Objective To investigate the clinical value of radiopaque markers method on gastrointestinal motility.Methods Using self-made markers,2 mm?2 mm,20 markers were put into a capsule.42 patients with functicnal dypepsia(FD),50 patients with chronic functional constipation(CFC)and 20 healthy controls were included in the study.Each subjects ingested a capsule together with standard food and plain abdominal films were made after 4 h,48 h and 72 h.Gastric emptying rate at the fourth hour,gastrointestinal emptying rate at 48 h and 72 h and emptying index at 72 h were calculated.Results 66.6%(28/42)FD patients had delayed gastric emptying rate.Gastrointestinal emptying rate at 48 h and 72 h were lower in CFC patients than in controls (?

Objective To design a set of feasible program of data monitor based on the database's security of the "No.1 Military Medical Project" in many years of running successful operation to enhance safety audit of database.Methods The system was consisted with date's collection of active and passive for safety information,preservation of backup data,and analysis of credibility dictionaries and auditing.Results The complete processing program of network security monitor which could form alarm message and advance corresponding disposal plans was came into being and its better reliability.Conclusion By using the way,the question of the "No.1 Military Medical Project" in database monitoring is solved in network environment and ensured safe operation of database,the network security of the "No.1 Military Medical Project" system is promoted.

The article summarized the teaching experience to cultivate the capability of writing the standardized diagnostic imaging reports in the internes of the medical imaging speciality.The need and content of diagnostic imaging reports was standardized.The skill to read image and the capability to write the standardized diagnostic imaging report was cultivated gradually by three phases composed of the accidence phase,and the improve phase and the practice phase.

Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia of the orbicularis oculi muscles, producing excessive eye closure. The etiology and pathogenesis is still unclear now. lt is usually appearing in adult period and predominant in females. The symptoms are typically triggered by stress, fatigue, intense light or individual factors. At advanced stages patients develop functional blindness. At present the main treatments include: botulinum toxin ( BTX ) , surgical procedures, systemic and ocular drugs and traditional Chinese medicine treatment. BTX administration has been an effective treatment. Surgical procedures have good effect but should be limited to the rare patients that do not respond to botulinum toxin treatment. A great variety of drugs have poor results. Chinese medicine has a certain therapeutic effect. Transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve symptoms. The epidemiology, anatomy, physiology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment system were reviewed in this paper.

Humans ; Leiomyoma ; pathology ; Microtomy ; methods ; Microwaves ; Paraffin Embedding ; methods ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To master the epidemic prevalence and the risk factors of brucellosis in animals and human,and to provide a basis for making prevention strategies and measures to brucellosis in Chongqing Municipality.Methods Qijiang and Wansheng district of Chongqing Munipality were selected as investigation points.Feeding status of goats in feedlots was investigated,and blood samples of goats were collected for laboratory testing.Epidemiological survey in employees on feedlots,family members closely exposed with goats,and other focus groups such as stockbreeding and veterinary was conducted,and blood samples was collected for laboratory testing according to the principle of informed consent.Clinical features of infested persons were investigated.Blood samples were screened by plate agglutination test (RBPT) and tube agglutination test (SAT).Results A total of 582 households in the two districts were investigated.The number of positive households was 40 households.The positive rate of the households was 6.87％.A total of 20 105 goat blood samples were tested.Of them,989 blood samples tested positive.The positive rate was 4.92％.A total of 337 blood samples of the risk population from 22 towns of the two districts were tested.Of them,45 samples were positive,and the positive rate was 13.35％.Eleven people were active patients of brucellosis.The epidemic sites were distributed in 16 towns,which accounted for 73.73％.The difference of the positive rates between the two districts was not significant (x2 =0.37,P ＞ 0.05).The positive rate of brucellosis among male and female was 11.57％ (28/242) and 17.89％ (17/95),respectively.The age of brucellosis infection distributed from 2 years old to 83 years old.One preschool child and 3 students were identified positive.The positive rate of brucellosis among feeder was the highest,which accounted for 31.75％ (40/125).The difference of positive rate of brucellosis among different professions was significant (x2 =63.40,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is not a brucellosis case among animals or people reported in Chongqing non epidemic areas of brucellosis,but there are lots of infection.Surveillance and prevention of brucellosis should be strengthened in Chongqing.

