Objective To investigate MRI examination methods and imaging manifestations of primary ureteral carcinoma, and to evaluate its clinical values when comparing with other diagnostic imaging facilities. Methods Eighty-seven cases of primary ureteral carcinoma who were operated within recent 8 years came into the study, among which, 35 cases had MRI examinations. For MRI examination, coronal heavy T2WI (water imaging) was performed to show the dilated ureter, then axial T2WI and T1WI were scanned at the obstruction level. 11 cases underwent additional Gd-DTPA dynamic contrast enhanced scans. The original pre-operative diagnostic reports of various imaging facilities were analyzed comparing with the results of operation and pathology. Results MRI showed ureteral dilatation in 33 of 35 cases, no abnormal appearance in 1 case, and only primary kidney atrophy post renal transplantation in 1 case. Among the 33 cases with ureteral obstruction, soft mass at the obstruction level was detected on axial scans in 32 cases. The lesions showed gradual and homogeneous mild to moderate enhancement on contrast MRI. The overall employment rate of imaging facilities was as follows: ultrasound (94. 3% ) , IVU (59. 8% ) , CT (52. 9% ) , MRI (40. 2% ) , and RUP (35. 6% ). The accurate diagnostic rate was as follows: MRI (91. 4% ) , RUP (80. 6% ) , CT (63. 0% ) , ultrasound (47. 6% ) , and IVU (11. 5% ). Conclusion Combination of MR water imaging and conventional sequences can demonstrate most primary ureteral carcinoma lesions and has a highest diagnostic accuracy among the current diagnostic imaging facilities. It should be taken as the first diagnostic imaging method of choice when primary ureteral carcinoma is suspected after ultrasound screening.

BACKGROUND:The research at home and abroad for appropriate immature myocardial cardioplegia has no breakthrough, and it may be a better mean to improve the protection effect of existing cardioplegia on immature myocardial by adding ingredients. Adenosine can reduce ischemia and neutrophil-mediated reperfusion injury, and salvia miltiorrhiza can reduce the content of ischemic myocardial lipid peroxide and increase the scavenging of myocardial cells to oxygen radical. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protection effect of improved myocardial protection fluid containing adenosine and salvia miltiorrhiza on the heart, liver and kidney. METHODS:Sixty cases of infant open heart operation of the first time were randomly divided into three groups, 20 cases in each group. The adenosine group received the improved myocardial protection fluid added with adenosine, the combination group received the improved myocardial protection fluid added with adenosine and miltiorrhiza salvia, and the control group received the improved myocardial protection fluid in the same volume. The blood samples were taken at the time before anesthesia induction, 30 minutes after cardio pulmonary bypass beginning, 1 hour after cardio pulmonary bypass end and 24 hours after cardio pulmonary bypass end. The serum levels of the creatine kinase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleukin 10 were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The serum levels of the alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and creatine kinase in three groups were increased, but the control group was increased significantly (P<0.01), and there were significant differences between adenosine group and combination group (P<0.05);the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 were significantly increased after operation (P<0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in the control group were significantly higher than those in the adenosine group and combination group before induction and at the same time point (P<0.01);at 3 minutes and 24 hours after cardio pulmonary bypass, the level of interleukin-10 was increased in three groups, but the level of interleukin-10 in the adenosine group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). The results indicate that improved myocardial protection fluid has great protection effect on immature myocardial, and can significantly reduce the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, promote the secretion of interleukin-10 that can inhibit inflammatory cytokine and can significantly reduce the inflammatory response caused by cardiopulmonary bypass. So the improved myocardial protection fluid has protection effect on important organs, such as heart, lung, liver and kidney.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of two different surgical techniques on congenital cataract on children.METHODS: Twenty-two children (1-3 years old) with congenital cataract were randomly divided into two groups (group A and group B). With group A (10 patients, 20 eyes), we applied 23-gauge (23G) trans corneal limbus vitrectomy system to complete lens cortex gettering, posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy；With group B (12 patients, 24 eyes), we used the phacoemulsification I/A to complete lens cortex gettering, and performed anterior vitrectomy with anterior vitreous cutting instrument. After that, the differences in intraoperative and postoperative complications between two groups were compared. RESULTS：In group A, the width of corneal limbal incision was 0.6mm, the incision was self-sealing, and the anterior chamber was stable and iris did not prolapse during the surgery. In group B, the width of corneal limbal incision was 3mm, anterior chamber was unstable and intraoperative iris prolapse occurred in 14 eyes (58%). And the incision need to be stitched up after surgery. In the postoperative follow-up of 6-24 months (an average of 14 months), we found that corneal neovascularization did not occur in group A, while in group B, corneal neovascularization occurred in four eyes (17%); Other complications, such as posterior capsular opacification，retinal detachment, glaucoma, hypotony or endophthalmitis did not occur in either group.CONCLUSION: The 23G trans corneal limbus vitrectomy system used in pediatric cataract surgery is safer and more effective than phacoemulsification I/A. It is promising in treatment of congenital cataract on children.

Objective To clone and fuse the cDNA of human cytokeratin 9 in prokaryotic expression system,and purify and identify the fusion protein.Methods The cDNA fragment of human cytokeratin 9 was amplified from human keratinocyte (HaCaT) total RNA with specific primers.The PCR products were cloned into vector pET-28a,then the fusion protein of his-CK9 was induced by IPTG.The expressed fusion protein of his-CK9 was purified by nickel ion affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.Results The sequencing proved that the recombinant vector of the cDNA of CK9 was correct.The fusion protein of his-CK9 was induced to be expressed in E.coli.The fusion protein of his-CK9 was highly purified and his-CK9 showed specific binding to the commercialized antibodies of CK9.Conclusion The recombinant vector of pET-28a-CK9 has been successfully constructed,and the fusion protein of his-CK9 has been successfully expressed and purified.

Objective To study the expression of mRNA of OX40 and OX40L in the sciatic nerve,spleen,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph nodes of EAN under the influence of Rho-kinase inhibitor.Methods All 54 female Lewis rats were divided into 3 groups:the EAN group,the EAN+ Rho-kinase inhibitor group and the complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)group.The rats were sacrificed at 9,17 and 26 days after immunized.Ox40 and OX40L mRNA were detected by RT-PCR which came from spleens,sciatic nerves,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymphonodes.Results In EAN+ Rho-kinase inhibitor group,the mRNA expression of OX40 were 0.266±0.031,0.298±0.024 and 0.113±0.018 at 9.17 and 26 days in the sciatic nerve,the expression were 0.453±0.030,0.496±0.100 and 0.220±0.016 in the lymph nodes.The mRNA expression of OX40L were 0.247±0.018.0.298±0.026 and 0.165±0.013 in the sciatic nerve,the expression were 0.283±0.027,0.306±0.011 and 0.161±0.012 in the lymph nodes.The mRNA expression of OX40 and OX40L in EAN+Rho-kinase inhibitor group was lower than EAN group at the three time points(t=2.24-4.89,P＜0.05),and the demyelination and inflammation cells infiltrating were ameliorated in spinal nerve.CFA group didn't show any clinical manifestation.Conclusion Rho-kinase inhibitor may ameliorate tlIe development of EAN through inhabiting the OX40 and OX40L activation.

