12E7 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hemangioma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lipoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liposarcoma, Myxoid ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the main point of long backbone fracture caused by blunt force in forensic clinical identification and to provide a reference for the inspection and appraisal practices of such injury. METHODS: Ninety-nine cases of adult long backbone fractures were collected from January 2006 to December 2013 in Gutian County of Fujian Province. According to the terms of fracture location, mode of injury, type, the data were summarized. RESULTS: In the 99 cases, there were 36 cases caused by hitting, kicking, and falling and 63 cases caused by vehicle collision. The majority of the former was ulna, and those of the latter were tibia and fibula. The types of fracture were transverse one, short oblique one, long oblique one, and spiral one. CONCLUSION Different types of long backbone fracture, not only causing stress load of fractures as well as structural differences related to each segment.
Fibula/pathology* ; Forensic Pathology ; Fractures, Bone/pathology* ; Humans ; Tibial Fractures/pathology*

Objective To explore the relationship between detective time for serum cardiac troponin I(cTnI) and their positive rate in diagnosis of viral myocarditis(VM).Methods Twenty-one cases of VM were designed as the test group.The serum cTnI were dynamically detected and compared with the normal control group.Results The serum cTnI were all negative in the normal control group,of 6 cases(28.6%) in the test group were positive when admission,of 7 cases(33.3%),8 cases(38.1%),9 cases(42.9%),13 cases(61.9%) and 4 cases(19%) were positive 6,12,18,24,48,72 h and 10 to 14 days laters respectively.There were statistic significances,compared the accumulative total positive rate of 48 h and 72 h after hospitalization with of emission and of 10 to 14 days after hospitalization,respectively.Conclusion Monitoring serum cTnI dynamically may increase the positive rate of cTnI for the suspected patients.

This essay introduces a method of determining the dimethylacetamide concentration by gas chromatography in the dialyzer. The clinical dialysis process is simulated. The capillary chromingraphic method is used with the peak area and the external standard method, Optimizing testing conditions of gas chromatography. Therefore, This method shows good sensitivity and good repeatability.
Acetamides ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Dialysis ; Dialysis Solutions ; analysis ; Humans

To examine the self-association of CD4 molecules and preliminary studies on its biological function by several indirect methods. A series of CD4 chimeras were generated including truncated CD4 lacking the short cytoplasmic tail, deleted mutantsD1/D2 devoid of D3 and D4 and D3/D4 devoid of D1 and D2 by PCR techniques, as well as another three CD4 chimeric genes by fused human Fas cytoplasmic death domain to the downstream of the above chimeras respectively. All these molecules were subcloned into pEGFP-N1, forming the corresponding expression vectors. After introducing into HEK293 cells, gene-modified cell morphological changes and target protein subcellular localization were observed and analyzed by a confocal microscopy. Moreover, stable 293/CD4 clones were obtained by transfecting the truncated CD4 recombinant plasmid into the HEK293 cell line and selected by G418. The fluorescene intensity and rosette formation of different clones was each analyzed by a confocal microscopy and cell adhesive assays. It's seen that CD4-Fas fusion gene could induce approximately 80% cell apoptosis of transfected HEK293 cells, compared to FKBP12-Fas is about 30% and CD4 gene only is 7%. Furthermore, both D1/D2-Fas and D3/D4 Fas chimeras could trigger nearly all transfected HEK293 cells to death. Cell adhesion assays showed that neither the D1/D2 nor D3/D4 chimeras when expression in HEK293 cells binds to MHC class II + Raji B cells. Interestedly, there were two type stable clones among 293/CD4. Fluorescence intensity analysis displayed that one' mean fluorescence intensity value is about twice of the other while cell-cell binding examination showed that the former is capable of forming rosette with Raji cells but the latter. All these results suggest that CD4 molecules most likely could exist as a dimer or even an oligomer on transfected HEK293 cell surface, which constitute a functional form for stable binding to MHC class II molecules.
Antigen-Presenting Cells ; immunology ; metabolism ; CD4 Antigens ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Dimerization ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II ; genetics ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Protein Binding ; genetics ; Protein Multimerization

This study was to investigate the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Zygophyllumfabago, by phytochemical methods. The compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were characterized by various spectroscopic data (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS) and comparison with the literature. As a result, thirteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 1-hydroxyhinesol(1), hinesol(2), atractylenolactam(3), beta-eudesmol (4), 5alpha-hydroperoxy-beta-eudesmol(5), 12-hydroxy-valenc-1(10)-en-2-one(6), pubinernoid A(7), (6S,7E)-6-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3,9-dione(8), 3-hydroxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxy-beta-ionone (9), (3S,5R, 6S, 7E)-3, 5, 6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(10), (6R,7E,9R)-9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one(11), (S)-3-hydroxy-beta-ionone(12), and blumenol A(13). Compounds 1-7 were sesquiterpenoids and 8-13 were megastigmane type norsesquiterpenoids. All the compounds were obtained from Z. fabago for the first time, and compound 1 was a new natural product.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Terpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Zygophyllum ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Jinlida on changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes in fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- mice.

