Objective:To study the surgical approach to the orbital floor and infraorbital rim.Method:15 cases of fractures of the orbital floor and infraorbital rim were treated with the transconjunctival approach.Result:All fractures of the orbital floor and infraorbital rim were repositioned and fixed through transconjunctival approach. Except for 1 case with mild canthal malposition, no other complication was observed.Conclusion:The transconjunctival approach can provide adequate exposure of the infraorbital rim and orbital floor without scar formation in the face.

Objective:A study was conducted to observe and compare the efficacy and safety of endostar combined with peme-trexed in elderly patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. Methods:Sixty advanced lung adenocarcinoma (ⅢB-Ⅳ) patients who never received any therapy were included. The patients were divided into two groups. One group comprised endostar treatment com-bined with pemetrexed (26 cases of males, 15 cases of females, and 11 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old), and the other group comprised pemetrexed only (34 cases of males, 20 cases of female, and 14 cases of individuals aged 65 years old to 78 years old). The two groups were treated for 4 to 6 cycles, and evaluation of treatments was performed every two cycles. Results:The endostar group was re-treated for 80 cycles, and the average cycle was 3.1. The group without endostar was re-treated for 115 cycles. The short-term effects are as follows. The total effective rates (RRs) in the experimental and control groups were 23.1%and 14.7%, re-spectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The disease control rate (DCR) was not significantly different (P>0.05). For pleural effusion, RR and DCR were significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). In the experimental group, compared with PD, the microvessel density (MVD) in the DCR showed higher expression, and a statistically signif-icant difference (P=0.03) was observed. In the control group, compared with PD, the MVD in the DCR also showed higher expression, but no significant difference (P=0.73) was observed. The long-term effects were as follows: median progression-free survival (PFS), median survival, and side effects between the two groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Endostar combined with pemetrexed showed increase in total efficiency in elderly patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and malignant pleural effusion was controlled without increasing the toxicity of chemotherapy. MVD can be used as a predictor of Endostar application.

