Objective To observe the effect of monochromatic infrared energy(MIRE)on diabetic periphe- ral neuropathy(DPN).Methods Seventy-four subjects with diabetic peripheral neuropathy who were tested by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments(SWM)were randomized into 2 groups:a conventional management group and a conventional management plus MIRE group.Then the patients'sensory function and other DPN symptoms were evalu- ated by the SWME and the score of Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument.Results After treatments,there was a decrease(P＜0.01)in the number of the sites insensitive to SWME(grade 5.07),and MNSI scores were sig- nificantly decreased(P＜0.01).The MIRE management was more effective than conventional management.Con- clusion Monochromatic infrared energy is perhaps a safe,non-pharmaceutical and non-invasive method for the treat- ment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To analyze causes for postoperative fixation-related complications of femoral in- tertrochanteric fractures treated with dynamic hip screws(DHS)and dynamic condylar screws(DCS).Methods From January 1995 to December 2004,215 cases of intertrochanteric fracture were treated with DHS/DCS.Their postoperative fixation-related complications were analyzed to find out the causes.Results All cases were followed up for 13 to 72 months(mean,32 months).The rate of excellent and good functional recovery of hip was 94.0%. Postoperative internal-fixation-related complications occurred in 31 cases,including hip varus in 14 cases who had posterior intertrochanteric fragments,delayed union of fracture in 12 cases who had fractured calcar and lesser trochanter and massive dissection of soft tissues,and cutting-out of lag screws in five cases,three of whom had to receive prosthetic replacement.Conclusions Unsuitable implant selection is an important factor leading to postoperative fixation-related complications.Unstable fracture,serious osteoporosis and unsatisfactory reduction will increase the incidence of complications.

Bis-(3′,5′) cyclic di-guanylate (c-di-GMP) is an almost ubiquitous intracellular second messenger in bacteria.Now it is known to regulate complex physiological processes, including mobility, adhesion, virulence and biofilm formation.The level of c-di-GMP is regulated by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) containing GGDEF domains and phosphodiesterases (PDEs) containing EAL or HD-GYP domains.Recent studies have demonstrated that HD-GYP domain protein is a novel phosphodiesterase, which is also involved in the regulation of c-di-GMP degradation.This review highlights recent advances in the structure and biochemical functions of HD-GYP domain proteins, which might help to further clarify the mechanism of c-di-GMP signal system.

OBJECTIVE: To study the application of Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm in optimization of micro-extraction technology of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. METHODS: Sub-target model of extraction rate, schizandrin and the total lignan was established based on micro-extraction Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus experimental data resulted from uniform design. Applying MOGA, the optimal extracting conditions were explored, and the results were compared with those of Single-objective genetic algorithm. Using SGALAB beta5008 of the Matlab2009a plug-in tool-box, the genetic algorithm optimization was achieved. SPSS13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The optimal conditions were as follows; microwave power 270 W, ethanol 87%, extraction time 7 min, ethanol amount 1:4.5, grinding degree 70. Under these conditions, the extract rate was 21.40%, Schizandrin recovery was 4.72%, and the total lignan recovery was 10.84%. CONCLUSION: MOGA provides a reasonable pareto ensuring the optimal multi-objective, which provides a reasonable method for extraction of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. This method can be applied in the selection of extraction technology of other drugs. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

AIM: To compare the clinical results of suture method and partial eyelash resection treating for pediatric eyelid trichiasis, and screen an effective method for the treatment of pediatric lower eyelid trichiasis.
METHODS: Fifty-six cases of pediatric patients with lower eyelid trichiasis were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group in accordance with the method of drawing lots, and each group was 28 cases. The control group was treated with suture method, and the observation group was treated with partial eyelash resection. The clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction before and after treatment, and the incidence of complications were compared.
RESULTS:(1) The clinically total effective rate was 74%of the control group, which was 89% of the observation group, and there were statistical differences of the clinical efficacy between the two groups ( P<0. 05 ); ( 2 ) the satisfaction scores were (3. 89±1. 22) points and (6. 27±1-86) points of the the control group before and after treatment, which were ( 4. 00±1. 34 ) points and ( 8-95±2-34) points of the observation group, and there were statistical differences of the two groups before and after treatment (P<0. 05), and the scores of the observation group were higher than that of the control group ( P<0-05);(3) complications such as swelling and stitches off appeared in both groups, and the rate was 21% in the control group, which was 11% in the observation group, and there were statistical differences between the two groups (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: The treatment of children with lower eyelid trichiasis, suture method is simple and can be performed under local anesthesia in collaboration with children, but with a higher relapse rate, some patients required reoperation;partial resection of eyelashes can be more thoroughly solve the problem of pediatric eyelid trichiasis with low recurrence rate, but children need to be under general anesthesia with some of big risk. So partial resection of eyelashes is unsuitable for using in clinical practice widely and can be used in special cases.