METHODEight male C57BL/6J mice were selected in the normal group (NF), 40 male ApoE -/- mice were fed for 16 weeks, divided into the model group (HF), the rosiglitazone group ( LGLT), the Jinlida low-dose group (JLDL), the Jinlida medium-dose group (JLDM), the Jinlida high-dose group (JLDH) and then orally given drugs for 8 weeks. The organization free fatty acids, BCA protein concentration determination methods were used to determine the skeletal muscle FFA content. The Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR ( RT-PCR) and Western blot method were adopted to determine mRNA and protein expressions of mice fatty acids transposition enzyme (FAT/CD36), carnitine palm acyltransferase 1 (CPT1), peroxide proliferators-activated receptor α( PPAR α).

RESULTJinlida could decrease fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA) and fasting insulin (FIns) and raise insulin sensitive index (ISI) in mice to varying degrees. It could also up-regulate mRNA and protein expressions of CPT1 and PPARα, and down-regulate mRNA and protein levels of FAT/CD36.

CONCLUSIONJinlida can improve fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- in mice by adjusting the changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes.

Animals ; Apolipoproteins E ; deficiency ; genetics ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; CD36 Antigens ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Dietary Fats ; adverse effects ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipid Metabolism ; drug effects ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Muscle, Skeletal ; drug effects ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo compare the Golgi proteome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with that of the adjacent non-tumor tissues.

METHODSHepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissues were obtained from HCC patients. The protein expression maps in Golgi were obtained by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), and the differentially expressed protein spots were analyzed by PD-Quest software. Peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) of differential protein spots was obtained with MALD-TOT-MS.

RESULTSAccording to 2-DE maps, the average numbers of protein spots were (1153+/-49) and (1086+/-37) in hepatocellular carcinoma and the adjacent non-tumor tissues. Compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissues, 27 proteins were upregulated, and 20 proteins were downregulated in HCC Golgi.

CONCLUSIONSThe Golgi proteome in HCC tissues is different from that in the adjacent non-tumor tissues, and the differential expression proteins are involved in energy metabolism, tumor metastasis, and cell cycle regulation.

Annexin A5 ; analysis ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; methods ; Golgi Apparatus ; metabolism ; Humans ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; metabolism ; Proteome ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

To detect the in vitro probe microdialysis recoveries based on an HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous quantification of nine active ingredients (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methylephedrine, amygdalin, liquiritin, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid) in Mahuang decoction, which provides reference for in vivo pharmacokinetic study. The concentrations of nine active ingredients in dialysate were detected by HPLC-DAD, to investigate the effect of flow rates (incremental method and subtraction method) and intraday stability of the probe recoveries and medium concentrations on the recoveries. Nine active ingredients could be well separated in 52 min. At the perfusion rate of 1.0 μL x min(-1), the relative recoveries of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methylephedrine, amygdalin, liquiritin, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde and glycyrrhizic acid were (50.95 ± 0.82)%, (52.74 ± 1.13)%, (51.29 ± 0.51)%, (32.56 ± 0.84)%, (45.36 ± 0.83)%, (70.94 ± 0.99)%, (69.98 ± 2.30)%, (71.68 ± 0.63)%, and (22.14 ± 0.48)%, respectively. And the probe kept steady in 7 hours. At the same medium concentration, the probe recoveries decreased exponentially with the increase in flow rates. The recoveries of seven ingredients detected by these two methods were similar at certain flow rates, except for amygdalin and cinnamaldehyde. At the same flow rate, the relative recoveries of cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde changed greatly (9.55%-16.2%) and the others six ingredients had less change (3.27%-5.71%) with the changes in medium concentrations. Microdialysis method could be used to detect the in vitro recoveries of nine ingredients in Mahuang decoction. Reverse dialysis method could be used for the in vivo probe recovery calibration of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methylephedrine, liquiritin, cinnamyl alcohol and cinnamic acid at the flow rate of 2.0 μL x min(-1).
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ephedra sinica ; chemistry ; Microdialysis ; methods ; Molecular Structure

OBJECTIVETo optimize the prescription dose of Mahuang decoction in a multi-target manner, in order to provide reference for the quantitative optimization of the prescription dose of the traditional Chinese medicine compound.

METHODThe number of diaphoretic spots in rats, the tracheal antispasmodic rate in guinea pigs and the writhing times by acetic acid in mice were taken as the indexes for evaluating the diaphoretic, antispasmodic and analgesic effects. According to the experimental results of the 16 orthogonal combination prescriptions, a mathematical dose-effect model was built by support vector regression (SVR) and quadratic response surface regression (RSR) respectively. The multi-target optimization was achieved by elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and entropy weight TOPSIS method.

RESULTThe optimal dose of Mahuang decoction after being optimized by SVR modeling contained 17.71 g of Ephedrae Herba, 9.57 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 11.75 g of Armeniacae Semen Amarum and 4.39 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle. The optimized result by RSR modeling contained 13.37 g of Ephedrae Herba, 11.61 g of Cinnamomi Ramulus, 11.98 g of Armeniacae Semen Amarum and 5.67 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparate Cum Melle. SVR was superior to RSR in both of the forecast capacity and optimization results.

CONCLUSIONSVR-NSGA-II-TOPSIS method could be adopted for the multi-target optimization for the dose of Mahuang decoction and other traditional Chinese medicine compounds. It is proved to be the optimal prescription with the best efficacy, and could provide scientific quantitative basis for determining the dose of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions and developing new traditional Chinese medicines.

Animals ; Cinnamomum ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Dosage Calculations ; Drug Prescriptions ; Ephedra ; chemistry ; Ephedra sinica ; chemistry ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Guinea Pigs ; Mice ; Rats