AIM: To study the clinical characteristics of corneal perforation ( CP) .
METHODS:A retrospective analysis in July 1995 to July 2010 the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University diagnosed CP 72 patients ( 72 eyes ) , clinical characteristics of all the patients were analyzed.
RESULTS: The incidence of corneal ulcer perforation rised year by year, the morbidity of male and female was 17:7, the onset age focused on 48 years old. Of 23 industrial workers ( 32%) with clear history of trauma, pathogeny identification results:top two:fungal infection and Acanthamoeba keratitis. A using history of glucocorticoid was found in 10 cases.
CONCLUSION:There are plenty of primary causes of CP such as traumas, fungal infection, Acanthamoeba keratitis, eroded keratitis, etc. CP happens in middle-aged males in Fujian province, most traumas are the causes, the main pathogenic bacteria is fungal infection.

BACKGROUND: Studies have showed that Chengzai pill is of distinct significance in the treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head through increasing bone mineral density, bone weight, bone strength and rigidity, it also reverses the low levels of estrogen. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Chengzai pill on the genes of cell adhesion molecules on bone cells of steroid-induced ostaonecrotic rats, and to understand the role to resume normal blood transport in femoral head of steroid-induced osteonecrosis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Grouping controlled observation was performed in the Pharmacological Laboratory of Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and laboratory of CapitalBio Corporation between March and August in 2006. MATERIALS: Six male SD rats of 6 months old and weighing (280:1:20) g were used in this study. Chengzai pill was consisted of 22 Chinese medicines, such as Chinese Angelica, Eucommia Bark, Milkvetch Root, Barbary Wolfberry Fruit, Degelatined Deer-hom, Desertliving Cistanche, Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga, Leech, Danshen Root and Himalayan Teasel Root, which were offered by Beijing Boran Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. METHODS: The lipopolysaccharide and methylprednisolone were applied to prepare a rat model of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. Six rats were divided into model group and Chengzai pill group at random with 3 rats in each group. The rats in the Chengzai pill group were administrated with methylprednisolone for the first time and then 1.5 g/kg Chengzai pill solution, once a day, totally for 6 weeks. The total RNA was extracted from femoral head in all rata 6 weeks later and then gene expression profiling was analyzed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gene action pathway of cell adhesion molecules in gene expression profile. RESULTS: Compared with model rats, there were totally 8 downregulated genes of cell adhesion molecules which changed by a minimum of 1.5 folds in cell adhesion molecules pathway of Chengzai pill group, three rats were present with 633 genes (506 down-regulated and 127 up-regulated), 883 genes (640 down-regulated and 243 up-regulated) and 593 genes (408 down-regulated and 185 up-regulated), respectively. MAS software classification analysis showed 79 action pathways were involved in 297 genes.CONCLUSION: Following Chengzai pill administration, those downregulated genes recover the cognitive functions of macrophage and target cell in rats, also renew the normal survival condition of epithelial cells including vascular endothelial cells. Cell adhesion molecules action pathway returns to normal levels. This is the key to resume normal blood transport in femoral head of steroid-induced osteonecrosis.

This paper aims to develop a method for the determination of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion and study the pharmacokinetic properties of four anthraquinones in rat plasma after oral administration of gardenia and rhubarb decoction. The plasma concentrations at different time points of four anthraquinones were determined by HPLC-FLD method. Plasma samples were extracted with liquid-liquid extraction procedure. Plasma samples were separated on a C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 μm), using 0.2% acetic acid and methanol as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) with gradient elution. The excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 430, 525 nm, respectively. DAS 2.0 software was applied to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The results showed four anthraquinones can be absorbed. The main parameters of aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol and physcion were as follows: C(max) for aloe-emodin was (0.085 ± 0.058), (3.772 ± 1.152), (0.464 ± 0.267), (0.028 ± 0.008) mg x L(-1) respectively; t(max) for rhein was (1.042 ± 0.510), (0.805 ± 0.307), (1.167 ± 0.283), (0.616 ± 0.162) h respectively; t½ for chrysophanol was (3.557 ± 1.250), (6.879 ± 1.126), (5.196 ± 2.032), (4.337 ± 1.816) h; AUC(0-t) for physcion was (0.504 ± 0.130), (9.558 ± 1.106), (2.545 ± 1.554), (0.052 ± 0.018) mg x h x L(-1). This paper developed a selective, accurate and sensitive HPLC-FLD method for the simultaneous determination of four anthraquiones in rat plasma.
Animals ; Anthraquinones ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between salivary proteome and dental caries and to promote the biomarker studies of dental caries susceptibility by comparing the salivary proteome of caries-active children and caries-free children with electrospray ionization ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS).

METHODSTen caries-active children and ten caries-free children were sampled. The salivary proteome of the two groups was studied, and the differential protein between the two groups was analyzed by ESI-MS/MS after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, filter-aided sample preparation, and liquid chromatography.

RESULTSThe concentration of salivary protein was higher in the caries-active group than in the caries-free group. The polypeptide counts of thecaries-active and caries-free groups were 602 and 481, which belonged to 286 and 227 proteins, respectively. The differential polypeptide count of the two groups was 361, and the differential protein count was 118. The detected proteins included matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), mucin-7 (MUC7), lactotransferrin (LTF), carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6), azurocidin (AZU), and cold agglutinin.

