The precise measurement in lens thickness in vivo, provides great application value for intraocular accommodation and ametropia development mechanism research.And it has great clinical significance for the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma and cataract.Currently, many ultrasonic methods and optical methods are used in measuring lens thickness.The measurement principles, advantages, disadvantages and the accuracy of the instruments are summarized in this paper.Among these methods, Orbscan II, Pentacam, Lenstar and AS-OCT can be used to measure lens thickness instead of A-scan.More important is the fact that UL-OCT can dynamically monitor the change of the lens thickness with intraocular accommodation.Choosing an instrument with higher measuring accuracy to examine the lens thickness, can provide more accurate and convincing lens thickness data for clinical and scientific research.

Objective To explore the association of SDF1 3A genetic polymorphism with susceptibility of essential hypertension and captopril efficacy in patients with essential hypertension.Methods A total of 214 patients with essential hypertension and 228 healthy controls were genotyped for SDF1 3A polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Among 39 subjects with different SDF1 3A of genotypes, 13 hypertensive patients simultaneously took oral captopril (25 mg/d) and nitrendipine (30 mg/d), and 12 patients orally received nitrendipine alone for 8 consecutive weeks, and 14 healthy controls did not take any agents. The blood pressure of all subjects was measured to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. Results There was a significant difference in the plasma SDF-1 level in individuals with AA+AG genotypes or GG genotypes of SDF1 3A treated with nitrendipine plus captopril compared with healthy control (P<0.05). Carriers with AA genotypes of SDF1 3A had lower total protein and globulin than those with GG genotypes (P<0.05). After captopril treatment, hypertensive patients with AA+AG genotypes had bigger attenuated systolic blood pressure compared with those with GG genotypes (P<0.05). Conclusion Genetic polymorphism of SDF1 3A could influence the therapeutic efficacy of captopril in Chinese hypertensive patients.

Objective:To analyze the job preference of doctors at township health center ( THC) and provide references for formulating effective policy. Methods:238 cases of doctors were sampled from Shandong, Anhui and Shaanxi provinces. Using a discrete choice experiment, we analyzed the data with a conditional logit model. Results:The most important job attribution was salary, followed by education for children, permanent post, work location, training opportunity, and years before promotion. The OR value of the monthly income of 8 000 yuan is 7. 0 compared to 2 000 yuan. Doctors will pay 3 857 yuan and 3 294 yuan respectively for better education for children and perma-nent posts. Monthly income increasing to 8 000 yuan will reduce the quitting rate from 35% to 8%, and providing better education for children and permanent posts will reduce 5%. The permanent posts at township health center and non-permanent posts in county hospital have the same appeal to the doctor. Conclusion:When choosing a job, doc-tors at THCs valued salary the most. Improving the education level for children can be beneficial for attracting and re-taining doctors at THCs. A permanent post is more attractive to doctors than non-permanent posts at THCs.

To investigate the curative effect of minimally invasive sclera buckling on single retinal detachment.METHODS:Totally, 100 cases of patients with retinal detachment ( 106 eyes ) enrolled in our hospital were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 53 eyes in each group. Patients in observation group were treated with minimally invasive sclera buckling, while patients in control group received traditional limbal conjunctival incision. After surgery, patients were all followed up for 6 ~18mo, during which the retinal recurrence situation, degree of vision enhancement and compliance occurrence rate was recorded. RESULTS: The retinal reattachment rate once of observation group (96. 22%) was significantly higher than that of control group (88. 68%), there was statistically significance (P<0. 05). The vision enhancement rate of observation group (84. 90%) was significantly higher than that of control group (71. 70%), there was statistically significance (P<0. 05). The compliance occurrence rate of observation group (11. 32%) was significantly lower than that of control group (32. 08%), there was statistically significance (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: The improved minimally invasive sclera buckling can significantly enhance the curative effect for retinal detachment, decrease the compliance occurrence rate, improve vision function, and is a scientific, practical and rigorous tool for retinal detachment treatment.

