Objective: To observe the effect of purified high rela ti ve molecular mass mucin(MG1) pellicle on the protection of human dental enamel against demineralization.Methods: MGI was extracted from human saliva and purified.MGI pellicle and whole saliva pellicle were formed on dental enamel samples in vitro ,Then The samples were treated by 34 mmol/L citric acid for 1 min.The demineralization of the samples was observed by scanning electronic microscopy(SEM). Results:After treatment by the acid the enamel surfaces covered by MGI pellicles or whol e saliva pellicle showed relatively smooth and normal enamel morphological feat ures, on the contrary the surface without pellicle showed large area of deminer alization and bee nest like appearance. Conclusion: The data indicate that the MG1 in enamel pellicle contribute to its protective effec ts against acidic attack on the enamel surface.

Objective To observe the clinical features and outcomes of vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy (DR) with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods A total of 192 patients (241 eyes) with proliferative DR (PDR) who underwent vitrectomy were enrolled in this study.All the patients were diagnosed as vitreous hemorrhage (VH) because of suddenly decreased vision.There were 93 eyes with tractional retinal detachment (TRD) and six eyes with neovascularization of iris (NVI).The patients were divided into PDR with CRVO group (group A,41 eyes) and PDR group (group B,200 eyes) according to the results of fundus examination.All patients received vitrectomy with silicone oil and C3F8 gas tamponade.There were 138 eyes with silicone oil tamponade which including 30 eyes in group A and 108 eyes in group B.The difference of number in silicone oil-filled eyes in two groups was statistically significant (x2=5.110,P＜0.05).There were 38 eyes with C3F8 gas tamponade which including six eyes in group A and 32 eyes in group B.There was no difference in C3F8 gas-filled eyes numbers in two groups (x2 =0.048,P＞0.05).The follow-up ranged from one to 60 months,with the mean of (28.69± 17.28) months.The corrected vision,retinal reattachment,persisting macular edema (ME),neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and repeated VH after surgery were comparatively analyzed.Results Of 241 eyes,there were 41 eyes (17.0％) with CRVO.Before surgery,the differences of corrected vision (Z=-0.138),intraocular pressure (t=0.966),whether there was TRDor not (x2=0.412),whether underwent panretinal photocoagulation or not (x2 =1.416) were not statistically significant (P＞0.05),but the difference of whether NVI were present or not was statistically significant (x2=31.724,P＜0.05)between two groups.After surgery,the corrected vision improved in both two groups (Z=2.319,4.589;P＜0.05).There was no difference of corrected vision after surgery between two groups (Z=0.782,P＞0.05).Postoperative complications occurred in 94 eyes,including 26 eyes in group A and 68 eyes in group B.The differences of incidence of reoperation (x2 =0.498),retinal reattachment (x2 =0.818),persisting ME (x2 =2.722) between two groups after surgery were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of repeated VH (x2 =5.737) and NVG (x2 =6.604) in group A were higher than those in group B (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions CRVO is commonly found to coexist with DR in T2DM patients with VH.Combined with CRVO patients are more likely to suffer NVI.Vitrectomy can improve the visual function in PDR with CRVO patients.