Objective To explore the possible effect of combined treatment of zoledronic acid and doxorubicin on proliferation,invasion and adhesion of SGC7901 cell line,and potential underlying mechanisms. Methods MTT and Transwell experiments were used respectively to investigate the effect of different concentrations of zoledronic acid and doxorubicin on the proliferation,adhesion and invasion of SGC7901. The mRNA levels of MMP2, TIMP2, MMP9, ICAM1 and CD44 were quantified by real time PCR. Results Gastric cell line SGC-7901 were incubated with zoledronic acid for 48 h in different concentration of 10-6,10-5,10-4,10-3 mol/L,their inhibition rates were 4.98％,12.19％,27.34％ and 73.13％ separately,which were higher than control group (P＜0.01),and enhanced along with the dose increasing and the time extension (P＜0.05).Gastric cell line SGC-7901 was incubated with zoledronic acid 10-4 mol /L and doxorubicin 0.5 mg/L,respectively,or in combination for 2 h,4 h,6 h,and thereafter,the detected adhesion rates were 5.03％,24.38％ and 59.65％ in control group,4.40％,19.77％ and 51.22％ in zoledronic acid group,4.28％, 18.62％ and 51.02％ in doxorubicin group,4.02 ％,15.02％ and 46.95％ in combination group. The adhesion rates were reduced after incubation with different medicament concentration (P＜0.05).In the study of cell invasion,the cell numbers per high power field were:105.11 ± 10.43,98.37 ± 15.75,96.19 ± 9.24,83.02 ± 19.72 after treatment with zoledronic acid,doxorubicin or their combination at different concentrations. Compared with control, signal medicament had weak effectiveness in invasiveness in SGC-7901 (P＞ 0.05),whereas in combination group it was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Both zoledronic acid and doxorubicin decreased the mRNA expressions of CD44,MMP2,MMP9,ICAM1 while increased TIMP2 mRNA level (P＜0.05or P＜0.01) versus control.The effect was more evident with combination treatment(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),compared with doxorubicin group. Conclusions Both zoledronic acid and doxorubicin can inhibit the proliferation,adhesion and invasion of SGC7901. Combination treatment has additive effect.It may be related to the down-regulation of mRNA of ICAM1,MMP2,MMP9,CD44 and up-regulation of mRNA of TIMP2.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of different shoulder width on the compressive strength of full-contour zirconia crowns.Methods:A computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing(CAD/CAM) system was used to prepare 24 full-contour zirconia crowns of the mandible first molar.1 mm occlusal thickness crowns with 4 shoulder width of knife-edge(group A),0.3 mm(group B),0.5 mm(group C) and 1.0 mm(group D) (n =6).The Co-Cr alloy PFM crowns made by the die of group C were used as the controls (n =6).All the full-contour zirconia crowns were bonded to the corresponding die using 3 M glass ionomer cement (GIC) and the compressive strength were measured by an universal testing machine.Based on the statistical analysis,crowns with the shoulder width of 0.5 mm were treated by the thermocycling test under cycling of 10000 times(group C1),20 000 times(group C2) and 30000 times (group C3) respectively(n =6).One-way ANOVA method was used for the statistical analysis.Results:The mean compressive strength(N) of group A,B,C,D and E was 3855.00 ± 305.47,2731.70 ± 261.80,3698.30 ± 276.87,3841.70 ± 544.88 and 2992.17 ± 168.41 respectively.The strength of group B and E were lower than that of group A,C and D(P ＜ 0.05),B vs E P ＞0.05.The compressive strength(N) of group C1,C2 and C3 was 3220.00 ± 504.38 (group C1),3148.33 ± 425.60(C2) and 2992.17 ±168.41 (C3) respectively (P＞0.05).Conclusion:For the full-contour zirconia crowns,both the knife-edge shoulder and the shoulder wider than 0.3 mm can meet the thermoclinical needs.The cycling times used in this study have no influences on the compressive strength.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the effects of catastrophic disease insurance (CDI), especially to evaluate the influences of CDI on the discrepancy of benefits between the patients covered by the Employee's Medical Insurance (EMI) and the Resident's Medical Insurance (RMI).Methods: The data used in the study are collected from the health insurance database of Zhuhai City in the years of 2012 and 2014.A descriptive analysis is made to depict the general situation of CDI in the city, and a logistic regression model is used to analyze the factors that affect the probability to get the benefits of CDI.Moreover, a triple difference model is built up to probe into the CDI's effects on the discrepancy of reimbursement ratio between patients covered by EMI and RMI.Results: The benefits of CDI favor the patients with old age, high medical expenditures and chronic diseases.When other factors are controlled, patients covered by EMI have lower probability to get CDI benefits than those covered by RMI.Within the patients with high medical expenditures who have gotten the CDI benefits, those covered by EMI enjoy higher reimbursement ratio than those covered by RMI, but CDI decreases the discrepancy by 3.2%.Conclusions: Since the CDI gives more favor to the vulnerable population and narrows the gap of the benefits between EMI and RMI, the policy improves the equity of health security.

Designing of natural product-like compounds using natural products as template structures is an important strategy for the discovery of new drugs. Gambogic acid (GA), which is a Garcinia natural product with a unique caged xanthone scaffold, inhibits potent antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. This review summarized the researches on the identification of the antitumor pharmacophore of GA, and the design, structural optimization and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of natural product-like caged xanthones based on it.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Biological Products ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Garcinia ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Xanthones ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of dynamic turbidity method for the detection of bacterial endotoxin content in influenza split vaccine. Methods: According to the bacterial endotoxin detection method described in general rule 1143 in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), the reliability test for standard curves of influenza split vaccine, the interference initial screening test, the interference verification test and the endotoxin content were performed or determined, and the results were compared with those by the gel method for the same batches of vaccine. Results:The results of reliability test for standard curves were accordance with the reg-ulations. In the interference initial screening test, vaccine was diluted by 160 times, 320 times and 640 times, and the recovery was between 50% and 200%, which showed no interference. The results of the interference verification test further proved that vaccine with 640 times dilution had no interference effect on test. The bacterial endotoxin contents of 10 batches of influenza split vaccine deter-mined by the turbidity method were less than the limit value of 20 EU·ml-1 , and the results were the same as those determined by the gel method. Conclusion:It is feasible to detect the content of bacterial endotoxin in influenza split vaccine by the dynamic turbidity method, which is worthy of promoted application.