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g^-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

To explore the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function in the real world, in order to provide the basis for the clinical medication safety. Patient aged between 18-80 were selected from 18 large hospitals information system (HIS) databases established by clinical research institute for basic traditional Chinese medicine of China academy of Chinese medical sciences. The patients who were treated with Kudiezi injection (24 225 cases) were defined as the exposed group, whereas those who were not treated with Kudiezi injection (14,191 cases) were defined as the non-exposed group. The propensity score method was used to balance the confounding factors. Classic logistic regression, GBM weighted propensity score logistic regression, GBM propensity score weighted logistic regression with covariate and sensitivity analysis were adopted to study the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function. The results showed no significant difference in the possibility in abnormality in serum creatinine (Scr) (P = 0.940, 0.679, 0.834) and urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0, 0.045, 0.164) between both groups. Therefore, the existing data indicated no damage of Kudiezi injection on renal function. Because this study is a retrospective study based on the real world, there may be unknown confounding factors and potential bias. Therefore, further studies shall be conducted to monitor whether Kudiezi injection causes damage on renal function, in order to ensure the clinical medication safety.
Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Injections ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Logistic Models ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND:In recent years,it has been shown in studies that regulation of the expression of Has1 is very important to maintain neural stem cells and regulate its differentiation during the development of embryonic nervous system.Moreover,upregulation of Hes1 expression is required for quiescent adult flbroblasts resuming proliferation.This indicates that there is a close relationship between Hes1 and some potential stem cells in adult.Therefore,the study of Hes1 expression in neural stem cells and its relationship with adult neurogenasis is put on the agenda.However,the expression of Hes1 in adult brain is still not clear.OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of Hea1 in adult mouse brain and the cell types of Has1 positive cells.METHODS:Totally 12 adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly evenly divided into two groups by using the random number table.For the first group,the mouse brain was removed directly and immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Has1 in the adult mouse brain.For the second group,Brdu was injected intraperitoneally to every mouse with a dosage of 200 mg/kg,once a day,for 3 days.The mouse brain was removed at 4 days and then double staining was carded out to observe and analysis the cell types of Hes1 positive cells in hippocampus.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hes1 was expressed in all the observed anatomical site where neural cells exist,Brdu positive cells nearly all expressed Hea1,NeuN positive cells all expressed Has1,whereas GFAP positive cells did not express Hes1 completely.Hes1 was expressed in all neurons and neural stem cells,and glial cells did not express Hes1.

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a member of the Entero-virus genus of the Picornaviridae family and is the major cause of Hand,foot,and mouth disease (HFMD) in children.Different strains from Gansu were cloned and the P1 protein was sequenced and analysed.Results indicate that there are three kinds of EV71 infections prevalent in Gansu.The VP1 protein from one of these strains,55F,was expressed.The recombinant protein was expressed with high level and reacted specifically with the EV71 patient antibody,the recombinant protein was also applied to raise antiserum in rabbits and after the fourth injection a high titer of antiserum was detected by ELISA assay.These data are useful for further clarification of prevalent EV71 strains in the north of China at the molecular level and provide a basis for EV71 diagnosis.

Objective To compare the image quality and radiation dose of prospective electrocardiogram(ECG)-triggered high-pitch spiral scan,prospectively triggered sequential scan and retrospectively triggered spiral scanning mode by dual-source CT in the follow-up of coronary artery bypass graft(CABG).Methods Totally 90 patients with stable heart rate(≤65 beats per minute)after bypass surgery were randomized to undergo prospective high-pitch spiral scan in group A (n=30),prospective sequential scan in group B (n=30),and retrospective spiral scan in group C (n=30).The patency and image quality of the grafts were blindly evalua-ted by two independent readers.Moreover,radiation dose of the three modes were evaluated.Results Scanning time of group A was significantly shorter than that of group B and group C (P<0.05).The average image quality score had no significant difference among three groups(H=0.449,P=0.799).The effective radiation dose of group A,group B and group C were (2.64±1.21)mSv, (6.48±2.58)mSv and(18.95±7.16)mSv,which was significantly lower in group A(H=101.21,P=0.00).Conclusion In pa-tients with a stable HR of 65 beats per minute or less,high-pitch spiral CT scan provides similar image quality at lower radiation dose compared with sequential scan and retrospective spiral scan,which can be widely used as a non-invasive effective tool for the post-operative follow-up of CABG.

Objective:To describe the current situation in the nursing practice and their turnover intention in township health centers, and to analyze the changing potential influence in the nursing practice scope and workloads on their intention to leave those health centers. Methods:By means of a questionnaire, we conducted a survey on 167 nurses and interviewed 44 of them, all from 45 township hospitals within three provinces in China. Results:Since the healthcare system reform, the nursing workload in the township health centers significantly increased. 62% of the re-spondents considered their workload as heavy. Typically, the nursing work accounted for about 60% and the public health service work accounted for only 21% of the working hours. About 30% of the respondents were intended to leave their current job. The participating public health service was associated with intention to leave the job after con-trolling the province, workload, marital status, formal position, educational level and length of nursing service (P<0. 05). Conclusions:Since the healthcare system reform, the nursing practice scope in township health centers has been expanded and the workload increased considerably. But so far, expanding the scope of the nursing work may have potentials in reducing the intention of nurses to leave their current positions.