OBJECTIVE:To prepare the minoxidil gel and to establish a quality control method for the gel.METHODS:Carbopol934was used as the gel base;the content of minoxidil was determined with UV-spectrogram and the stability test was performed.RESULTS:There was a good linearity of calibration curve of minoxidil in range of2～10?g/ml(r=0.9999).The average recovery was99.8%,and RSD was0.67%(n=4).The gel was stable.CONCLUSION:The gel is reasonable in for?mulation,simple and accurate in quality control,as well as satisfactory in stability.

Objective: To study the nature and flavour of LIU Wan-su’ drug application and the tendency of cold or warm in his prescription; analyze LIU Wan-su’s medical sect by the index of prescription metrology. Methods: Combining the traditional documents with prescription metrology, selecting three doctors before or after LIU Wan-su in Jin and Yuan Dynasty as comparison to expose the characteristic of prescription metrology in his prescription. Results: Wen tonic frequency of each prescription on average, LI Dong-yuan(1.10),ZHU Dan-xi(0.97), LIU Wan-su (0.77), ZHANG Zi-he(0.65); Han tonic frequency of each prescription, LI Dong-yuan (1.34),ZHANG Zi-he (1.00), LIU Wan-su (0.94), ZHU Dan-xi(0.80);Cool and warm drug ratio of four sects in Jin and Yuan Dyanstay, ZHU Dan-xi (0.97),LI Dong-yuan(0.83), LIU Wan-su (0.82), ZHNAG Zi-he (0.58).Cool and warm prescription ratio, ZHANG Zi-he(1.50), LIU Wan-su (0.87), LI Dong-yuan(0.76), ZHU Dan-xi (0.50).Conclusion: As the exponent of "theory of fi re and hot", it will be better to classify LIU Wan-su as " Hejian sect" since his drug application was not limited within cold and cool. To some extent, it is more important to judge a Chinese traditional doctor by syndrome identifi cation rather than only by his drug frequency.

In the present study, the fusion gene lipL32/1-lipL41/2 from Leptospira interrogans was constructed by using PCR with linking primers, expressed in prokaryotic expression system. And the immuno-reactivity of its expressed product was determined. Meanwhile, SDS-PAGE and BioRad agarose image analyzer system was used to examine the expression output of the target recombinant protein rLipL32/1-LipL41/2, and the immune-reactivity of this recombinant protein was identified by Western blot assay. ELISA was used to detect the level of antibodies against the recombinant proteins in sera of patients with leptospirosis. It was demonstrated that the percentages of similarity in nucleotide and the putative amino acid sequences of the fusion gene lipL32/1-lipL41/2 with the corresponding sequences previously reported were 99. 9% and 98. 9%respectively. The expression output of the target recombinant protein was approximately 10% of the total bacterial proteins.Both the rabbit antisera against rLipL32/1 and rLip41/2 could recognize and combine to the recombinant fusion protein rLip32/1-Lip41/2 as well. The positive rates of antibodies in 228 leptospirosis patients with the recombinant proteins rLip32/1,rLip41/2 and rLip32/1-Lip41.2 were 97.4%, 78. 5% and 99. 1% respectively. The results of the present study leads to the conclusion that the fusion gene lipL32/1-lipL41/3 with its prokaryotic expression system is successively constructed and the expressed recombinant protein shows excellent immuno-reactivity, thus suggesting that it may be used as the antigenic candidate for the development of the leptospiral genus-specific engineering vaccine and for the preparation of diagnostic kits.