This study was aimed to observe the antibacterial activity and bactericidal action ofC.albicans in vitro, and the effects of curing monilial vaginitis mouse by extraction of globeflower residue fermentation (EGRF) in vivo.In vitrostudy, test tube method as well as plate method were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) ofC.albicansrespectively.In vivo, mouse were devided into normal controlled group,C. albicans vaginitis model group (Model), Model + EGRF (40, 80, 160 mg?kg-1) group, and fluconazole group (20 mg?kg-1). All drugs were vaginal delivery once a day with continuous administration for seven days. Then vulva inflammation, negative rate of vaginal discharge, microbial load of vaginal lavage and the pathological changes of vaginal mucosa were observed. After the treatment of EGRF, the MIC and MBC of Candida albicans were 0.31 mg?mL-1 and 1.25 mg?mL-1, respectively, while the potency unit ratios between EGRF and fluconazole of MIC and MBC were 2 to 1 and 1 to 1, respectively. In comparison with Model, vulva inflammation of Model + EGRF gourp and fluconazole group was improved, whileC. albicanscount in vaginal secretions of these two groups were decreased, the overcast rate ofC. albicansof vaginal douche was increased, and pathological changes of vaginal mucosa were also improved in the two groups, which were in dose-dependent manners. And high dose Model + EGRF group was close to fluconazole group. In conclusion, EGRF had obvious inhibitory effect onC. albicans in vitro. It also had a better therapeutic effect onC. albicans vaginitis mouse.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of risperidone orally disintegrating tablets joint oxazepam in the treatment of schizophrenia.Methods 63 patients with schizophrenia were selected and divided into two groups according to the order of admission Divided into the control group ( 31 cases ) and observation group ( 32 cases ) , were treated with chlorpromazine +alprazolam and risperidone orally disintegrating tablets+oxazepam.The two groups after treatment PANSS score, quality of life SF-36 health questionnaire score and ADL score before and after treatment, curative effect and adverse reactions were recorded and compared.Results The different PANSS score after treatment and compared, the observation group with different symptoms score and general psychopathology scores are significantly lower than the control group , the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the two groups after treatment ADL score compared with those before treatment were significantly increased, and the score of the observation group after treatment was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the curative effect of observation group was 93.75%, significantly higher than the control group 77.42%, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05), quality of life questionnaire SF-36 score and one months after treatment, observation group scores were significantly higher than those in control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05), there were some adverse reactions in the two groups, the adverse reaction rate of observation group was 9.38%, significantly lower than 45.15%of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05 ) . Conclusion The implementation of schizophrenia risperidone orally disintegrating tablets oxazepam effect significantly , can better improve the clinical symptoms of patients, improve the patient's ability of daily life and quality of life.It can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, and is a safe and effective treatment.

Objective To compare the influence of ziprasidone and paliperidone on PANSS scores,PRL and body weight of female patients with schizophrenia.Methods 140 female patients with schizophrenia were chosen,and they were randomly divided into group A (70 patients) with ziprasidone and group B (70 patients) with paliperidone.The clinical efficacy,PANSS score,PRL levels and body weight before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse effects were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the clinical effects between the two groups (x2 =1.27,P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,the PANSS scores of both two groups were significantly better than those before treatment (t =2.78,3.31,3.06,3.50,2.90,3.38,3.17,3.62,all P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in PANSS score after treatment between the two groups (t =1.08,1.20,0.97,0.88,all P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,the PRL level of group A was significantly higher than that before treatment (t =2.65,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in PRL level of group B between before and after treatment(t =1.24,P ＞ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the body weight between the two groups (t =1.10,0.97,0.88,all P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (x2 =1.03,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Ziprasidone and paliperidone in the treatment of female patients with schizophrenia has the same clinical effects and safety;but compared with paliperidone,ziprasidone in the treatment of female patients with schizo-phrenia can efficiently avoid the impact on the PRL levels of patients and reduce the risk of high serum PRL.

