OBJECTIVE To identify and classify the chemical components and components absorbed into blood of Sishen Pills u-sing ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry.METHODS SD rats were divided into blank group and drug administration group.The rats in drug administration group were given water extract of Sishen Pills formula intragastrically,and blank and drug-containing plasma were collected respectively.A Hypersil GOLD VANQUISH column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.9 μm)was used,with 0.1%formic acid water acetonitrile as the mobile phase,gradient elution,volume flow rate of 0.3 mL·min-1,and column temperature of 35℃.Electrospray ion source(ESI)with positive and negative ion scanning mode was used for chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry data acquisition.The chemical components of Sishen Pills were identi-fied by comparing the exact molecular mass,fragment ion information and relative retention time with the map of reference substance,matching with the self-established database and combining with literature reports.On this basis,the components absorbed into blood of Sishen Pills were analyzed by comparing the blank plasma and drug-containing plasma.RESULTS A total of 181 chemical compo-nents were identified from Sishen Pills,mainly including flavonoids,alkaloids,lignans and other components.A total of 49 prototype blood components were identified from the plasma samples,mainly including flavonoids,alkaloids and other components.CONCLU-SION A variety of chemical components in Sishen Pills and drug-containing plasma are comprehensively,accurately and quickly i-dentified,and all of them are assigned to the various medicinal materials in the prescription.This study provides reference for the qual-ity control,basic research on medicinal effect materials and clinical application of Sishen Pills.

Objective To understand the growth and dietary diversity status of children in multi-ethnic areas of Sichuan province,and to explore the associations of dietary diversity with growth and development indicators. Methods Children of 18-36 months old and their primary caregivers were selected with multi-stage cluster random sampling method from rural areas of Han,Tibetan,and Yi ethnic groups in Sichuan province. The sociodemographic information of children and their caregivers was collected using self-designed questionnaire.The dietary diversity score(DDS)was calculated according to the criteria in the Guidelines for Measuring Household and Individual Dietary Diversity released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.The body height(length)and body weight of each child were measured by standard equipment for anthropological measurement,and the height for age Z score(HAZ),weight for age Z score(WAZ),and weight for height Z score(WHZ) were calculated.Multivariate linear regression was performed to analyze the relationship between dietary diversity and growth indicators of children. Results A total of 1092 children were enrolled in this study,and the prevalence of stunting(HAZ<-2),underweight(WAZ<-2),and wasting(WHZ<-2)was 21.1%,4.9%,and 2.5%,respectively.The children had the mean DDS of 4.8±1.7,and 45.3% of children had poor dietary diversity(DDS≤4).The children of Han ethnic group(5.8±1.4)had higher DDS than those of Tibetan ethnic group(4.9±1.6)and Yi ethnic group(3.9±1.6)(P<0.001).The results of multivariate linear regression indicated that DDS was positively correlated with HAZ(β=0.206,95%CI=0.158-0.254,P<0.001)after adjustment of sex,age,birth weight,preterm birth,and parental body height.After further adjustment of family fixed assets,ethnic group,caregiver's type,and caregiver's education background,the correlation between DDS and HAZ remained significant(β=0.077,95%CI=0.026-0.128, P=0.003). Conclusions The children in the multi-ethnic rural areas of Sichuan province showed troublesome growth and development status and low dietary diversity,which were conspicuously different between ethnic groups,especially in the rural areas of Yi ethnic group.The dietary diversity was positively associated with HAZ.It is recommended to carry out nutrition and health education according to the local dietary characteristics and thus improve the growth and development of children in multi-ethnic rural areas in Sichuan.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Nutritional Status ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; Rural Population