BACKGROUND:Over-expression of serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 may be involved in tourniquet-induced limb ischemia-reperfusion injury to the lung ventilation function. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the tourniquet effect on serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels of the rat limb within the safety time limit. METHODS: Sixty rats were randomly divided into control and experimental groups, 30 rats in each group. Rats in the control group had no ischemic preconditioning and were directly subjected to stop bleeding for 2, 3, 4 hours; rats in the experimental group were subjected to ischemic preconditioning (short-time hemostasis for several times within 1 day before ischemia-reperfusion injury), and then underwent 2-, 3-, 4-hour hemostasis at the 2nd day. At 1, 3, 7, 14 days after the recovery of limb blood flow, blood samples were extracted to detect serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 levels using ELISA method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The levels of interleukin-6 interleukin-8 showed an increasing and decreasing trend in the two groups, which both reached the peak at the 3rd day (P< 0.05). The levels of interleukin-6 in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 1, 3, 7, 14 days (P < 0.05), and only at 7 days, the level of interleukin-6 in the rats undergoing 3-hour hemostasis was significantly lower than that in the control group (P< 0.05). At 7 days, the level of interleukin-8 in the rats undergoing 3-hour hemostasis was lower than that in the control group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), and at 3, 7, 14 days, the level of interleukin-8 in the rats undergoing 4-hour hemostasis was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0.05). At 1 and 3 days, the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in the experimental group had an increasing trend with the bleeding time and ranked as folows: 2-hour hemostasis < 3-hour hemostasis < 4-hour hemostasis, and there was a significant difference; while in the control group, there was also an increasing trend in the levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, but there was no statistical difference. These findings indicate that the tourniquet preconditioning treatment is preferred at 3 days after limb ischemia-reperfusion injury, when the inflammatory response was the most obvious in rats, and this treatment can dramaticaly reduce inflammatory response. Additionaly, the inflammatory become more obvious with the bleeding time.

The nutritive value of different heat processed textured soybean proteins was measured by means of chemical and biologic methods. The experiment was divided into four groups (10 rats, each): (1) High heat treated textured soybean protein group; (2) Low heat treated textured soybean protein group; (3) Casein group; (4) Protein free group. The former three groups contained 10% protein, the latter contained less than 0.56% protein. The preperations were fed to 4 groups of weanling male rats for 4 weeks. The results showed that the body weight increments in the three groups were 146.4,158.1,188.7g; the protein effeciency ratio (PER) 2.17, 2.23, 2.74; the net protein ratio (NPR) 3.52, 3.51, 3.84; the true digestibility 84.5, 83.4, 95.8; the biological value 68.7, 64.6, 68.9 and net protein utilization 58.1, 54.0, and 66.1 respectively.Those results indicated that there was no significant difference between the high and low heat treated textured soybean protein.

Objective:To investigate the effect of persimmon leaf extract (PLE) on HEK293-APPswe transgenic cells (20E2).Methods:To determine whether the 20E2 cells model was successfully established,the level of Aβ1-40 in SH-SY5Y was detected and 20E2 cells(HEK293 cells stably expressing Swedish mutant APP)cultured in vivo by ELISA kit,and the expression of APP protein level was detected by Western blot.Cell viability was assayed by CCK-8 method and then selected the best concentration.Set groups:SH-SY5Y as normal control group (NC group),20E2 as model group (20E2 group),treating with PLE as treating group (20E2+PLE group).Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of each group were detected with DCFH-DA fluorescent probe.The extracellular level of Aβ1-42 were detected by ELISA kit.Cytoplasmic Nrf2,Nuclear Nri2,Whole-cell HO-1 were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with model group,the expressions of ROS,Aβ1-42 were down-regulated and the Nuclear Nrf2 and Whole-cell HO-1 were up-regulated in 20E2+PLE group.Conclusion:PLE can reduce the level of oxidative stress of model group effectively,it possibly reduce the aggregation of Aβ1-42 and prevent oxidizing via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

To simply and rapid authenticate Lonicera japanica. Rapid allele-specific PCR primer was designed base on trnL-trnF 625 G/T Single nucleotide polymorphism and the PCR reaction systems including annealing temperature was optimized; optimized results were performed to authenticate L. japanica and its 9 adulterants. When 100 x SYBR Green I was added in the PCR product of 87 degrees C initial denatured 1 min; 87 degrees C denatured 5 s, 68 degrees C annealing 5 s, 30 cycle; L. japanica visualize strong green fluorescence under 365 nm UV lamp whereas adulterants without. The results indicate rapid allele-specific PCR could authenticate L. japanica and its adulterants rapidly and simply.
Alleles ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Lonicera ; classification ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Quality Control