CONCLUSIONThe total salivary protein was higher in the caries-active group than in the caries-free group. The preliminary detection of differential proteins (MMP9, MUC7, LTF, CA6, AZU, and cold agglutinin) may lay some foundation for biomarker research of dental caries susceptibility.

Carbonic Anhydrases ; Child ; Dental Caries ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Proteome ; Saliva ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is the most common alkylating antineoplastic agent, as well as a strong immunosuppressant that is frequently applied to autoimmune diseases and organ transplantation. It is metabolized by cytochrome P450 oxidases (CYPs) to its active metabolite which played a critical role in therapy. CPA has serious and even fatal side effects, and its efficacy and adverse reactions are significantly varied among individuals. In this review, the association of the genetic polymorphisms in the metabolic enzymes and transporters involved in the disposition of CPA with the efficacy and adverse effects of CPA were summarized, thereby providing fundamental reference for further pharmacogenomic study of CPA.
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating ; pharmacology ; Cyclophosphamide ; pharmacology ; Humans ; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase ; metabolism ; Pharmacogenetics

Objective: To study the effect of ?-cyanoacrylate on corneal perforation in rabbits. Methods:Eighteen adult rabbits were divided into a left eye group and a right eye group.Bilateral corneas of the rabbits were perforated and subsequently occluded with ?-alkyl cyanoacrylate synthetic adhesive in the former group and by separated single points using the 10-0 polyglactin thread in the latter.The time for the obliteration of the corneal perforations and intraocular pressure(IOP) were recorded preoperatively and 3 days after the operation in both the two groups.The ocular contents of the two groups were observed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy after the operation.Results: The mean time of the corneal perforation obliteration was shorter in the left than in the right eyes.IOP was recovered to normal within 3 days postoperatively and the ocular contents were stabilized,with no significant difference in IOP between the two groups 3 days after the operation.Conclusion: ?-Cyanoacrylate is an effective adhesive agent for corneal perforation.

The IgG binding domain of Streptococcal Protein G which can selectively immobilizes the Fc regions of immunoglobulin G(IgG) is a kind of good material for oriented immobilization of antibodies in antibody microarrays.Here,genetically engineered three glutathione S-transferase(GST) fused proteins,bearing one,two and three B-Domains respectively(GST-GBx).The IgG-bindding ability of GST-GBx was investigated by ELISA.The data revealed that when the B-domain's quantity of GST-GBx is identical,the GST-GB3 is the most efficient protein among three GST-GBx protein both the capacity and sensibility of binding IgG.The GST-GB2 is the next one and GST-GB1 is the least one.Thus,the GST-GB3 has significantly predominance in comparison to GST-GB2 and GST-GB1.

Objective: Fungal keratitis is one of the most common diseases leading to blindness.It has a high incidence in China,and its early diagnosis and treatment are of vital importance.We aimed to investigate the value of laser confocal corneal microscopy in the clinical diagnosis of fungal keratitis.Methods: We conducted laser confocal corneal microscopy on 37 patients suspected of fungal keratitis,and compared the results with those obtained from the corneal tissue smears and fungal cultivation.Results: The fungus-infected corneas histologically exhibited defected epithelial cells,damaged subepithelial nerves and disordered stroma with reduced transparence.The hyphae showed bright,disordered,interlaced thread-or short rod-like structures.The positive rates of smear examination,fungus cultivation and laser confocal corneal microscopy were 48.65,62.16 and 78.39% for the 37 eyes,75.00,87.50 and100% for the 16 untreated eyes,and 28.57,42.85 and 61.90% for the other 21 pretreated eyes.Conclusion: Confocal laser corneal microscopy,rapid,effective and noninvasive,can be used as an important new alternative in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis

Objective To search for the method used in enriching caffeates in Cirsium setosum by macroporous adsorption resin, 23 types of macroporous adsorption resin were optimized, which could provide the industrial production of caffeates with the theory basis. Methods The adsorption and elution ratios, product purity and yield, as total indices, were comprehensively evaluatued by 23 types of macroporous adsorption resin in enriching the extracts in C. setosum. Results The product purity and yield of caffeates by the HPD-100 type macroporous adsorption resin were the highest and up to 52.2% and 87.6%. Conclusion The HPD-100 type macroporous adsorption resin shows better comprehensive adsorption property. It is available for the enrichment of caffeates in C. setosum.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 128-slice spiral CT angiography( MSCTA)for bypass grafts in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods One hundred and thirty-three bypass grafts (44 IMA grafts,89 saphenous veins grafts) of 46 patients after CABAG operation for 12 to 76 months were examined by MSCTA.Then the coronary angiography(CAG) was performed on those patients 3 - 10 days after MSCTA examination.The MSCTA results were compared with the angiography results.Results Among the 133 bypass grafts,MACTA examination showed that 17 grafts were occluded and 20 grafts were severe restenosis( restenosis degree ＞ 50％ ).There was also 17 occluded grafts showed in CAG examination as in MSCTA results.But 21 restenosis ( restenosis degree ＞ 50％ ) bypass grafts were identified by CAG.Compared with the CAG results,there was 1 false positive and 2 false negative in the MSCTA results.The overall sensitivity and specificity of MSCTA on evaluating the bypass grafts were 94.7％ and 98.9％.The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 97.3％ and 97.9％,respectively.Conclusion As a noninvasive examination,128-slice spiral CT could accurately identify and evaluate the bypass grafts lesions after CABG.