Objective To investigate effect of artesunate on expressions of Toll-like receotor-4 (TLR4) and interleu?kin-8 (IL-8) in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats. Methods Male SD rats of over 200 g in body weight (n=45) were injected with low dosage streptozotocin and fed with high fat and sucrose diets to establish diabetes nephropathy (DN) model. Among all rats of successful model, thirty-two were randomly selected and divided into four groups (n=8 in each group), Mod?el group (Group B), Artesunate at high dose treatment group [30 mg/(kg · d)] (Group C), Artesunate at low dose treatment group [10 mg/(kg·d)] (Group D), Enalapril treatment group [10 mg/(kg·d)] (Group E). Another eight rats without STZ injec?tion whose body weight is under 200 g were assigned as Normal group (Group A). Then, rats in Group A and B were given the same volume of normal saline [10 mg/(kg·d)] while rats in Group C, D and E were given 30 mg/(kg·d) Artesunate, 10 mg/(kg·d) Artesunate and 10 mg/(kg · d) Enalapril respectively intragastrically for consecutive 12 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, body weight, kidney index, 24-hours proteinuria, serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured. Expression level of TLR4 in renal tissue of rats were examined by Western blot;ELISA was used to quantify the concentration of IL-8 in serum and renal tissue of rats. Results Compared with rats in Group A, the levels of Fasting blood glucose, kidney index , 24-hours proteinuria, Cr and BUN as well as the level of TLR4 in kidney, levels of IL-8 in serum and kidney all significant?ly increased in rats in Group B, C, D and E(P<0.05). On the other hand, body weight were decreased in rats of Group B, C, D and E compared to rats in Group A(P<0.05). The level of TLR4 in kidney, levels of IL-8 in serum and kidney, 24-hours proteinuria, Cr and BUN in rats of Group C, D and E were significantly lower than those in rats of Group B(P<0.05). Furthermore, compared with rats in Group D, the levels of TLR4 in kidney, IL-8 in serum and kidney, 24-hours proteinuria, Cr and BUN were decreased in rats in Group C and E(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression lev?el of TLR4 positively correlated with IL-8 level in serum (r=0.969, P<0.05), IL-8 level in kidney (r=0.972, P<0.05), 24-hours proteinuria(r=0.965, P<0.05), Cr(r=0.944, P<0.05)and BUN(r=0.903, P<0.05). IL-8 level in kidney positively correlated with 24-hours proteinuria(r=0.962, P<0.05), Cr(r=0.929, P<0.05)and BUN(r=0.940, P<0.05). Conclu?sion Artesunate decreases expression of TLR4 and IL-8, reduce 24-hours proteinuria, inhibits the inflammation of the DN,relives the pathological lesions of nephron rats with diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To explore the clinical features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in aged patients in China. Methods The 711 patients with HCM in our hospital from Sep 2002 to Sep 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data were compared between patients older and younger than 65 years. Results The 103 patients(14.5%) were older than 65 years. Compared with those patients younger than 65 years, the aged patients had a higher prevalence in female (52. 5 vs 29. 0%, P<0. 01), in comorbidity (64. 1% vs 25.0%, P<0, 01)and in atrial fibrillation (21.4% vs 14.0%, P<0. 05). Cardiac insufficiency was the most common symptom in aged patients with HCM. The age(r=0. 213, P<0. 05), size of left atrium (r=0. 308, P<0. 01) and atrial fibrillation (r= 0. 362, P<0. 01) had significant correlation with heart function. The 24 % of patients had one or more major risks for HCM-related sudden cardiac death (SCD), among which syncope was most common. Conclusions A higher prevalence of comorbidity, a higher incidence of atrial fibrillation and worse heart function existed in aged patients with HCM. The major risks for HCM-related SCD should not be neglected in evaluation for aged patients.

Objective To compare the dosimetric difference of RapidArc and fixed gantry angle dynamic IMRT (dIMRT) for loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Ten previously treated patients with loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were replanned with RapidArc and dIMRT, respectively.The prescription dose was GTV 70 Gy/33 f and PTV 60 Gy/33 f.All plans met the requirement:95% of PTV was covered by 60 Gy.Dose-volume histogram data, isodose distribution, monitor units,and treatment time were compared.Results Dose distribution has no significant difference between the two techniques.RapidArc reduced the dose of the brainstem, mandible, and other normal tissues compared with dIMRT.Mean monitor units were 589.5 and 1381.0 for RapidArc and dIMRT (reduced by 57% relatively).Mean treatment time was 2.33 min and 7.82 min for RapidArc and dIMRT (reduced by 70% relatively).Conclusions Compared with dIMRT, RapidArc achieves equal target coverage and OAR sparing while using fewer monitor units and less time during radiotherapy for patient with loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.