Objective To investigate potential problems and solutions within the data of national surveillance of Keshan disease(KSD), to improve the quality of surveillance data and the reliability of the results. Methods Four key variables (name, sex, age, and KSD diagnosis) in the national surveillance data of KSD in 2009 were cleaned by SPSS 15.0. Cleaning contents included duplicate records, missing values, outliers and logic errors. Name, sex, age, currently residing in townships and currently residing in villages and other variables were combined into different filters to find duplicate records by the command of Identify Duplicate Cases , then the duplicate records were returned to the data reporting agencies, and finally delete or merge. Data with missing values, outliers, or logical errors were found by commands of Frequencies, Descriptives and Select if, then the duplicate records were returned to the data reporting agencies. Data were revised based on not only the feedback , but also by using the relationship between variables, and by consulting KSD clinical experts. Results Four hundred and sixty-four cases of duplicate records were found and cleaned. The number of missing values was 2 047 (specifically, name 0, sex 3, age 32 and KSD diagnosis 2 012). The number of outliers was 1 988 (specifically, name 6, sex 3, age 10 and KSD diagnosis 1 969). The records of 5 kinds of logic errors of KSD diagnosis were 105 in all. Conclusion There are duplicate records, missing values, outliers and logic errors in the national surveillance data of KSD, cleaning work could improve the quality of surveillance data, ensure the authenticity and rliability of the monitoring data.

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of rehmannia and storesin on minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) in rat model.MethodsMHE rat model was induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intragastric administration. The effects of rehmannia and storesin on spontaneous movement and learning and memory function of model animals were evaluated with open field test and Morris water maze in 3 dose groups. Lactulose was used in the positive group.ResultsThe spontaneous movement and the spatial learning and memory ability of the model rats both improved significantly in the high dose group. Meanwhile, the serum level of alanine transarninase(ALT) and ammonia(Amm) also decreased in the high dose group.ConclusionRehmannia and storesin has therapeutical effect on MHE rat model.

Caroli disease is a rare congenital disorder characterized by nonobstructive dilatation of intrahepatic ducts. In cases with symptomatic intrahepatic manifestations, treatment should correspond to the type with hepatic resection for localized disease and transplantation for diffuse forms. If possible, complete resection of the cysts can cure the symptoms and avoid the risk of malignancy. A 66-year-old woman presented to Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital with recurrent intermittent upper quadrant abdominal pain. Further examinations suggested the diagnosis of Caroli disease limited to the left hepatic lobe. She underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of Caroli disease, and no malignancy was found. There were no immediate complications and no long-term complications after one and one-half years of follow-up. Laparoscopic hepatectomy could be a feasible, safe treatment option for localized Caroli disease.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Caroli Disease* ; Cholecystectomy ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy* ; Humans ; Laparoscopy

OBJECTIVETo observe the correlation between the decline of cognitive function and the level of plasma homocysteine in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).

METHODSThirty six AD patients were selected from hospitals in Tianjin. The enrolled patients were in accord with the diagnosis criteria. Thirty two control subjects were corresponding patients without AD in the period. Blood samples were extracted from each subject to determine the levels of homocysteine (Hcy) and folate. Cognitive status was evaluated by the mini- mental state examination (MMSE) and clinical dementia rating scale (CDR).

RESULTSThe mean value of serum Hcy concentration [(17.51 +/- 5.62) micromol/L] of AD group was higher than that of control group [(12.38 +/- 4.25)micromol/L]. The serum [(5.17 +/- 1.76) microg/L] and diet folate [(206.94 +/- 44.51) microg/d] concentration of AD group were lower than those of control group [(7.92 +/- 2.22) microg/L, (259.74 +/- 41.92) microg/ d]. The incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia in AD group (64%) was higher than that in control group (22%). A significant relation between Hcy concentrations and the CDR was observed. With the increase of Hcy concentrations the CDR raised, and with the increase of Hcy concentrations the MMSE decreased.

CONCLUSIONHyperhomocysteinemia is one of the risk factors inducing the onset of AD. There is a significant negative correlation between Hcy levels and cognitive levels in AD group. Folate deficiency is an important reason to cause elevated Hcy levels in AD.

Alzheimer Disease ; blood ; etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Folic Acid ; blood ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; blood ; complications

OBJECTIVETo compare therapeutic effects of acupuncture combined with He-Ne laser radiation and western medicine on facial paralysis.

METHODSNinety-seven cases were randomly divided into an acupuncture with laser group (n=55) and a medication group (n=42). The acupuncture with laser group were treated by acupuncture at main points, Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6), Sibai (ST 2), Qianzheng, Xiaguan (ST 7), Yingxiang (LI 20), Yangbai (GB 14), Yuyao (EX-HN 4), Yifeng (TE 17), Hegu (LI 4), in combination with He-Ne laser radiation; the medication group were treated with routine western medicine including intravenous dripping of low molecular dextran, compound Danshen and ATP injections, intramuscular injection of VitB1 and VitB12 , and oral administration of oryzanol and prednisone. Seven days constituted one course. After two courses their therapeutic effects were observed.

RESULTSThe cured rate was 81.8% in the acupuncture with laser group and 45.20% in the medication group with a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with He-Ne laser radiation on facial paralysis is better than that of routine medication.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Facial Paralysis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the chemical constituents of Alyxia sinensis.

METHODThe constituents were isolated by column chromatography and identified by advanced physical and spectral analysis.

RESULTEight compounds have been isolated and elucidated as bauereny acetate(18), scopletin(19), liriodendrin(20), pinoresinol-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside(21), daucosterol(22), flaxetin(23), esculin(24), aseculin(25).

CONCLUSIONThese compounds were found from the plant for the first time, and compound 20,21,23-25 were found from Alyxiae genis for the first time, and compound 18 is firstly been isolated from natural source.

Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Esculin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Furans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification