Objective To study the effects of intestinal trefoil factor(ITF) on inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and NO density in neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC). Methods Forty neonatal rats were randomly divided into five groups: Group A, NEC+ ITF 0.5 mg; Group B, NEC+ ITF 0.2 mg; Group C, NEC+ N.S 0.5 ml; Group D, NEC+ N.S 0.2 ml; Group E, normal control. NEC model was established as following method: one-day old Wistar rats were put into 100%carbon dioxide for 5 min and then 100% oxygen for 5 min before returned to their mothers. This was done once daily for 3 days. On the 4th day, all rats were sacrificed and the intestinal tissue located at the boundary of ileum and cecum was obtained for histological examination by HE staining and iNOS, TNF-? and NO level by immunohistopathology. Results iNOS was found negative in group A, B and E, but positive in group C and D. The density of TNF-? were significantly decreased in group A[(30.515?2.731) pg/mg?pro] and B[(32.229? 4.978) pg/mg?pro] than that in group C[(39.957?8.283) pg/mg?pro] and D[(39.960?8.374) pg/mg?pro, P 0.05)]. The density of NO were significantly decreased in group A[(0.37?0.07) ?mol/mg tissue] and B[(0.54?0.08) ?mol/mg tissue] than that in group C[(0.76?0.01) ?mol/mg tissue] and D[(0.82? 0.04) ?mol/mg tissue ( P 0.05)]. The TNF-? and NO expression showed no difference among group A and B, group C and D. The pathological lesions indicate that severe intestinal tissue necrosis in group C and D, and mild in group A and B. Conclusions Intestinal inflammation could be ameliorated after ITF injection hypodermically or intraperitoneally. ITF may provide a brand-new way for the management of NEC in neonatal rats.

In both clinical and animal experiments,it has been confirmed that the inflammation in brain is involved in the development of brain damage after the ischemia.However,the pro-inflammatory mechanism is extremely complicated.Recently,a growing number of reports indicates that many factors play their roles in the inflammation,such as leukocyte,interleukin-1?(IL-1?),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)and mast cells.They are released/presented in the region of cerebral ischemia and include both ischemic and secondary brain injury.

Objective To investigate effect of decorin on proliferation and cell cycle of rabbit tendon cells in vitro so as to explore the role of decorin in tendon wound healing.Methods Tendon cells derived from the tissue of rabbits flexor tendon were harvested and cultured in vitro with decorin of 0.25,1.25,2.5,5 ?g/ml.After culture of 12,24 or 48 h,the cell proliferation rate was measured by MTT colorimetric determination.After 24-hour culture with 0.25?g/ml decorin,the morphology of tendon cells was obtained and the cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometer.Results The proliferation of tendon cells was inhibited after 12-hour culture and significantly increased after 24-hour culture with 0.25,1.25,2.5 ?g/ml decorin.However,5 ?g/ml decorin could increase the proliferation after 12-hour culture,increase after 24-hour culture,with no significant difference between 24 h and 48 h.decorin at 0.25 ?g/ml could significantly increase the cells at S phase and PI after 24-hour culture(P

Using RT-PCR, we can detect measles virus hemagglutinin gene (H gene) of 635bp length directly from measles vaccine strain Shanghai-191, Edmonston strain, nasopharyngeal aspirates and throat swabs of the measles patients. The primers of RT-PCR based on H gene sequence of measles virus did not give the same products from rubella virus and influenza viruses (A1, A3, B). By second PCR amplification, the minimum quantity of measles virus required to give a positive signal was<0.01TCID50. Since the IgM antibody positive rate in early stage of measles patients is always low, the specificity and sensitivity of RT-PCR method may help diagnosing measles cases.