Objective To prepare Integrin αvβ3/CCR2 dual targeted microbubble,test physical-chemical properties,enhancement effect and targeting ability in vitro.Methods The dual targeted microbubbles (MBdual-target )with FITC labled iRGD and PE labled CCR2 were prapared,and non-target microbubbles as control (MBcontrol ) were prapered.Physical and chemical properties of two groups of microbubbles were tested,connectivity of peptides/antibodies and microbubbles were detected by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry instrument.Enhancement effect and the stability of two groups of microbubbles was observed and compared in vitro.The affinity of MBdual-target and MBcontrol for bEnd.3 cells was investigated with light and fluorescent microscope.Results ①The particle size of MBdual-target was (0.93±0.23)μm,with no statistically significant difference compared with MBcontrol (P >0.05).②MBcontrol showed no fluorescent,while MBdual-target showed both clear green and red light,under fluorescent microscope.③There was no significant difference of gray scale of enhancement between MBdual-target and MBcontrol in vitro.④ It was showed that MBdual-target adhered to bEnd.3 cells in vitro experiment.Conclusions Integrinαvβ3/CCR2 dual targeted targeted microbubbles was successfully prepared and proved having good enhancement effect and targeting ability in vitro.

The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established and validated within the framework of quality by design (QbD). The system of microcrystalline cellulose-de-ioned water was used in this study. The median granule size and bulk density of granules were identified as critical quality attributes. Plackeet-Burmann experimental design was used to screen these factors as follows: dry mixing time, the impeller and chopper speed of dry mixing, water amount, water addition time, wet massing time, the impeller and chopper speed of wet massing and drying time. And the optimization was implemented with the central composite experimental design based on screened critical process parameters. The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established based on the quadratic polynomial regression model. Since the P-values of both models were less than 0.05 and values of lack of fit were more than 0.1, the relationship between critical quality attributes and critical process parameters could be well described by the two models. The reliability of design space, illustrated by overlay plot, was improved with the addition of 95% confidence interval. For those granules whose process parameters were in the design space, the granule size could be controlled within 250 to 355 μm, and the bulk density could be controlled within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 g x cm(-3). The robustness and flexibility of the high shear wet granulation process have been enhanced via the establishment of the design space based on the QbD concept.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Water

Surface transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation(TENS) was applied to treat the spasiticity resulting from spinal cord injury(SCI) in the acupoints of the subjects with SCI in order to oberve thetranscient and long-term effect of the treatment Fand its mechanism will be discussed in this paper. The results show that: 1 )more significant effect in relieving the spasiticiy was got by stimulating in high frequencyfor 30minutes,while less effect in low frequency(2Hz) ; 2)the effect in high frequency was partially ostracized by naloxone; 3)the effect in high frequency lasted for a long time i 4)compared with lumbar and sacralstimulation,the acupoint stimulation lasted for the longest time. This study also gets a hypothesis that highfrequency TENS in acupoints improves dynorphin in CSF to release and significantly relieve the spasiticityby kappa opioid receptor which decreases the excitment of anterior motor neuron.

Objective To investigate the contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics of thickened wall type of gallbladder carcinoma and to evaluate their diagnostic value. Methods The CEUS images, clinical information and pathological results of 26 patients with thickened wall type of gallbladder carcinoma and 37 patients having benign gallbladder disease with thickened wall were retrospectively analyzed. CEUS characteristics of thickened wall type of gallbladder carcinoma were investigated and their diagnostic value was evaluated. The age, length of gallbladder, width and thickness of gallbladder wall were analyzed by t test. The CEUS characteristics of gallbladder wall (intensity of gallbladder wall, mucosal morphology and submucosal hypo-enhancement area)were analyzed by χ2 test.The diagnostic test used ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy. Results The gallbladder wall thickness and patient age in malignant group were all larger than those in benign group[(1.63±0.68)cm vs(0.96±0.55)cm,(63.7±10.1)years old vs (53.2±11.8) years old], with statistically significant difference (t=3.70, 4.32, all P<0.001). In the malignant group, CEUS showed irregular mucosal, hyper-enhancement and sub-mucosal hypo-enhancement area, with statistically significant difference(χ2=48.7,42.9,23.8,OR=9.25,6.17,2.47,all P < 0.001).The sensitivity of irregular mucosa, hyper-enhancement and sub-mucosal hypo-enhancement area were all 100.0%, and their accuracy were 93.7%, 90.5% and 76.2% respectively. If lesions with both irregular mucosa and hyper-enhancement were diagnosed as thickened wall type of gallbladder carcinoma, the diagnostic accuracy could be further improved to 98.4%. Conclusion CEUS can facilitate the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant gallbladder diseases with thickened wall in a high diagnostic value.