducts were cultured,the cells were identified by immunofluorescence microscopy.The cells were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group,TGF-β1 group and TGF-β1+5-FU group.The expression of CK-19,E-cadherin,vimentin and α-SMA protein were measured by immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot assay.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of TGF-β1.Real-time PCR to detect mRNA expression of TGF-β1,Ⅰand collagen type Ⅲ.Results The primary epithelial cells of intrahepatic bile ducts were successfully cultured.In TGF-β1 group,the protein expression of vimentin,α-SMA and the mRNA expression levels ofⅠand collagen type Ⅲ were significantly higher than that of normal control group(P<0.05),the protein expression of CK-19 and E-cadherin protein were lower than that of normal control group(P<0.05),TGF-β1protein and mRNA expressions were significantly higher compared with that of normal control group(P<0.05).In TGF-β1+5-FU group,the protein expression levels of CK-19 and E-cadherin protein were higher than that in normal control group(P<0.05),the protein expression level of vimentin,α-SMA and the mRNA expression level of collagen type Ⅲ were significantly lower than that of TGF-β1 group(P<0.05),while there was no significantly difference in collagen typeⅠmRNA between the two groups(P>0.05),TGF-β1 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly lower as compared with that of normal TGF-β1 group(P<0.05).Conclusions 5-FU could inhibit TGF-β1-induced biliary epithelial-mesenchymal transition with down-regulated expression of TGF-β1.

Objective To review the clinical features and diagnosis of syphilitic aortic aneurysm .Methods A case of syphilitic aortic aneurysm was reported and the relevant literatures were reviewed .Results The patient showed progressive hoarse and heart murmurs and was diagnosed by computed tomographic angiography of aorta and syphilis serology test .In the era of antibiotics ,syphilitic aortic aneurysm is a very rare and dangerous case with covert onset ,various manifestations and high mortality .Conclusions The prevalence of late cardiovascular syphilis is increasing with the increase of early-onset syphilis and HIV epidemic .Syphilis serologic test should be available for the young patients with aortic aneurysm even though the risk factors of coronary heart disease are not present .Medical and surgical treatments for syphilis should be provided for the patients who are clinically suspected of syphilitic aortic aneurysm .

Dental stem cells(DSCs)possess the characteristics of stem cells and can be effectively obtained from iatro-waste products (such as impacted wisdom tooth and the extracted teeth for orthodontic reason).It has been proved that DSCs are the important sources of stem cells for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research.Research of these stem cells will create broader space for tissue engi-neering and regenerative medicine and will have important values in translational research.This review gives an overview of the research pro-gress of dental stem cells,and presents some new findings of several common dental stem cells as well as the application in tissue regenera-tion.

Objective To investigate the effect of hyperoxia on the expressions of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase -3(Caspase -3)and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods Primary BMSCs from SD rats were cultured in vitro,BMSCs grew to 70% -80% degrees of fu-sion and then were randomly divided into room air group and hyperoxia exposure group.Each group was divided into 5 sub -groups,and cultured for 0,3,6,1 2,and 24 h respectively.Morphology investigation with inverted phase contrast microscope was adopted.The expressions of Caspase -3 and PCNA protein levels were detected by Western blot. Results (1 )As time wenty by,compared with room air group,the gap between cells increased,some of the cells be-came circular,and cell detachment and floating appeared in the hyperoxia -exposure group (>1 2 h)compared with room air group.(2)As time went on,compared with the room air group,the expression levels of Caspase -3 protein in the hyperoxia -exposure group were increased,and the difference was significant after 6 hours of culture (0.27 ± 0.04 vs 0.1 4 ±0.02,t =5.03,P =0.007).(3)Compared with room air group,the PCNA levels of the hyperoxiaexpo-sure group(6 h)decreased,and the difference in PCNA protein expression levels was significant after 6 hours of culture (0.27 ±0.04 vs 0.38 ±0.04,t =3.37,P =0.028).Conclusions Hyperoxia exposure increases Caspase -3 expres-sion levels and decreases PCNA expression,which may affect the proliferation and apoptosis of BMSCs.