Objective To observe the effects of irbesartan and amlodipine on insulin sensitivity in obese hypertensive patients. Methods 157 moderate hypertensive patients were divided into two greups,which received irbesartan or amlodipine for 16 weeks. The changes of blood pressure,heart rate and weight were observed. Insulin re-sistance was computed using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results There was no difference in antihypertensive efficacy between the two groups(P>0.05). After 16 weeks of treatment ,the insulin resistance index decreased by 8.7±2.4 vs 6.1±2.6 (P<0.01) and body mass index decreased(28.1±3.8) kg/m2 vs (27.2± 3.2 ) kg/m2 (P<0.05 ) and mean heart rate raised by (73.1 ±10.0 ) kg/m2 vs ( 79.1±11.4) kg/m2 ( P < 0.01 ) in irbesartan group while no such changes were found in amlodipine treated group. Conclusions In obese hypertensive patients,irbsartan and amlodipine exert similar antihypertensive effect, but irbesartan may help to improve some obe-sity-related metabolize disorder,so the obese hypertensive patients may benefit more from irbsartan than from amlo-dipine.

Gene Expression Regulation ; immunology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Viral ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; genetics ; immunology

AIM: To elucidate if the cytoprotective effects of IGF-1 and insulin on free fatty acid-treated pancreatic ? cells involve alteration in NF-?B activity.METHODS: Apoptosis was characterized by morphological analysis with invert microscope as well as Hoechst 33342 staining under a fluorescence microscope.Influence of co-incubation with free fatty acid(FFA) and IGF-1 or regular insulin(RI) on NF-?B activity were determined by Western blotting.Impacts of Bay-117082,which is NF-?B inhibitor,on cytoprotective effects of IGF-1 and RI were measured by flow cytometry.RESULTS: Apoptosis measured by flow cytometry was inhibited by IGF-1 and RI and semi-quantitative determination by Western blotting showed co-incubation with FFA and IGF-1 or RI caused more potent activation of NF-?B compared with incubation with FFA solely.Furthermore,flow cytometry showed suppression of NF-?B activity abolished the cytoprotective effects of IGF-1 and RI.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that anti-apoptotic effects of IGF-1 and regular insulin on FFA-treated RIN-m cells are mediated via NF-?B pathway.

Trans-cinnamaldehyde, the main component of volatile oil from cassia twig or Cinnamomum cassia, which is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Trans-cinnamaldehyde is a kind olefine aldehyde of organic compounds and has many pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and neuroprotection etc. The compound has preventive and therapeutic effects on the nervous system, cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes and other diseases. Trans-cinnamaldehyde, as a preventive care of nature medicine, has great clinical and market potential. This paper gives a review about the pharmacological effects and mechanism of trans-cinnamaldehyde researched in the latest five years. We hope to provide some basic information for further research on trans-cinnamaldehyde.
Acrolein ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cinnamomum aromaticum ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for prevention and control of nosocomial infection based on the(investigation) of the distribution characteristics of nosocomial infection bacteria and analysis of their antibiotic-(resistance) in wards of gerontologic disease.METHODS The bacteria from specimens of Department of(Gerontology) were cultured and identified,and then antibiotic susceptibility tests were done.These nosocomial(infection) cases judged by the department of nosocomial infection control according to the diagnostic criterion of nosocomial(infection) were analyzed.RESULTS The incidences of nosocomial infection of Department of(Gerontology) were higher in respiratory system,urinary catheter and gastrointestinal tract.A total of 223 strains of pathogens were from(nosocomial) infection and the most commonly encountered pathogens of them were Candida albicans,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Escherichia coli.The results of antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that pathogens from nosocomial infection in Department of Gerontology were sensitive to such antibiotics as imipenem,meropenem and polymyxin(98 %), their drug-resistance to the other common antibiotics was very severe.CONCLUSIONS(Possible) measures to reduce nosocomial infection are to strengthen hospital management,reinforce disinfection and sterilization,reasonably use antibiotics,cure the underlying diseases, and shorten(hospital) stay.

Objective　To investigate the effect of turning scleral flap of self-body over drainage in trabeculectomy.Methods　The surgery was performed on one eye of a rabbit while　the other eye of the same rabbit was conducted with the routine trabeculectomy as the control group. The filtering bleb, intraocular pressure and pathology were observed. Results　The intraocular pressure in the experimental eye was much lower than that in the control group 3～12 weeks after the operations (P＜0.05).As it was within 2 weeks after the surgeries, but there was no significant filtering difference (P＞0.05).The rate of eyes with functional bleb in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at the postoperative 2～7 weeks .Conclusion　This study suggests the turning of self-body over drainage surgery can help to maintain filtering function for a long time and to prevent complication after filtering surgery.