Objective To explore hemodynamic parameter changes in pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)treated by transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MMSCs)in the experimental rats.Methods MMSCs cells were collected from bone marrow of Sprague-Dawleye(SD)rat's femoral and tibial bones,cultured and passaged in vitro,then stained by Hoechst 33342 fluorescence dye stuff.Ninety healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=30):normal control group(group N),MMSCs transplanted group(group M),PAH model group(group H).The rats in the two latter groups were given a single subcutaneous crotaline(50 mg/kg)to establish the model of PAH.The rats of group N were injected respectively a single subcutaneous 9 g/L saline water(6 mL/kg).After 21 days,5?109 L-1 MMSCs cultured in 1 mL phosphate-buffered saline were infused into the rats respectively in group M by sublingual vein and 1 mL L-DMEM was given in group H.The indexalso of right ventricle systolic pressure(RVSP),right ventricle hypertrophy index,arterial blood gas analysis and the changes of small pulmonary blood vessel were observed after 28 days.Results The administration of MMSCs 28 days after PAH nearly completely prevented the increase in RVSP with PAH alone [(32.20?2.32)mmHg vs(48.30?1.56)mmHg P

Objective To observe the changes of bone mass in reloaded rats after tail-suspension,and the effect and mechanism of simvastatin on this process.Methods Twenty-four 5-month old rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals in each group: Control (CL) group without tail-suspension,unloaded (UL) group with tail-suspension for 6 weeks,other 12 rats received tail-suspension for 3 weeks,then reloaded for subsequent 3 weeks (UL+RL) or combined with simvastatin treatment (UL+RL+SIM) at a dose of 10 mg/kg/d.All rats were sacrificed 6 weeks later,and the left femur was used for examination of bone mineral density,left tibia was used for bone histomorphometry analysis,the right femur and tibia were harvested for biomechanical test,and expression levels of type I collagen by real-time PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results 1.BMD of the CL group was significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P<0.05),and was markedly lower than those in the UL+RL and UL+RL+SIM groups (P<0.05).2.The bone histomorphometry showed that BV/TV in the CL group was significantly higher than those in the other 3 groups,and the UL+RL and UL+RL+SIM groups showed a significantly higher BV/TV than that of UL group (P<0.05).The Tb.Th was significantly higher in the CL group than in the UL group.The Tb.Sp in the CL group was significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups (P<0.05).The UL+RL and UL+RL+SIM groups showed significantly lower Tb.Sp than that of the UL group (P<0.05).3.Biomechanical test showed that the maximal load and elastic modulus in the CL groups were significantly higher than those of the other three groups (P<0.05).4.Real-time PCR showed that no significant difference in the mRNA expression level of Col I was found between any two groups.5.Western blot showed that the IOD of Col I is significantly lower than that in the CL group.Conslusions Bone loss,destruction of trabecular bone micro-architecture and biomechanical properties and reduction of type 1 collagen are present in tail-suspension treated rats,which are partially restored after reloading,and this recovery process is not enhanced by simvastatin treatment.

Objective To detect the expression of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the sun exposure and non-exposure skin,to observe the elastic protein in the same location,and to explore the relationship between non-enzymatic glycation reactions and,photo-aging skin morphological changes.Methods In the exposure and non-exposure specimens from 30 patients,elastic fibers were stained with Gomori staining,and immunohistochemistry for AGEs was performed.Results AGEs expressed clearly positive in all elastic fibers of degeneration markedly (+ + above) of exposure skin,and appeared line-like in markedly(+ + above)elastic fibers.While in all non-exposure skin,AGEs expressed negative.In the exposure skin with middle or old age,compared with non-exposure skin,AGEs expressed more and elastic fibers were hyperplasia with thickening,curling and irregular distribution.The skin parts of AGEs expressed accorded with where elastic fibers degenerated.Conclusions Ultraviolet radiation can induce denaturation of elastic fibers and non-enzymatic glycation may contribute to the mechanism of skin photo-aging.