Objective To study the value of detection of C- reactive protein(CRP), serum glucose concen-tration and APACHE Ⅱ grade for estimating inflammation, pathogenetic condition and prognosis of systemic inflam-matory response syndrome (SIRS) patients.Methods 50 SIRS patients in ICU were selected and were divided into S1 and S2 subgroup according to SIRS diagnosis standard, and 18 patients developed MOBS.30 patients without SIRS, were selected as control group.Detection of CRP, serum glucose concentration and APACHE Ⅱ grade were per-formed.Results CRP(76.19±11.98 mg/L vs.14.04±5.70 mg/L) ,serum glucose concentration(7.10±1.30 mmol/L vs.5.32±1.09 mmol/L) and APACHE Ⅱ grade (20.06±6.39 vs.7.90±3.54) of SIRS group were higher than that of non-SIRs group (P<0.01).CRP, serum glucose concentration and APACHE Ⅱ grade all are higher in group S2 than that of group S1 (91.25±9.89 mg/L vs.62.29±10.38 mg/L,8.32±2.40 mmol/L vs.7.10±1.69 mmol/L,26.72±5.14 vs.18.37±5.70).MOBS incidence and case fatality in S2 subgroup (12/15 and 6/35) were higher than that of S1 subgroup(10/15 and 3/35 ) (P<0.01 ).Conclusion CRP, serum glucose concentration and APACHE Ⅱ grade are increased in SIRS patients and with their increasing, MOBS incidence and case fatality were also increasing.CRP, serum glucose concentration and APACHE Ⅱ grade are significant factors in estimating SIRS patients pathogenetic condition and their prognosis.

0.05). Conclusion: The PGI 2 level in dental pulp tissue is closely related to the degree of pulp pain.

Objective To analyze the histopathology of patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS),and provide evidence for further classification and clinical treatment of ASCUS.Methods The histopathology of cervical biopsy specimens from 249 patients with ASCUS diagnosed by liquid-based cervical cytology examination was analyzed retrospectively. Results Among the 249 ASCUS patients, the proportion of patients with inflammation was 34.14% (85/249), morphological change by human papillomaviral infection was 19.28%(48/249), CIN I was 32.53%(81/249),CIN II was 8.84%(22/249),CIN III was 3.21%(8/249), infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma was 1.20%(3/249),and endometrioid adenocarcinoma was 0.80%(2/249) . Conclusion It is very important to to further definitude the diagnosis of ASCUS, because a certain proportion of cervical cancer and precancerous leisions woud be confirmed.

Objective To investigate the effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) short hair RNA (shRNA) delivered by lentiviral vectors (pGLV) on cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI) in aldosterone overload rats and to explore the mechanism.Methods Aldosterone overload rat myocardial infarction model was obtained by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery.The pGLV-shRNA was constructed,sequenced and injected into rats via tail vein.Rats were divided into 3 groups:pGLV-shRNA group (n=6),pGLV-shRNA-NC group (n=6,contained a nonsense shRNA) and the sham-operation group (n=6).Cardiac function was measured by cardiac ultrasound.Apoptosis was assessed by transferase (TdT)-mediated biotin-16-dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL).The p38 MAPK mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-PCR.The protein expressions of p38 MAPK and caspase-3 were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the sham-operation group,cardiac systolic function was reduced and myocardial apoptosis index was significantly increased [(31.26 ± 4.45) ％ vs.(15.20 ± 2.18) ％,P ＜ 0.01] in pGLV-shRNA-NC group.The mRNA and protien expressions of p38MAPK and caspase 3 protein expression were significantly increased in pGLV-shRNA-NC group (all P＜0.01).Compared with pGLV-shRNA-NC group,cardiac function was improved,myocardial cell apoptosis index was reduced [(22.35±3.59)％ vs.(31.26±4.45)％,P＜0.05],and the mRNA and protien expressions of p38MAPK and caspase 3 protein expression were decreased in pGLV-shRNA group (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Cardiac dysfunction is associated with p38MAPK-mediated myocardial apoptosis in aldosterone overload MI rats.pGLV-shRNA may inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improve postMI cardiac function.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse reaction of the first line therapy with rabbit-antithymocyte globulin (ATG) combined with Cyclosporine (CsA) in children with acquired severe aplastic anemia.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed.The clinical data included 44 children with acquired severe aplastic anemia treated with ATG combined with CsA in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University between June 2006 and December 2013.The SPSS 19.0 statistical package was used for data analysis.Results Sixteen cases were severe aplastic anemia,and 28 cases were very severe aplastic anemia.The median age of treatment with ATG was 8 years old and 10 months.The median follow-up period was 24 months.The hematologic response rate was 66％ (29/44 cases) in 6 months after ATG treatment,and the overall response rate was 77％ (34/44 cases) at the endpoint of follow-up.The median time of partial remission (PR) was 3 months,of complete remission (CR) was 12 months.Eighty-five percent (29/34 cases)effective cases achieved PR during 6 months,while 56％ (15/27 cases)cases achieved CR in 12 months.There was no significant difference between the response rate with ATG treatment and gender,severity of disease,age,interval from clinical onset to ATG treatment,and ratio of CD4 +/CD8 +.The response rate in children without serum sickness was superior to that with serum disease(P =0.006).Thirty-four cases (77％) manifested immediate side-effects with ATG infusion.The side-effects included fever,chill,rash,gastrointestinal distress and irritable cough.The overall 2-year survival rate was 87.3％ (39/44 cases) and the 2-year transplantation-free survival rate was 82.5％ (37/44 cases) (x2 =0.34,P =0.56).Conclusions The response rate with rabbit-ATG combined with CsA in children with acquired severe aplastic anemia was 77％.The adverse reactions were minor.The immunosuppressive therapy should begin as soon as possible in children without chance for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Objective To investigate the short-term effect of pelvic floor muscle training (PFM) with biofeedback on stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in postpartum and post-menopausal women.Methods According to the different period that the SUI occurs,107 women with SUI were divided into two groups:the group of SUI in postpartum with 60 women,and the group of SUI in post-menopausal with 47 women.PFM with biofeedback was performed on all patients for 8 weeks.One hour pad-weighing test,voiding diary,transperineal three-dimensional ultrasound and female pelvic floor muscle assessment were recorded before and after treatment.Results There was statistically significant difference in 1 hour padweighing test between pre-treatment and post-treatment for the group of SUI in postpartum (the negative,mild,moderate,and severe cases of post-treatment:21,24,14,1,of pre-treatment:0,30,28,2; P＜0.05),and the group of SUI in post-menopausal (the negative,mild,moderate,and severe cases of post-treatment:7,22,11,7,of pre-treatment:0,14,25,8; P＜0.05).The strength of the pelvic floor muscles of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱin two groups after treatment were significantly different from those in pre-treatment (P＜0.01).The efficient rate of improvement in symptoms after treatment in the group of SUI in postpartum was 88％ (53/60) and the cure rate was 38％ (23/60).While the efficient rate in the group of SUI in post-menopausal women was 64％(30/47) and the cure rate was 15％ (7/47).There was statistically significant difference in the development of symptoms in two groups after treatment (P=0.003).Conclusion PFM with biofeedback is an effective treatment for SUI in postpartum and post-menopausal women,especially for postpartum ones.

Objective To establish a flow cytometry-based drug susceptibility test for the rapid de-tection of antifungal susceptibility or resistance of Candida isolates.Methods The gate selection and opti-mal experimental conditions of flow cytometry-based drug susceptibility test were determined by using Candi-da albicans strain ATCC90029 as the test strain and propidium iodide ( PI) as the fluorescent dye .The es-tablished flow cytometry-based drug susceptibility test was used to detect the susceptibility or resistance to fluconazole or voriconazole of 110 isolates belonging to Candida species, and the obtained results were com-pared with those by using typical M 27-A3 constant dilution method .Results The killed and viable Candida albicans ATCC90029 strains were clearly divided into two groups on the figure of SS /log (FL3) by regulating voltages.There was a high correlation between the results of susceptibility test and the proportions of killed and viable fungi in mixture (r=0.999).The flow cytometry-based drug susceptibility test could provide the results within 30 min and its optimal concentration of fungal suspension , time of drug-fungus incubation , dyeing method and time were 1.0×106/ml, 3 h incubation and sodium deoxycholate-pretreated plus PI dye-ing for 5 min, respectively .The total coincident rates between the established test and the constant dilution method were 98.2%and 87.3%in the detection of drug susceptibility of 110 fungal isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole .Conclusion The flow cytometry-based drug susceptibility test shows advantages of rapidi-ty, accuracy and high sensitivity compared with the constant dilution method .It has a great potential for clin-ical application .