Bacterial extracellular metalloproteases ( BEMPs) are a large group of metal ion-contai-ning proteases. All BEMPs identified so far are endopeptidase or endoprotease. BEMPs can be classified into nine metalloprotease families based on the sequences and structures of enzymatic molecules. Double-valence zinc ion ( Zn2+) is necessarily required by catalytic centers of most BEMPs. The main function of BEMPs in non-pathogenic heterotrophic bacteria is to hydrolyze environmental proteins and polypeptides to provide vari-ous amino acids as nutrients. However, BEMPs of pathogenic bacteria, serving as important virulence fac-tors, help the pathogens invade into hosts and spread in hosts. In recent years, the roles and mechanism of BEMPs in bacterial pathogenesis have attracted great attention. Here, we make a brief review about the structures and types as well as the functions and pathogenic roles of BEMPs.

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF- ET) technology is now widely used in the world in infertility patients. Psychological intervention can help the IVF- ET patients and their spouses reduce the negative emotions and improve pregnancy outcomes. This review provides a summary of the negative emotions in IVF- ET couples and the psychological intervention on them, so as to provide reference to establish a systematic and standardized clinical psychological nursing mode.

Aim To study the sensitivity of human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells to paclitaxel after trans-fection of SHIP2 ( The SH2 domain containing inositol 5-phosphatase 2 ) cDNA. Methods Apoptotic cells were determined by the propidium iodide method using flow cytometry. The levels of protein and mRNA ex-pression were measured by Western blot analysis and qRT-PCR, respectively. pCMV6-SHIP2 plasmid and empty vector were transiently transfected into BGC-823 cells, respectively. Stable cell lines were established after infecting BGC-823 cell with GV112-Puromycin and GV112-Puromycin-Bim( Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death) lentivirus particles. pCMV6-SHIP2 plas-mid was transiently transfected into the stable cell lines. Results BGC-823 cells were relatively insensi-tive to paclitaxel compared with SGC-7901 cells. The apoptotic rate was only (25. 6 ± 1. 6)% after the treat-ment with 0 . 3 μmol · L-1 paclitaxel for 48 h in BGC-823 cells. The expression levels of Bim protein and mRNA in BGC-823 cells treated with paclitaxel at dif-ferent time points were not significantly changed. The expression of Bim protein was increased after transfec-tion of pCMV6-SHIP2 plasmid, and the apoptotic rate was up to ( 50. 8 ± 0 . 9 )% in BGC-823 cells treated with paclitaxel for 48h. The expression of Bim protein was significantly inhibited after infecting with GV112-Puromycin-Bim lentivirus particles. The apoptotic rate of infected BGC-823 cells was only ( 27. 6 ± 1. 6 )%after treatment upon paclitaxel for 48h. Conclusion Overexpression of exogenous SHIP2 can increase the expression of Bim, induce apoptosis and enhance sen-sitivity of BGC-823 cells to paclitaxel.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonablative radiofrequency in facial rejuvenation.Methods A total of 198 patients with facial skin relaxing or wrinkles in the 153rd Central Hospital of PLA from July 2010 to March 2015 were treated with nonablative radiofrequency,of which 42 cases were male,156 cases were female,the ages were from 30 to 60 years old,Fitzpatrick skin type was Ⅲ~Ⅳ.The nonablative radiofrequency were performed in all the patients.Output:Monopolar RF 90~110W,Bipolar RF 40~45W,Periorbital RF 40~50W.The total course of treatment had 6 times with a fixed 10-day interval after each therapy.Results In 198 facial skin aging patients,the total effective rate was more than 90%,the half-year effective maintenance rate was more than 70%.Complications included slight oedema and mild erythema that were minor and transitory.Side effects such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation,epidermal burns and scar formation were not observed.Conclusion The nonablative radiofrequency is safe and effect on facial rejuvenation with less complications.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects and safety of Er:YAG fractional laser for facial rejuvenation.Methods Altogether 559 patients aged from 32 to 58 years old with obvious pigmentary lesions and wrinkles in the face were given 2 courses of restoration treatment with the Pixel Er:YAG fractional laser.The patients paid a return visit a month later after the last treatment.With the results of clinical observation and photograph-based comparison,the therapeutic effects were graded by disappearance of pigmentary lesions and elimination of facial wrinkles.Complications such as hyperpigmentation,depigmentation and hyperplastic scar were observed.Results Among the 559 patients, there were 103 cases (18.4%) of slight effect, 378 cases (67.6%) of moderate effect, and 78 cases (14%) of excellent effect,with the total effective rate of 100% and a satisfactory rate of 81.6%.The was no complication such as hyperpigmentation,depigmentation and hyperplastic scar occurred.Effective maintaining rate within 6 months was 67%.Conclusion Er:YAG fractional laser is safe and effective for facial rejuvenation and worthy of promotion.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infant ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nose Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEEctopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is a common type of supraventricular tachycardia in pediatric population, and it can be resistant to antiarrhythmic drugs and lead to tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) if not properly managed. This study assessed the clinical course and response to treatment of EAT in children.

METHODA retrospective review included 144 children at the First Hospital of Tsinghua University diagnosed with EAT from January 2009 to April 2014. The clinical detailed history, 12 lead ECG, 24-h Holter recording, echocardiography, response to therapy and follow-up were analyzed.

RESULTThe onset of EAT occurred at any age with a distribution with positive skewness, 57 children ≤1 years, 22 children > 1 - 3 years, 25 children > 3 - 6 years and 40 children ≥ 6 years of age. The percentages of the three tachycardia types were 36. 1% (n = 52) for incessant EAT, 52. 8% (n = 76) for paroxysmal EAT and 11. 1% (n = 16) for sporadic EAT, respectively. There were 115 patients received drug therapy in our hospital and in 72 cases the EAT was completely controlled. Antiarrhythmic therapy had been discontinued in 35 children with complete control. Normal sinus rhythm was observed by telemetry or Holter within 4 to 90 days and the mean duration of medical therapy was 310 days (range 15 to 608 days) in these children. The combination of sotalol and propafenone showed better effectiveness for control of children with EAT (54%, 41/76), compared with single sotalol (36%, 24/66) and the combination of amiodarone and metoprolol (30%, 7/23) (χ2 = 6. 296, P = 0. 043). Tachycardia type was able to predict the response to antiarrhythmic drugs for children with EAT, sporadic tachycardia had best control rate on pharmacological therapy compared with paroxysmal tachycardia and incessant tachycardia (94% (15/16) vs. 67% (42/63) vs. 42% (15/36), χ2 = 17. 925, P = 0. 000) . Acute success of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in children who showed poor response to antiarrhythmic drugs was achieved in 45 of 49 (92%), ultimate success was achieved in 33 of 49 (67%). The incidence of TIC secondary to EAT was 18. 1% (n =26), and left ventricular ejection-fraction (LVEF) returned to normal in 23 children after successful control of EAT ((61 ± 4) % vs. (43 ± 5) %, t = - 10. 036, P = 0. 000). Side effects including abnormal thyroid function (in 3) and abnormal liver function (in 1) occurred in 4 (17%) of 23 children who received amiodarone and disappeared when amiodarone was discontinued.

CONCLUSIONEAT in children predominantly occurred in young infants and children. Incessant EAT comprised a great percentage. The combination of sotalol and propafenone provided the best results for control of children with EAT. RFA should be considered as a preferred treatment for older children who displayed poor response to medical therapy.

Amiodarone ; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; Cardiomyopathies ; Catheter Ablation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Infant ; Retrospective Studies ; Sotalol ; Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; drug therapy ; Ventricular Function, Left

Objective To explore the survival condition of hemodialysis patients in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Methods Interviewed 15 patients with hemodialysis by applying Modified Grounded Theory Approach put forward by KinoSitaYasuHito,a Japanese scholar,the data of which were from qualitative inductive comparative analysis. Results As for the survival condition of hemodialysis patients in Ningxia,two relative themes were extracted, Helpless dialysis life Desire to return to society, the former contained 2 subtopics of hardship in life and susceptible mood, the latter contained 2 subtopics of cherish life and desire for care. Conclusion We should set up a social supporting system to improve the living condition of hemodialysis patients with the purpose of helping them return to the society.

In order to explore the causes and nursing care of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with ceryical vertebra frac-ture and paraplegia,the clinical data of 79 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among which,31 patients suffered from gas-troesophngeal reflux. The main causes of gastroesephageal reflux were improper body position,gastrointestinal dysfunction,con-sciousness disorders,lnappropriate nasngastric feeding,drng adverse reaction,inappropriate feeding time,lack of knowledge in nurse aids and family members. It is suggested to take proper body position,assess gastrointestinal functions,implement naso-gastric feeding correctly,observe patient carefully to detect gastroesophageal reflux as early as possible,as well as provide health education for the nurse aids and family members to prevent gastroesophageal reflux and complications.

Objective To monitor the distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing wound infection in trauma patients and their susceptibility to antibiotics in an effort to offer evidence for the rational clinical use of antibiotics.Methods Pathogens were identified by expressive type,but a very few was determined by the molecular methods.Micro-dilution or Kirby-Bauer method for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was adopted for drug susceptibility test.Results A total of 121 species of pathogens numbering 1,257 bacterial strains were isolated from 1,066 patients.Strain number of the top 10 species accounted for 70.09％.Gram-positive cocci accounted for 48.93％ and Gram-negative bacilli for 49.72％.Among Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis,methicillin-resistant bacterial strains accounted for 34.76％ and 71.08％ respectively,but none were resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.Enterococcus faecalis contained 6.06％ vancomycin-resistant enterococcal (VRE) and remained ＞ 90％ sensitive to teicoplanin,ampicilin and vancomycin.Enterococcus faecium contained 10.53％ VRE and remained ＞90％ sensitive to teicoplanin and ＞ 80％ sensitive to vancomycin.Baumanii contained 12.77％ multidrug resistant strains and remained ＞ 70％ sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.Baumanii/calcoaceticus complex contained 29.72％ multi-drug resistant strains and remained ＞ 50％ sensitive to imipenem and meropenem.Pseudomonas aeruginosa contained 3.73％ multi-drug resistant strains and remained ＞90％ sensitive to amikacin,meropenem,imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam.No E.coli,klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae resistant to imipenem or meropenem were found.E.coli contained 69.51％ extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing strains and remained ＞ 90％ sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactam and ＞ 80％ sensitive to amikacin.Klebsiella pneumoniae contained 53.13％ ESBLs-producing strains and remained ＞ 80％ sensitive to amikacin.Conclusions Common bacteria are the leading cause of posttraumatic infection.Enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium demonstrate higher susceptibility to teicoplanin; two kinds of acinetobacter demonstrate higher susceptibility to imipenem.