Objective To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal pulmonary atresia.Methods The data of echocardiography in 7 fetus with pulmonary atresia confirmed by autopsy were analysed retrospectively,the characteristics of abnormal ultrasound imaging were summarized.Results The dysplastic main pulmonary had been detected only in one fetus by two-dimensional echocardiography,five cases were shown ventricular septal defect with straddle of aortic root on the ventricular septum,two cases with intact ventricular septum had hypoplasis of right heart.Color Doppler flow imaging showed the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus in 5 cases and tricuspid regurgitation in 3 cases.Five cases were diagnosed pulmonary atresia,one case was hypoplasia of right heart,and one case was mistaken for persistent truncus arteriosus.Conclusions Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of tetal pulmonary atresia has great clinical value,the reverse flow of ductus arteriosus is an important clue to diagnosis.

The effect of Sangge Mixture (SM) on cerebral circulation and metabolism in rabbits was observed.The results showed that SM increased the blood flow of brain and cerebral cortex in a dose-dependent manner and had no effect on the blood flow of femoral arteries. Meanwhile, SM markedly increase the oxygen consumption and glucose intake in rabbit brain. It is suggested that SM can improve cerebral circulation, with a certain degree of selectivity.

Acute Kidney Injury ; Humans ; Terminology as Topic

ObjectiveTo analyze the perioperative risk factors of right heart failure (RHF) in human heart transplantation, and to summarize the efficacy of targeted agent especially on pulmonary hypertension.Methods Patients underwent heart transplantation were selected by exclusion criteria : (1) acute heart or other organ failure, or supported by mechanical assist device ; (2) the difference between the body weight of donor and recipient was ＞ 20％ ; (3) the ischemic time of donor was＞ 6 h; (4) acute rejection episode after transplantation; (5) perioperative death.The clinical data of 96 patients were collected, including gender, age, body weight, protopathy, history of heart failure, preoperative systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP), left ventricle end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), preoperative ejection fraction(LVEF), preoperative blood creatinine, donor ischemic time and preoperative application of 5-PDEs.The diagnosis standard of RHF was established.The risk factors were analyzed through Logistic Regression.Patients were divided into two groups according to the systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP).In group A, SPAP was ＜40 mm Hg, and in group B with SPAP≥40 mm Hg.The correlation between two groups was tested byχ2 test.ResultsIn the multivariable analysis, age, history of valve disease, length of heart failure,and preoperative SPAP were the risk factors of RHF with the coefficient of 1.051, 1.351, 1.712 and 6.725, respectively.SPAP seems to be the most important risk factor.Coronary artery disease and preoperative application of 5-PDEs-I were the favorable factors with the coefficient of 0.056 and 0.034, respectively.Parameters regarding age, history of valve disease, length of heart failure between the two groups were significantly different.There were no significant differences in gender, body weight, diagnosed as dilated cardiomyopathy or coronary artery disease and other etiologies, preoperative LVEDD, preoperative EF, preoperative blood creatinine, isehemic time and RHF, though the incidence of RHF in group B was higher than in group A (67.6％ vs 45.8％).There was also no statistic difference in using of ECMO and the mortality rate between two groups.ConclusionPreoperative PAP was the main risk factor of the RHF after heart transplantation.Although there was no statistic difference, the incidence of RHF in patients with SPAP≥40 mm Hg was higher than in patients with SPAP ＜40 mm Hg .The application of targeted agent therapy and ECMO may be helpful in treating RHF after heart transplantation.

Objective To clone the cheA and cheY genes of Helicobacter pylori for construction of their prokaryotic expression systems, and to establish chemotactic model in vitro of H. pylori for determing chemotaxis-inducing substances and to understand the effects of specific antibody and closantel on inhibiting chemotactic behavior of the microbe. Methods The segments of entire cheA and cheY genes were amplified by PGR and then sequenced after T-A cloning. Prokaryotic expression systems of the genes were subsequent-ly constructed. SDS-PAGE plus Bio-Rad Gel Image Analyzer were used to examine the expression of target recombinant proteins rCheA and rCheY, and Ni-NTA affinity chromatography was performed to extract rCheA and rCheY. Rabbits were immunized with rCheA and rCheY to obtain antisera and IgG in each of the anti-sera was extracted by saturated ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-32 ion exchange chromatography. Immunodiffusion assay was performed to measure the titers of antisera and their IgGs. Chemotactic model in vitro of H. pylori based on hard-agar plus method was established to determine the chemotaxis-inducing effects of eleven candidate substances. Simultaneously, the effects of rCheA-lgG and closantel sodium on blocking the bacterial chemotactic behavior were also observed. Results The segments with expected sizes of cheA and cheY genes were obtained by PCR, and their nucleotide and putative amino acid sequences were 100% idenities to the reports. The constructed prokaryotic systems could efficiently express rCheA and rCheY. The two rabbit antisera and IgG aginst rCheA and rCheY had 1 : 4 and 1 : 2 immunodiffusion titers, respectively. Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and acetic acid were able to induce chemotactic movement of H. pylori. Both rCheA-IgG and closantel sodium with certain concentrations could weaken the chemotactic ability of H. pylori(P<0.05). Conclusion The prokaryotic expression systems of H. pylori cheA and cheY genes were successfully generated in this study. Hydrogen ion (H~+) is the inducer for chemotaxis of H. py-lori. rCheA-IgG, as well as closantel sodium can inhibit H~+-induced chemotaxis of H. pylori.