Objective To study the clinical and pathological features in the elderly patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). Methods The features of the clinical manifestation, cerebrospinal fluid, electromyogram(EMG) and the biopsy results of sural nerve were presented and analyzed in 11 elderly patients with CIDP. Results Two cases had history of upper respiratory tract infection before the onset. As the initial symptoms , there were three cases with distal limb numbness, five cases with both distal lower extremities numbness, two cases with both distal upper extremities numbness and one case with difficulties to raise his head. Motor disorder was common to all the patients. There were eight patients with sensory dysfunction, three with limb muscle atrophy, one with muscle tenderness, eight with tendon reflexes weakened or disappeared, five with cranial nerve damaged, three with the autonomic nerve lesion, one with respiratory muscle involved, three with relapse. The score of the peak incidence as Modified Rankin was 3.02 points on average. Five cases had obvious albuminocytolgoic dissociation by the examination of cerebrospinal fluid, ten cases had neurogenic damage and one case had a combined myogenic and neurogenic damage by the EMG. The biopsy showed that six cases were with amyelination,six cases with inflammatory cell infiltrated, two cases with obvious remyelination, two cases with auxiliary fibers degeneration.And the methylprednisolone therapy was effective for eight cases. Conclusions The numbness of the distal limb is the initial symptom of the elderly patients with CIDP,most of whom are with sensory dysfunction ,and some with cranial nerves and autonomic nerve damage. The sural nerve biopsy has an important value for the diagnosis of the elderly with CIDP. The methylprednisolone therapy is proved to be effective for most patients.

Objective To study the effect of Rho-kinase inhibitor on experimental allergic neuritis. Methods 54 female Lewis rats were divided into three groups; EAN group, EAN + Rho-kinase inhibitor group, and CFA group. The rats were sacrificed on the 9th day, 17th day, and 26th day after immunized. The changes of weight, EAN incidence, and mean day of onset, mean maximum clinical score, and histopa-thology were observed. Results The clinical course in EAN group reached peak on the 17th day. Compared with EAN group, the weights of Rho - kinase inhibitor group were increased, while EAN incidence, mean day of onset delay, and the clinical scores in Rho-kinase inhibitor group were significantly decreased, ( P < 0.01) , and the demyelization and inflammation cells infiltrating was ameliorated in spinal nerve. CFA group didnt show any clinical manifestation. Conclusions Rho - kinase inhibitor may ameliorate the development of EAN through inhabiting the Rho/ROK signal pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a modified method of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP)--6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe included 112 cases of BPH in this study, 57 treated by 6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP (experimental group) and the other 55 by conventional HoLEP (control group). We compared the operation time, volume of the resected prostatic tissue, intraoperative blood transfusion, volume of bladder irrigation solution, postoperative hemoglobin change, and incidence of urinary incontinence between the two groups.

RESULTSStatistically significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in the operation time ([56.01 ± 8.62] min vs [68.65 ± 9.08] min), cases of intraoperative blood transfusion (0 vs 2), volume of bladder irrigation solution ([27.51 ± 3.67] L vs [36.89 ± 6.47] L), postoperative hemoglobin decrease ([10.70 ± 2.50] g/L vs [12.60 ± 3.30] g/L), and cases of postoperative stress-induced urinary incontinence (2 vs 7) (all P <0.05). One-month follow-up revealed smooth urination in both groups of patients but no true urinary incontinence or secondary bleeding in either.

CONCLUSIONModified 6-o'clock tunnel HoLEP can significantly reduce the operation time, bladder irrigation, and intraoperative bleeding, and therefore can be used as a safe and effective option for the treatment of BPH.

Case-Control Studies ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Holmium ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Lasers, Solid-State ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Period ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; surgery ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; statistics & numerical data ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; etiology

Angelica sinensis ; chemistry ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; drug therapy ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; drug therapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To study the role of hematopoietic growth factor(HGF)of placenta chorionic villus in fetal hematopoiesis during embryo ontogeny by observation of the appearance time and the content changes with the fetal growth, which was compared with HGF in cord blood. Methods Thirty embryo villus (2 g each) and 30 cord blood (2 mL each) were collected separately from early pregnant stage(6- 8 weeks), middle pregnant stage(16-22 weeks)and late pregnant stage (37-42 weeks). The levels of HGF were detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay. Results HGF were produced on the early pregnant stage and the content of FL-T3,IL-3 increased gradually.There were significantly differences at different stages(P