OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xiaoyao Powder (XP) and its compatible prescriptions on the ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters, thus exploring their effects and mechanism in preventing and treating D-galactose induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, and clarifying the compatibility mechanism for soothing Gan, nourishing blood, and invigorating Pi.

METHODSSixty SPF mice were randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, and the XP group, Shugan Jianpi group (SJ), Shugan Yangxue group (SY), and Jianpi Yangxue group (JY), 10 in each group.The AD mouse model was prepared by peritoneal injecting D-galactose. Meanwhile, mice in the blank control group and the model group were administered with physiological saline (at the daily dose of 24 mL/kg) by gastrogavage. Mice in the XP group (2.485 g/kg), the SY group (1.136 g/kg), the SJ group (1.775 g/kg), and the JY group (2.059 g/kg) were administered with corresponding medicated decoction by gastrogavage, with the gastric volume of 24 mL/kg. On the 41st day the training of capability for learning and memory was started. On the 42nd day capability for learning and memory was tested. The brain tissue was cut. One half was used to determine the contents of homogenate acetyl cholinesterase (AchE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and monoamine oxidase (MAO).Another half was used to carry out morphological observations.

RESULTSThe capability for learning and memory could be improved and the latency time could be lowered in all the treatment groups. Besides, the homogenate AchE and MAO could also be elevated, ChAT could be lowered; the morphology, number, and distribution of neurons could be improved. But the improvement of ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters were most obviously seen in the XP group.

CONCLUSIONSXP could improve the ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters, and showed better effects on prevention and treatment of AD. The rationality of compatibility methods and combination thinking ways of soothing Gan, nourishing blood, and invigorating Pi were clarified.

Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism

Objective To study the effects of transient cerebral ischemic reperfusion(IR) and flunarizine on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) protein in brain tissue of gerbils.Methods A cerebral transient ischemic-reperfusion model in gerbils was established by clamping both common carotid.The gerbils were fed with flunarizine before experiment in flunarizine treatment group.The expression of PAI-1 protein in brain tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry technique at the 1,3 and 7 days after IR.Results There was slight expression of PAI-1 protein in the brain tissue of gerbils in the normal control group and sham operation group.Compared with normal control group,the expression of PAI-1 protein in neurons and gliacytes of ischemic gerbils was evidently increased at the 1,3 and 7 days in the cerebral ischemia group(all P

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism

AIM To develop the quality control methods for Yixuning Tablet (Fructus Lycii,Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata,Radix Codonopsis,etc.) METHODS RP-HPLC was performed for the assay of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-?-D-glycoside.TLC was used to identify Fructus Lycii,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,and Radix Angelicae Sinensis. RESULTS The good linearity was within the range of 20-180 ?g?mL -1 ( r = 0.999 9 ).The average recovery was 99.0 % ( RSD was 2.8 T《B》 % ).TLC methods were special. CONCLUSION The method is convenient,accurate and sensitive.and suitable for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the estrogen-like effects of Epimedium extractive.Methods By using the uterus growth test in mice and test of MCF-7 proliferation and adding estrogen receptor antagonist Icariin,we evaluated the estrogenic effects of Epimedium and Icariin and the possible mechanism.Results Epimedium and Icariin increased significantly the uterus coefficient in mice from 0.097?0.008 to 0.156?0.018 and 0.152?0.016,respectively;the weight increased significantly from(18.9?1.3)g to(19.8?1.3)g and(20.03?1.3)g(P

The plasma levels of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the patients with unstable angina or stable angina were determined and compared. In 30 patients with unstable angina and 22 patients with stable angina, plasma levels of IL-10 and IL-6 were detected by ELISA and plasma lipid parameters by lipid research clinical methods respectively. The results showed plasma levels of IL-10 were significantly lower in unstable angina group than in stable angina group (P = 0.005), while those of IL-6 were significantly increased in unstable angina group as compared with those in stable angina group (P = 0.039). There was a significantly negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-6 in patients with unstable angina (r = -0.41, P = 0.003). In the unstable angina group, IL-6 levels were obviously positively correlated with TC (r = 0.314, P = 0.023), but not with TG and HDL. There were no significant correlations between IL-10 and plasma lipid parameters. It was suggested that the decreased IL-10 and increased IL-6 might be associated with the atheromatous plaque stability and progression of coronary heart diseases. IL-10 may play an important role in preventing coronary vascular lesions.
Angina, Unstable/*blood ; Interleukin-10/*blood ; Interleukin-6/*blood

Background Compare with the lamellar laser refractive surgery,the laser slip on the surface operation is a better method in the correct of refractive error without the flap-related complications.However,whether to remain corneal epithelial flap and its influence for epithelial healing and visual restoration are still under investigation.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of epipolis laser insitu keratomileusis (Epi-LASIK) and flap-free Epi-LASIK for correction of refractive error in high myopia.Methods The paired control design was adopted.Sixty eyes of consecutive 30 patients with high myopia were collected in this study.The written consent form was obtained from each patients prior to operation.Regular EpiLASIK was performed in the right eyes and the flap-free Epi-LASIK was carried out in the left eyes.Patients were followed-up for one month.The postoperative ocular irritation symptoms were scored,and the healing period of corneal epithelium and uncorrected visual acuity were examined at 1,3 and 5 days after operation.The naked visual acuity,diopter,best corrected visual acuity and the grading of haze were recorded and compared between the two groups at one month after operation.Results After surgery,the scores of corneal irritation were 3.13 ±0.43 and 3.30±0.47on the first day,showing insignificant differences between these two groups (t =- 1.54,P＞0.05 ).However,there existed statistically significant difference in the scores of corneal irritation on the third day after operation between the two groups (t =- 17.95,P＜0.01 ).The average time of corneal epithelial healing were (2.58 ±0.49 ) days in the flapfree Epi-LASIK group and ( 3.98 ±0.74) days in Epi-LASIK group with the significant difference between them (t=-11.36,P＜0.01 ).There was no statistical difference in uncorrected visual acuity in the first day (0.59±0.12 vs 0.58±0.11,t=0.39,P＞0.05),the fifth day (0.69±0.08 vs 0.67±0.09,t=0.84,P＞0.05) and 1 month (t =-1.90,P＞0.05 ).No significant difference was seen in the diopter between the two groups in 1 month after surgery (-1.03±0.45 vs -1.07 ±0.38,t =-0.31,P＞0.05 ).The eye numbers of corneal haze for 0 grade were 27 ( 90.00％ ) and over the 0.5 grade were 3 ( 10.00％ ) in flap-free Epi-LASIK group respectively,and those of corneal haze for 0 grade were 26(86.66％ ) and above the 0.5 grade were 4 (13.33％) in Epi-LASIK group respectively,showing a considerably difference between the two groups (x2 =0.0031,P＞0.05).Conclusions Both the flapfree or reserved epithelial Epi-LASIK allow the safe and effective correction of refractive error in high myopia,showing good predictability and stability in short term.Flap-free Epi-LASIK can relieve the corneal irritation symptom and accelerate the healing of corneal epithelium and recovery of visual acuity.

Objective: To determine plasma levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (sTRAIL) and its soluble death receptor (sDR4, sDR5) in essential hypertension (EH) patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure plasma levels of sTRAIL, sDR4 and sDR5 in 50 EH + LVH patients (EH + LVH group), 50 EH patients without LVH (EH group) and 50 healthy subjects (healthy control group), and the results were compared and analyzed among three groups. Results: ① Compared with healthy control group and EH group, there were significant increase in plasma levels of sTRAIL [(0.95±0.11) ng/ml vs. (1.12±0.86) ng/ml vs. (1.74±1.19) ng/ml], sDR4[(2.38±0.32) pg/ml vs. (5.63±1.05) pg/ml vs. (8.72±1.14) pg/ml] and sDR5[(< 6 pg/ml) vs. (39.19±8.23) pg/ml vs. (78.21±11.2) pg/ml] in EH + LVH group, P<0.01 all; and levels of sDR4 and sDR5 in EH group were significantly higher than those of healthy control group (P<0.01 both), but there was no significant difference in sTRAIL level between the two groups (P>0.05); ② Pearson correlation analysis indicated that there were significant positive correlation among levels of sTRAIL, sDR4 and sDR5 in EH + LVH patients (r=0.325~0.410, P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusion: Plasma levels of sTRAIL, sDR4 and sDR5 may be valuable indexes for prediction of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension.

rAdinbitor was cloned from Gloydius blomhoffi brevicaudus in the laboratory. Previous researches had proved that rAdinbitor could inhibit proliferation of C6 glioma cells as well as promote their apoptosis. The molecular mechanism of rAdinbitor’s effects on C6 cells need to be further studied. rAdinbitor was expressed in E. coli BL21/pET23b-adinbitor and purified with Ni Sepharose 6 Fast Flow. The purified protein was confirmed by Western blotting. C6 cells were induced with fibronectin (FN). The effects of rAdinbitor with different concentrations on the expression of FAK, MEK1/2 and Caspase-3 as well as on activity of FAK and ERK1/2 in FN-induced C6 cells were studied by immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. Results showed that rAdinbitor with different concentrations could obviously reduce the expression of FAK and MEK1/2, increase the expression of Caspase-3, as well as decrease ERK1/2 phosphorylation; besides 10 mg/L rAdinbitor, other concentrations’ rAdinbitor could inhibit FAK phosphorylation obviously. All those effects were dose-dependent. Results indicate that the effects of rAdinbitor on decreasing expression and activity of FAK and inhibiting Ras-MAPK signaling pathway play an important role in suppressing the proliferation of C6. Furthermore, the increase in Caspase-3 expression implies that the increase in apoptosis of C6 cells might be due to the suppression of rAdinbitor on the activity of ILK and PI-3K/Akt pathway.